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年產20萬噸煤制乙二醇工廠初步設計畢業(yè)設計(已修改)

2025-07-03 15:55 本頁面
 

【正文】 年產20萬噸煤制乙二醇工廠初步設計畢業(yè)設計目錄1 總論 1 1 1 4 5 5 5 乙二醇發(fā)展前景 62工藝設計方案 7 7 7 環(huán)氧乙烷直接水合法 7 環(huán)氧乙烷催化水合法 8 8 9 草酸酯合成法 10 11 11 CO偶聯技術 15 DMCMeOH分離技術 17 213 Aspen工藝流程模擬簡述 24 24 24 26 30 DMO加氫工段 34 35 374 物料衡算 38 38 39 39 DMO加氫工段物料衡算 41 435 熱量衡算 44 44 44 45 45 羰化偶聯工段能量衡算 45 45 46 46 46 466 設備選型 52 52 52 52 67 67 DMO分離塔設計 68 83 換熱器概述 83 選型依據 84 84 85 設備一覽表 87 塔設備一覽表 87 換熱器設備一覽表 88 反應器一覽表 887“三廢”處理與安全事項 89 89 89 89 89結論 90參考文獻 91附錄 93致謝 94年產20萬噸煤制乙二醇工廠初步設計設計總說明設計目的及意義乙二醇(EG)是最簡單、最重要的脂肪族二元醇,市場容量僅次于乙烯和丙烯,是一種非常重要的戰(zhàn)略物資。由于目前我國乙二醇的生產能力和產量還不能滿足實際生產的需求,加上煤制備乙二醇相比煤制油、煤制烯烴的投資要小得多,產業(yè)鏈也比后兩者短,市場需求明確,準入門檻低,推廣起來更加容易,加上發(fā)展煤或天然氣通過合成氣制備乙二醇,符合我國缺油、少氣、煤炭資源相對豐富的特點,是國家鼓勵類示范性項目,因而開發(fā)大型煤制乙二醇生產裝置具有重要意義。工藝設計任務本煤制乙二醇生產項目以煤為原料制備合成氣,通過羰基化反應生成亞硝酸甲酯,在鈀(Pd)系催化劑上氧化偶聯制得草酸二酯,再經在銅系催化劑上加氫制得乙二醇。其生產能力為每年20萬噸。工藝設計依據(1)2016屆本科畢業(yè)設計任務書(2)[M].北京:化學工業(yè)出版社,1982(3)應衛(wèi)勇,曹發(fā)海,[M].北京:化學工業(yè)出版社,2004(4)中國石化集團上海工程有限公司編. 《化工工藝設計手冊(第四版)》,化學工業(yè)出版社,2009設計工藝說明本項目以煤為原料制取合成氣,通過深冷技術分離出CO和H2,由于合成氣中CO和H2的含量與比重受原料煤品質、氣化反應類型和操作的影響比較大,故以滿足項目需求的方式完成對生產的供給。設計分為五個主要生產工段:亞硝酸甲酯再生反應工段,CO偶聯反應工段,草酸二甲酯催化加氫工段,乙二醇精制工段,DMCMeOH分離工段。各工段主要反應如下:(1)酯化反應工段采用反應精餾酯化的技術手段,合成CO氧化偶聯所需的產物亞硝酸甲酯,主要原料是ONO和甲醇,惰性氣體N2,甲醇既作為反應原料,同時進行循環(huán)物料進行熱量交換,由于副反應的發(fā)生,需要補充一定的甲醇,同時該反應的一產物為H2O,因此要求甲醇的摩爾含量在98%以上。 2ROH+N2O3→2RONO+H2O (1)(2)CO偶聯工段采用氣相偶聯技術,使用華東理工大學研發(fā)的Pd/Al2O3催化劑催化劑的活性相當穩(wěn)定,MN轉化率穩(wěn)定在80%,DMO選擇性大于90%,DMO產率大于3509/kg/h。使用列管式、間壁冷卻式固定床反應器。管內裝催化劑,反應溫度為120~140℃,壓力l~5atm。草酸二甲酯(DMO)的合成反應為:2CH3ONO+2CO=DMO+2NO + (2)(3)加氫工段采用華東理工大學研制的Cu/SiO2作為DMO催化劑,催化劑的活性相當穩(wěn)定,DMO轉化率穩(wěn)定在98%,EG選擇性大于90%。,此外假定少量的乙二醇轉換為1,2丙二醇、1,2丁二醇。 (4)%(wt/y)以上,加氫反應產物經過初步提純后得到粗乙二醇,再以甲苯為萃取劑,利用萃取法分離乙二醇、1,2丙二醇、1,2丁二醇共沸液。(5)由于DMC與MeOH共沸,因此不能通過普通精餾的方式進行分離,因此,作者查閱相關資料,采取變壓雙效精餾的方式,創(chuàng)新性完成了DMC 和MeOH的分離任務,具體詳細見Aspen模擬一章。圖11 設計流程方框圖設計工藝特點(1)本項目以煤制油化工有公司的甲醇和合成氣為原料,代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)的石油乙烯路線,具有極高的市場競爭力。(2)采用華東理工大學的鈀系催化劑,活性相當穩(wěn)定,轉化率高,選擇性大,反應條件溫和,工藝技術成熟。(3)根據甲醇精餾系統(tǒng)中,甲醇和水沸點差異較大的特點,使用雙效精餾的方式,雖然增加了一個精餾塔,但是仍然可以看作是一個系統(tǒng),系統(tǒng)的熱輸入量明顯減少以后,其熱輸出量相應減少,從而達到了節(jié)約冷卻水的顯著效果。(4)采用萃取法精制產品乙二醇,分離能耗相對較低,與精餾方法相比,萃取法回收的甲醇純度接近于100%,%,達到設計要求。(5)采用反應精餾技術進行酯化反應,同時在一個塔內完成反應、吸收和精餾。相比其他工藝技術大大縮短了生產流程,減少了投資費用。(6)采用雙塔變壓精餾分離MeOHDMC的二元共沸物。