【正文】 山西建筑 ,2021,35(31):26126 [5]王喜梅．裝飾工程造價(jià)的控制探討 [J]．產(chǎn)業(yè)與科技論壇． 2021(08)． [6]周明輝．談建筑裝飾工程造價(jià)存在的問題及造價(jià)探討 [J]．科技信息． 2021(09)． 請(qǐng)您刪除一下內(nèi)容， O(∩ _∩ )O 謝謝！??！ Many people have the same mixed feelings when planning a trip during Golden Week. With heaps of time, the sevenday Chinese 請(qǐng)您刪除一下內(nèi)容， O(∩ _∩ )O 謝謝?。?！ National Day holiday could be the best occasion to enjoy a destination. However, it can also be the easiest way to ruin how you feel about a place and you may bee more fatigued after the holiday, due to battling the large crowds. During peak season, a dream about a place can turn to nightmare without careful planning, especially if you travel with children and older people. As most Chinese people will take the holiday to visit domestic tourist destinations, crowds and busy traffic are inevitable at most places. Also to be expected are increasing transport and acmodation prices, with the possibility that there will be no rooms available. It is also mon that you39。 控制成本費(fèi)用支出 在裝飾裝修工程項(xiàng)目的成本控制中，按照施工圖預(yù)算，實(shí)行以收定支，是有效控制成本的方法之一，具體做法是： (1)人工費(fèi)控制。③開展限額設(shè)計(jì)，避免各專業(yè)或分項(xiàng)工程的分配投資目標(biāo)失控，即監(jiān)理工程師在設(shè)計(jì)過程中，及時(shí)對(duì)已完的圖紙估價(jià)，并與控制目標(biāo)比較，使整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)階段處于受控狀態(tài)，將設(shè)計(jì)與經(jīng)濟(jì)二者有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來。這些因素都使得在前期的工程造價(jià)估算不準(zhǔn)確。除內(nèi)外裝飾、家具、燈具、潔具，電器設(shè)備外， 還常包括中央空調(diào)、閉路電視監(jiān)控，消防噴淋．消防報(bào)警等諸多系統(tǒng)工程，是具有較高藝術(shù)欣賞性和實(shí)用性的大型綜合性工程。由于在這一部分中，各種材料能源等消耗大大增強(qiáng)了成本的支出。由于裝飾材料的發(fā)展很快，其市場價(jià)格變動(dòng)非常頻繁，及時(shí)準(zhǔn)確地掌握 裝飾材料市場變化信息是提高方案概算準(zhǔn)確度的基本條件。項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理部在簽訂勞務(wù)合同時(shí)，應(yīng)將人工費(fèi)單價(jià)確定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)低于對(duì)外承包合同中的人工單價(jià)，其余留部分考慮用于定額外人工費(fèi)和關(guān)鍵工序的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)費(fèi)等。s time for the wild fruits to ripe. The picturesque Arxan in Autumn is indeed a fairyland only exists in a dream that satisfies all your fantasies. If it rains heavily on Saturday night, some elderly Chinese will say it is because Zhinu, or the Weaving Maid, is crying on the day she met her husband Niulang, or the Cowherd, on the Milky Way. Most Chinese remember being told this romantic tragedy when they were children on Qixi, or the Seventh Night Festival, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, which is usually in early August. This year it falls on Saturday, August 2. Folklore Story As the story goes, once there was a cowherd, Niulang, who lived with his elder brother and sisterinlaw. But she disliked and abused him, and the boy was forced to leave home with only an old cow for pany. The cow, however, was a former god who had violated imperial rules and was sent to earth in bovine form. One day the cow led Niulang to a lake where fairies took a bath on earth. Among them was Zhinu, the most beautiful fairy and a skilled seamstress. The two fell in love at first sight and were soon married. They had a son and daughter and their ha ppy life was held up as an example for hundreds of years in China. Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor, the Supreme Deity in Taoism, marriage between a mortal and fairy was strictly forbidden. He ordered the heaven troop to catch Zhinu back. Niulang grew desperate when he discovered Zhinu had been taken back to heaven. Driven by Niulang39。家裝行業(yè)一般遵循 5%的損耗率，若發(fā)現(xiàn)超過此比例，業(yè)主應(yīng)請(qǐng)承包方給予合理的解釋說明。要對(duì)采購工人進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格的管理和監(jiān)督，保證采購費(fèi)用在控制范圍內(nèi)，制定限額采購工作包及工作包價(jià)格，并對(duì)限額采購進(jìn)行跟蹤，對(duì)各種超出范圍的費(fèi)用要嚴(yán)格審 核對(duì)比，嚴(yán)格將采購清單和實(shí)際支出費(fèi)用做出整合。②各種裝飾方案在功能．環(huán)境及投資等方面進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià)，協(xié)助業(yè)主正確優(yōu)選方案避免唯美主義或唯經(jīng)濟(jì)觀點(diǎn)。 工程造價(jià)估算精確度低下 在建筑裝修裝修工程項(xiàng)目投資前期，由于對(duì)工程量的勘察估計(jì)不夠準(zhǔn)確，也使得在這個(gè)階段的投資估算缺乏準(zhǔn)確性，同時(shí)，很多施工單位對(duì)工程造價(jià)的估算和控制不夠嚴(yán)格，對(duì)工程施工工藝和施工方案審核不夠嚴(yán)密，為了在激烈的市場競爭中取得項(xiàng)目的建設(shè)施工權(quán)利，一定程度的低估整體工程造價(jià)來提高工程項(xiàng)目的批準(zhǔn)通過率。因此，它的建設(shè)投資經(jīng)常是士建投資的幾倍，對(duì)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目的總投資起著決定性的作用。施工人員操作不熟練，難以對(duì)材料合理科學(xué)利用，造成的浪費(fèi)，施工過程中的細(xì)節(jié)浪費(fèi)，和倉庫管理不善而造成的材料失竊等浪費(fèi)，都極大程度上影響了成本的管理。⑥以主要材料．設(shè)備的選用為控制重點(diǎn)。 (2)材料費(fèi)控制。s misery, the cow told him to turn its hide into a pair of shoes after it died. The magic shoes whisked Niulang, who carried his two children in baskets s