【正文】 ........................... 5 施工過程中損耗量的造價控制 .......................................... 6 參考文獻(xiàn) ................................................................. 7 北京航空航天大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計 (論文 ) 第 1 頁 1 建筑裝飾工程的特點 建筑裝飾工程，是指在工程技術(shù)與建筑藝術(shù)綜合創(chuàng)作的基礎(chǔ)上，對建筑物或構(gòu)筑物的局部或全部進(jìn)行修飾打扮與裝飾點綴的一種再創(chuàng)作的藝術(shù)活動。除內(nèi)外裝飾、家具、燈具、潔具，電器設(shè)備外， 還常包括中央空調(diào)、閉路電視監(jiān)控，消防噴淋．消防報警等諸多系統(tǒng)工程，是具有較高藝術(shù)欣賞性和實用性的大型綜合性工程。因此，它的建設(shè)投資經(jīng)常是士建投資的幾倍，對建設(shè)項目的總投資起著決定性的作用。因此，建筑裝飾工程須依附于已完工程的結(jié)構(gòu)主體 (土建工程 )，但又具備如下一些特點： 1．當(dāng)前的建筑裝飾工程不僅在設(shè)計上和施工上包含了建筑工程的許多傳統(tǒng)項目，而且如家具類、裝潢類，以到弱電安裝類也常常出現(xiàn)在裝飾工程設(shè)計圖中，成為發(fā)包項目的組成部分，使裝飾工程更復(fù)雜。 4I 由于新材料、新工藝的應(yīng)用及對裝飾效果需求的不同，稍上檔次的裝飾工程造價往往要超過土建工程。這些因素都使得在前期的工程造價估算不準(zhǔn)確。施工人員操作不熟練，難以對材料合理科學(xué)利用，造成的浪費，施工過程中的細(xì)節(jié)浪費，和倉庫管理不善而造成的材料失竊等浪費，都極大程度上影響了成本的管理。甚至是重復(fù)報告工作量。設(shè)計階段投資控制的方法主要是運用限額設(shè)計法和價值工程法。③開展限額設(shè)計，避免各專業(yè)或分項工程的分配投資目標(biāo)失控，即監(jiān)理工程師在設(shè)計過程中，及時對已完的圖紙估價，并與控制目標(biāo)比較，使整個設(shè)計階段處于受控狀態(tài)，將設(shè)計與經(jīng)濟(jì)二者有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來。⑥以主要材料．設(shè)備的選用為控制重點。做好外部條件的銜接，認(rèn)真落實環(huán)保，消防等部門的要求，以提高設(shè)計質(zhì)量，達(dá)到減少施工階段產(chǎn)生工程變更及索賠的可能性。每種鋁塑板如果品牌不同，價格差異會很大。 控制成本費用支出 在裝飾裝修工程項目的成本控制中，按照施工圖預(yù)算，實行以收定支，是有效控制成本的方法之一，具體做法是： (1)人工費控制。 (2)材料費控制。 施工過程中損耗量的造價控制 在裝飾裝修的施工過程中，很多材料是會發(fā)生損耗的。并且這部分?jǐn)?shù)量應(yīng)在報價清單中體現(xiàn)。 北京航空航天大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計 (論文 ) 第 7 頁 參考文獻(xiàn) [1]劉丹 .建設(shè)工程造價控制的分析探討 [J].鐵道工程學(xué)報 ,2021(10) [2]于建翔．裝飾裝修工程建造師工程管理實用全書 [M]．北京：當(dāng)代中國出版社． 2021． [3]聶順利 .淺談工程項目成本治理 [J].建筑與 預(yù)算 ,2021(2):8997. [4]麻彥 .有效控制工程造價與管理 [J].山西建筑 ,2021,35(31):26126 [5]王喜梅．裝飾工程造價的控制探討 [J]．產(chǎn)業(yè)與科技論壇． 2021(08)． [6]周明輝．談建筑裝飾工程造價存在的問題及造價探討 [J]．科技信息． 2021(09)． 請您刪除一下內(nèi)容， O(∩ _∩ )O 謝謝?。。?Many people have the same mixed feelings when planning a trip during Golden Week. With heaps of time, the sevenday Chinese 請您刪除一下內(nèi)容， O(∩ _∩ )O 謝謝！?。?National Day holiday could be the best occasion to enjoy a destination. However, it can also be the easiest way to ruin how you feel about a place and you may bee more fatigued after the holiday, due to battling the large crowds. During peak season, a dream about a place can turn to nightmare without careful planning, especially if you travel with children and older people. As most Chinese people will take the holiday to visit domestic tourist destinations, crowds and busy traffic are inevitable at most places. Also to be expected are increasing transport and acmodation prices, with the possibility that there will be no rooms available. It is also mon that you39。s misery, the cow told him to turn its hide into a pair of shoes after it died. The magic shoes whisked Niulang, who carried his two children in baskets strung from a shoulder pole, off on a chase after the empress. The pursuit enraged the empress, who took her hairpin and slashed it across the sky creating the Milky Way which separated husband from wife. But all was not lost as magpies, moved by their love and devotion, formed a bridge across the Milky Way to reunite the family. Even the Jade Emperor was touched, and allowed Niulang and Zhinu to meet once a year on the seventh night of the seventh month. This is how Qixi came to be. The festival can be traced back to the Han Dynasty (206 BCAD 220). Traditionally, people would look up at the sky and find a bright star in the constellation Aquila as well as the star Vega, which are identified as Niulang and Zhinu. The two stars shine on opposite sides of the Milky Way. Customs In bygone days, Qixi was not only a special day for lovers, but also for girls. It is also known as the Begging for Skills Festival or Daughters39。s Day! in shops, hotels and restaurants. But few young women will mark the festival with their boyfriends, or take part in traditional activities to pray for