北大光華組織與管理week9-決策(已修改)
2025-02-26 14:15 本頁面
【正文】 Chapter 6DECISIONMAKING:THEESSENCEOFTHEMANAGER’SJOB169。 Jianjun Zhang 61LearningObjectivesYoushouldlearnto:– Outlinethestepsinthedecisionmakingprocess– Explainwhydecisionmakingissopervasiveinanizations– Describetherationaldecisionmaker– Contrasttheperfectlyrationalandboundedlyrationalapproachestodecisionmaking– Explaintherolethatintuitionplaysinthedecisionmakingprocess169。Jianjun Zhang 62LearningObjectives(cont.)Youshouldlearnto:–Identifythetwotypesofdecisionproblemsandthetwotypesofdecisionsthatareusedtosolvethem–Differentiatethedecisionconditionsofcertainty,risk,anduncertainty–Describethedifferentdecisionmakingstyles169。 Jianjun Zhang 63169。 Jianjun ZhangImportanceofdecisionmakingDecisions– choicesfromtwoormorealternatives– allanizationalmembersmakedecisions– Everybodyhastomakelotofdecisionsinhis/herlifetime169。 Jianjun ZhangDecisionsintheManagementFunctions169。 Jianjun ZhangTheDecisionMakingProcessProblemIdentificationIdentificationofDecisionCriteriaAllocationofWeightstoCriteriaDevelopmentofAlternativesImplementationofanAlternativeEvaluationofDecisionEffectivenessAnalysisofAlternativesSelectionofanAlternative169。 Jianjun ZhangDecisionMakingProcess– aprehensive,8stepprocess– Step 1 Identifying a Problem? problemdiscrepancybetweenanexistingandadesiredstateofaffairs–mustbesuchthatitexertspressuretoact–managerisunlikelytocharacterizeasituationasaproblemunlesss/hehasresourcesnecessarytoactDecisionMaking169。 Jianjun ZhangDecisionMakingProcess(cont.)– Step 2 Identifying Decision Criteria? decision criteriawhat’srelevantinmakingadecision– Step 3 Allocating Weights to the Criteria? mustweightthecriteriatogivethemappropriatepriorityinthedecision– Step 4 Developing Alternatives? listtheviablealternativesthatcouldresolvetheproblemwithoutevaluatingthem– Step 5 Analyzing Alternatives? eachalternativeisevaluatedagainstthecriteriaDecisionMaking(cont.)169。 Jianjun ZhangAssessedValuesofNotebookComputerAlternativesAgainstDecisionCriteria169。 Jianjun ZhangEvaluationofLaptopComputerAlternativesAgainstCriteriaandWeights169。 Jianjun ZhangDecisionMaking(cont.)DecisionMakingProcess(cont.)– Step 6 Selecting an Alternative? choosingthebestalternativefromamongthoseconsidered– Step 7 Implementing the Alternative? implementationconveyingthedecisiontothoseaffectedbyitandgettingtheirmitmenttoit–participationindecisionmakingprocessinclinespeopletosupportthedecision–decisionmayfailifitisnotimplementedproperly– Step 8 Evaluating Decision Effectiveness? determinewhethertheproblemisresolved169。 Jianjun ZhangDecisionasaProcess:IncrementalDecisionProcessModelEmpiricalres
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