【正文】 通信技術(shù)畢業(yè)論文 通信技術(shù)畢業(yè)論文 題目： 基于 NiosII 的音頻信號分析儀設(shè)計 專 業(yè)： 通信工程 通信技術(shù)畢業(yè)論文 1 目 錄 摘要 .......................................................................................................................................Ⅰ ABSTRACT..........................................................................................................................Ⅰ 1 引言 ...................................................................................................................................1 SoC 概述 ......................................................................................................................1 SOC 技術(shù)發(fā)展 ................................................................................................1 SOC 設(shè)計的關(guān)鍵技術(shù) ...................................................................................1 SOC 用途分類 ................................................................................................1 SoC 與應(yīng)用概念 .............................................................................................1 SoC 的實現(xiàn) .......................................................................................................1 本文所做的工作 .......................................................................................................1 2 FPGA 開發(fā)技術(shù)概述 ..........................................................................................................2 FPGA 技術(shù)特點 .........................................................................................................2 FPGA 開發(fā)流程 .........................................................................................................2 quartus II 軟件及 NiosII 軟件介紹 .............................................................................5 quartus Ⅱ 軟件介紹 ...........................................................................................7 NiosII 軟件介紹 ................................................................................................9 以數(shù)碼管閃爍控制為例介紹 quartus II 軟件及 NiosII 軟件 ........................10 3 語音信號處理 ..................................................................................................................... 11 數(shù)字信號處理 ..........................................................................................................12 傅里葉變換 ...................................................................................................13 連續(xù)時間非周期信號 .............................................................................15 連續(xù)時間周期信號 .................................................................................19 離散時間非周期信號 .............................................................................19 離散時間周期信號 .................................................................................19 快速傅里葉變換（ FFT） ......................................................................19 語音信號處理 .........................................................................................................21 4 音頻信號分析儀設(shè)計 .......................................................................................................24 設(shè)計思想 ...................................................................................................................25 設(shè)計流程 ..................................................................................................................25 系統(tǒng)具體設(shè)計與實現(xiàn) .......................................................................................25 前端可控增益放大電路及增益控制電路 ..............................................25 混疊濾波 ..................................................................................................25 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換 ..................................................................................................25 數(shù)字濾波及 Nios 實現(xiàn)方式 ...................................................................26 Nios II 軟核配置過程 ...............................................................28 Quartus II 綜合 ..........................................................................28 理論分析與參數(shù)設(shè)計 ........................................................................................29 軟件設(shè)計 ............................................................................................................29 測試儀器 ............................................................................................................29 4． 指標(biāo)測試結(jié)果 ...................................................................................................30 6 參考文獻(xiàn) .............................................................................................................................30 7 致 謝 ...................................................................................................................................31 通信技術(shù)畢業(yè)論文 2 基于 Nios Ⅱ的音頻信號分析儀設(shè)計 摘要 本系統(tǒng)基于 Altera Cyclone II 系列 FPGA 嵌入高性能的嵌入式 IP 核 (Nios)處理器軟核，代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng) DSP 芯片或高性能單片機(jī)，實現(xiàn)了基于 FFT 的音頻信號分析。并在頻域?qū)π盘柕目偣β?，各頻率分量功率，信號周期性以及失真度進(jìn)行了計算。并在 FPGA 中嵌入了 8 階 IIR 切比雪夫（ Chebyshev） II 型數(shù)字低通濾波器，代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)有源模擬濾波器實現(xiàn)了性能優(yōu)異的音頻濾波。配合 12 位 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換芯片 AD1674，和前端自動增益放大電路，使在 50mV 到 5V 的測量范圍下，單一頻率功率及總功率測量誤差均控制在 1%以內(nèi)。 關(guān)鍵詞： FPGA； IP 核； FFT； IIR； Abstract This system is based on IP core(Nios) softcore processors embedded in the FPGA of Altera Cyclone II family. Instead of using DSP or microcontroller, we use Nios II to perform a lowcost FFTbased analysis of the audio we caculated the power of the whole signal,the power of each frequence point that ponented the the way,we anlysised its periodicity and also embedded an 8order Chebyshev II IIR digital lowpass filter to replace the traditional analog Active Filter to perform an excellent audio filter. With 12bit A / D converter chip AD1674, and the frontend automatic gain amplifier, this system’s si