【正文】 河 南 科 技 大 學 畢 業(yè) 論 文 題 目 An Analysis of the Inevitability of Tess’s tragedy in Tess of the D’Urbervilles 淺析《 德伯家的苔絲 》中 苔絲 的 悲劇的必然性 姓 名 周 冬 艷 院 系 外 國 語 學 院 專 業(yè) 英 語 指導教師 趙 文 超 2021 年 5 月 20 日 ABSTRACT Thomas Hardy was a famous critical realistic writer at the turn of the 19th century in England。 Tess of the D’Urbervilles is the most influential one of all his works. This novel describes a tragic life about one beautiful and pure girl after disgrace. Tess’s tragic life is caused by the environment around her。 it’s the result of that time. Except this, it can’t be separated from her own weakness in character, because she obviously has the dual nature of the society characterresistance and promise. As a mon person, Tess fought with the society helplessly. In the end, she turned out to be the sacrificial victim of society like all other things which disobey the morality and ethic. This article consists of three parts. The first part serves as an introduction to the author and the novel. The second part discusses previous researches both at home and aboard about Tess of the D’Urbervilles. This part serves as a basis for the analysis of the inevitability of Tess’s tragedy. The next part deals with the reasons lead to Tess’s tragedy. The mentioned analysis leads to the conclusion of the study. This paper is intended to deepen people’s understanding of the principal characters in the novel and the theme of the novel. KEY WORDS Tess’s tragedy。 inevitability。 environment。 weakness in character 摘 要 托馬斯．哈代是 19 世紀英國著名的批判現實主義作家，《德伯家的苔絲》是他最為有影響力的一部巨著。該小說主要講述了一個美麗純真的少女失身后悲慘的命運。苔絲悲慘的命運是那個環(huán)境所造成的，是一個時代思想，傳統(tǒng)，秩序的局限所造成的結果。除此之外 ,這與她自身性格的弱點也是分不開的，因為她對命運有著反抗的一面也有妥協的一面。所以，作為普通人的苔絲與當時社會的抗爭是無助的，最終會像所有一切與道德倫理相悖的事物一樣，被淪為社會的犧牲品。 本文分為三部分。首先，本文對托馬斯?哈代及其作品進行了簡要的介紹。然后， 本文對國內外 有關《德伯家的苔絲》中的研究進行了簡要論述 。這一部分可作為下一部分探討苔絲悲劇命運的必然性的鋪墊。最后，本文將集中論述 引發(fā) 女主人公 — 苔絲悲劇命運的幾個原因 。 以上的分析引出了本文的結論。本文的目的在于使讀者加深對本篇小說及其主題的理解。 關鍵詞 苔絲的悲劇 。 必然性； 環(huán)境 。 ； 性格的弱點 OUTLINE Introduction Tess of the D’Urbervilles can be regarded as one of the greatest tragedies in prose in the history of English literature. This paper shows the inevitability of Tess’s tragedy by making an analysis about the reasons lead to Tess’s tragedy Ⅰ . An introduction to Thomas Hardy and Tess of the D’Urbervilles An introduction to Thomas Hardy An introduction to Tess of the D’Urbervilles II. An overview of the previous researches into Tess of the D’Urbervilles An overview of the previous researches abroad An overview of the previous researches at home III. The inevitability of Tess’s tragedy environment society environment The family environment weakness of Tess’s character resistance promise Conclusion This paper analyzes the reasons leads to Tess’s tragedy and through this way it shows the inevitability of Tess’s tragedy. It is intended to deepen people’s understanding of the principal characters in the novel and the theme of the novel. Introduction Tess of the D’Urbervilles, the greatest novel of British famous writer Thomas Hardy (18401928), describes the misfortune of a poor peasant girl Tess. In this novel, we can see Tess resist her unjust fate again and again, suffer setbacks again and again, till to be destroyed. We can not help but feel the intense emotions of pity and fear. At the same time we deeply feel that her tragedy is inevitable. The cause of her tragedy has always been the concern of people, such a beautiful, noble and pure woman as Tess should suffer inevitable ruin. What leads to her tragic destiny? What killed her? In this paper, I try to show the various causes of heroine’s tragedy on the base of some early researches of other people and to prove the inevitability of Tess’s tragedy. From the later nieenth century until now, Thomas Hardy and his works have been the important topics of the criticism for a long time. After the Second World War, with the development o modern literary criticism, different critics interpret Tess of the D’Urbervilles and Thomas Hardy’s other novels from various perspectives. For instance, Professor Webster begins with a discussion of Hardy’s intentions in writing Tess. According to his views, Tess of the D’urbervilles is a contribution to Hardy’s war against man’s inhumanity. Arnold Kettle takes a different point of view. For him the subject of Tess of the D’Urbervilles is not the tragedy of a “pure woman”, but rather the destruction of the English peasantry. Mr. Kettle sees it a plete as a social novel. In China, Prof. Zhang Zhongzai has published his own book on Hardy’s novel. Ⅰ . An introduction to Thomas Hardy and Tess of the D’Urbervilles This part is a brief introduction to the author and his masterpiece. The name of the writer ,Thomas Hardy, is very well known all around the world. In spite of this truth, I need to do some brief introduction to him, since it will help to understand his works better. Also, there will be a brief introduction to the novel. An introduction to Thomas Hardy Thomas Hardy, (18401928), one of the representatives of English critical realism at the turn of the 19th century, he was also a poet。 He is famous for novels of character and Environment. His bi