三、英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單句五種基本句型詳解(已修改)
2025-08-17 00:29 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 基本句型 英語(yǔ)句子成分的排列順序與漢語(yǔ)不同。漢語(yǔ)放在前面的，英語(yǔ)可能要放在后面；而漢語(yǔ)放后面的，英語(yǔ)可能放在前面。即使是同樣一句話，如果用詞不同，句中的次序也會(huì)有變化。比如，“我每天騎自行車上學(xué)”，可以表達(dá)為 I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表達(dá)為 I ride to school every day. 如果用圖表分析一下，我們會(huì)看得更清楚：我 每天 騎自行車 上學(xué)。I go to school by bike every day.I ride to school every day.這三個(gè)語(yǔ)句除了行為者I的位置沒(méi)有變化外，其它都發(fā)生了變化，并且由于“上學(xué)”表達(dá)方式的不同，在句中的位置也發(fā)生了變化。 句子成分 學(xué)記口訣 ：主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)是基礎(chǔ)，賓表定狀補(bǔ)輔助。 賓主來(lái)自名代數(shù)，動(dòng)詞作謂不可無(wú)。 指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. His job is to train swimmers.5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.6. His wish is to bee a scientist.7. He wants to finish the work in time.8. Tom came to ask me for advice（建議）.9. He found it important to master English.10. Do you have anything else to say?11. Would you please tell me your address?12. He sat there, reading a newspaper.13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.14. He noticed（注意到） a man enter the room.15. The apples tasted sweet.句子成分詳解一覽表及巧記口訣句子成分意義及位置充當(dāng)詞類例句主語(yǔ)The Subject表示句子說(shuō)的是“什么人”或“什么事”。通常在句子前部。名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、短語(yǔ)或句子。We study in No. 17 middle school.Jim is an American boy.Two heads are better than one.謂語(yǔ)The Predicate說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么樣”。通常在主語(yǔ)后（除疑問(wèn)、倒裝句外）。由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組充當(dāng)。Time tries all thing.(時(shí)間檢驗(yàn)一切）Lucy is dancing under the tree.Her parents are both workers.賓語(yǔ)The Object表示動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象。在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后。同主語(yǔ)的充當(dāng)詞類Love me, love my dog. (愛(ài)屋及烏）These girls like English.Did you see him yesterday?表語(yǔ)The Predicate與系動(dòng)詞連用，一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)部分、說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征。常在系動(dòng)詞之后。同主語(yǔ)的充當(dāng)詞類His father is a bus driver.My car is white.We were at school yesterday.Health is wealth. (健康就是財(cái)富。）定語(yǔ)The Attribute用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞。單個(gè)詞常在修飾的詞前，短語(yǔ)或句子在被修飾的詞之后。形、代、數(shù)、名、介詞短語(yǔ)或相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞或短語(yǔ)。The red one is mine.What is his name?A friend in need is a friend indeed. (患難見(jiàn)真情。）狀語(yǔ)The Attribute修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的、方式等。位置較靈活。通常由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示。Our teacher works very hard.She often helps Mike.They had a meeting in Shanghai.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)The Object Complement賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，邏輯上與賓語(yǔ)是“主謂”關(guān)系。在賓語(yǔ)后。由形容詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。We named the baby Lily.She made the room clean.同位語(yǔ)The Appostive重復(fù)指代并進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明名詞及名詞性詞語(yǔ)。在被修飾詞后。名詞、名詞性短語(yǔ)、從句等。They all work hard.John, a friend of hers, hasgone.簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型句型種類主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)部分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)S + Vi. （主謂） 主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞Birdsfly.S + Vi. +
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