【正文】 Book One Unit One10. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher who is credited with laying the fundamentals (基礎(chǔ)) of modern Western philosophy. He is a mysterious figure known chiefly through the accounts of later classical writers, especially the writings of his most famous student Plato, Socrates has bee well known for his contribution to the field of ethics. His method of teaching, known as the Socratic Method, by asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to explain ideas remains a monly used tool in a wide range of discussions. He also made important and lasting contributions to the field of epistemology(認識論) and logic，and the influence of his ideas and approach remains a strong foundation for Western philosophy that followed. Socrates was the most colorful figure in the history of ancient philosophy. His fame was widespread in his own time, and his name soon became a household word although he constructed no philosophical system, established no school, and founded no sect(宗派).譯文：蘇格拉底是古希臘哲學(xué)家，被譽為現(xiàn)代西方哲學(xué)的奠基人。他是一個謎一般的人物，人們主要通過后來的一些古典作家的敘述，尤其是他最著名的學(xué)生柏拉圖的作品去了解他。蘇格拉底以他對倫理學(xué)的貢獻而聞名。他的教學(xué)法亦稱為蘇格拉底法，即通過提問和回答來激發(fā)批判性思維以及闡述觀點。該方法在各種討論中仍被普遍使用。他還在認識論和邏輯領(lǐng)域做出了重大而深遠的貢獻。他的思想和方法所帶來的影響一直是后來的西方哲學(xué)的堅實基礎(chǔ)。蘇格拉底是古代哲學(xué)史上最豐富多彩的人物。他在他那個時代已威名遠揚。雖然他未曾建立什么哲學(xué)體系，未曾設(shè)立什么學(xué)派，也未曾創(chuàng)立什么宗派，但他的名字很快就變得家喻戶曉了。11. Translate the following paragraph into English. 注意：主語 系動詞或謂語 表語或賓語 （定語） 狀語孔子（主語）是（系動詞）（中國歷史上著名的）（定語）思想家（表語）、教育家、是（儒家學(xué)派（Confucianism）的）創(chuàng)始人，被尊稱為（古代的）“圣人”（sage）。（他的）言論和生平活動記錄在《論語》（The Analects）一書中?！墩撜Z》是（中國古代文化的）經(jīng)典著作，對后來歷代的思想家、文學(xué)家、政治家產(chǎn)生了很大影響。不研究《論語》，就不能真正把握（中國幾千年的傳統(tǒng)）文化。（孔子的很多）思想，尤其是（其）教育思想（主語同位語），對中國社會產(chǎn)生了（深遠的）影響。 在21世紀的今天，（孔子的）學(xué)說不僅受到（中國人）重視，而且也越來越受到（整個國際社會的）重視。Translation:Confucius was （a great） thinker and educator （in Chinese history.） He was the founder （of Confucianism） and was respectfully（狀語） referred to as （an ancient） “sage”. （His） words and life story were recorded in The Analects, An enduring classic （of ancient Chinese culture,） The Analects has had a great influence on the thinkers, writers, and statesmen （that came after Confucius.） Without studying this book, one could hardly truly understand （the thousandsofyears’ traditional Chinese） culture. （Much of Confucius’） thought, especially （his） thought （on education,） has had （a profound） influence on Chinese society. In the 21st century, （Confucian） thought not only retains the attention （of the Chinese,） but it also wins （an increasing） attention （from the international munity.） Unit Two10. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Christmas is a widely observed cultural holiday, celebrated on December 25 by millions of people around the world. It memorates(紀念) the birth of Jesus Christ. The festival dated from as early as 336 AD. Gradually it evolved into a religious as well as secular(非宗教的) celebration, celebrated by an increasing number of nonChristians. Today Christmas is observed as an important festival and public holiday around the world. Christmas customs differ in different countries. Popular modern customs of the holiday include an exchange of Christmas cards and gifts, Christmas singing, church attendance, the display of various Christmas decorations and trees, family gatherings, and a special meal preparation. To small children, the festival is full of fantasy and surprise. Legend(傳說）has it that Santa Claus will enter each house through the chimney and bring gifts to wellbehaved children on Christmas Eve. Because giftgiving and many other aspects of the Christmas festival heighten economic activity among both Christmas and nonChristmas, the holiday has also bee a significant event and a key sales period for business. 譯文： 圣誕節(jié)是一個被廣泛慶祝的文化節(jié)日，全世界有許許多多的人在12月25日慶祝這一節(jié)日。它是為了紀念耶穌基督的誕辰。該節(jié)日最早課追溯到公元336年。漸漸地，這一節(jié)日演變?yōu)橐粋€既是宗教又是非宗教的節(jié)日，越來越多的非基督徒也慶祝圣誕節(jié)。如今，圣誕節(jié)在全球被作為一個重大的節(jié)日和公共假日來慶祝。不同國家的圣誕節(jié)風(fēng)俗也各不相同?，F(xiàn)代流行的圣誕節(jié)風(fēng)俗包括交換圣誕賀卡和圣誕禮物、唱圣誕歌曲、參加教堂活動、擺放各種圣誕飾品和圣誕樹、舉行家庭聚會以及準備一頓特別的大餐。對小孩子們來說，這個節(jié)日充滿了幻想和驚喜。據(jù)傳說，圣誕老人會在圣誕夜從煙囪進入每戶人家，給乖巧聽話的孩子帶來禮物。由于圣誕節(jié)送禮物以及許多其他方面推動了基督徒和非基督徒