三、英語簡單句五種基本句型詳解(已修改)
2025-08-17 00:29 本頁面
【正文】 基本句型 英語句子成分的排列順序與漢語不同。漢語放在前面的，英語可能要放在后面；而漢語放后面的，英語可能放在前面。即使是同樣一句話，如果用詞不同，句中的次序也會有變化。比如，“我每天騎自行車上學(xué)”，可以表達為 I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表達為 I ride to school every day. 如果用圖表分析一下，我們會看得更清楚：我 每天 騎自行車 上學(xué)。I go to school by bike every day.I ride to school every day.這三個語句除了行為者I的位置沒有變化外，其它都發(fā)生了變化，并且由于“上學(xué)”表達方式的不同，在句中的位置也發(fā)生了變化。 句子成分 學(xué)記口訣 ：主語謂語是基礎(chǔ)，賓表定狀補輔助。 賓主來自名代數(shù)，動詞作謂不可無。 指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. His job is to train swimmers.5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.6. His wish is to bee a scientist.7. He wants to finish the work in time.8. Tom came to ask me for advice（建議）.9. He found it important to master English.10. Do you have anything else to say?11. Would you please tell me your address?12. He sat there, reading a newspaper.13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.14. He noticed（注意到） a man enter the room.15. The apples tasted sweet.句子成分詳解一覽表及巧記口訣句子成分意義及位置充當(dāng)詞類例句主語The Subject表示句子說的是“什么人”或“什么事”。通常在句子前部。名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、短語或句子。We study in No. 17 middle school.Jim is an American boy.Two heads are better than one.謂語The Predicate說明主語“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么樣”。通常在主語后（除疑問、倒裝句外）。由動詞或動詞詞組充當(dāng)。Time tries all thing.(時間檢驗一切）Lucy is dancing under the tree.Her parents are both workers.賓語The Object表示動作、行為的對象。在及物動詞或介詞后。同主語的充當(dāng)詞類Love me, love my dog. (愛屋及烏）These girls like English.Did you see him yesterday?表語The Predicate與系動詞連用，一起構(gòu)成謂語部分、說明主語的性質(zhì)、特征。常在系動詞之后。同主語的充當(dāng)詞類His father is a bus driver.My car is white.We were at school yesterday.Health is wealth. (健康就是財富。）定語The Attribute用來修飾名詞或代詞。單個詞常在修飾的詞前，短語或句子在被修飾的詞之后。形、代、數(shù)、名、介詞短語或相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞或短語。The red one is mine.What is his name?A friend in need is a friend indeed. (患難見真情。）狀語The Attribute修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，表示動作發(fā)生的時間、地點、目的、方式等。位置較靈活。通常由副詞、介詞短語或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞或短語來表示。Our teacher works very hard.She often helps Mike.They had a meeting in Shanghai.賓語補足語The Object Complement賓語的補足語，邏輯上與賓語是“主謂”關(guān)系。在賓語后。由形容詞、名詞、介詞短語等充當(dāng)。We named the baby Lily.She made the room clean.同位語The Appostive重復(fù)指代并進一步說明名詞及名詞性詞語。在被修飾詞后。名詞、名詞性短語、從句等。They all work hard.John, a friend of hers, hasgone.簡單句的五種基本句型句型種類主語謂語部分謂語動詞表語賓語賓補S + Vi. （主謂） 主語+不及物動詞Birdsfly.S + Vi. +
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