設計計算結果數據本設計主要原料如下表1:表1 主要物料匯總物料名稱數量/(萬噸/年)規(guī)格煤60(約)30%甲醇 5%COH2 甲苯外購乙二醇 () %碳酸二甲酯 () %乙醇酸甲酯 () %設計結論本設計所選設備滿足年產20萬噸煤制乙二醇初步設計的要求關鍵詞:合成氣;流程模擬;煤制乙二醇;氧化偶聯 Preliminary design of coal to ethylene glycol for 200,000 tons synthetic project Design general description design purpose and meaning Ethylene glycol (EG) is the simplest and the most important aliphatic dibasic alcohol, second only to ethylene and propylene market capacity, is a very important strategic material. Because at present our country of ethylene glycol production capacity and production can not meet the needs of practical production, pared with coal preparation of ethylene glycol coal, coal to olefin investment is much smaller, the industrial chain is shorter than the latter two, the market demand, low barriers to entry, promote more easy, plus the development of coal or natural gas in the preparation of ethylene glycol via syngas, conforms to our country lack of gas, and oil, the characteristics of the coal resources are relatively abundant, is the national encouraging demonstration project, thus developing large coal glycol production device is of great significance.2. Process design task This coal glycol production project in coal preparation syngas as raw material, through carbonylation reaction of methyl nitrite, on palladium (Pd) catalysts for oxidation coupling system of two oxalate ester, then through the copper catalyst on hydrogenation was ethylene glycol. The production capacity of 200000 tons per year.3,Process design basis(1) The design plan descriptions of the undergraduate course graduation class of 2015(2) Huanzhang lu. Petrochemical base data handbook [M]. Beijing: chemical industry press, 1982 (3) S Should WeiYong, cao, ding industry. Carbon chemical products production technology [M]. Beijing: chemical industry press, 2004 (4) Sinopec Shanghai engineering co., LTD. chemical process design manual (fourth edition), chemical industry press, 20094. The design processThis project with coal as raw material for making the syngas, isolated by cryogenic technology CO and H2, because the content of CO and H2 syngas and proportion by the quality of raw coal, the gasification reaction type and operation is larger, the influence of the way of reason in order to meet project requirements to plete the production of supply.Design is divided into five main production section: methyl nitrite regeneration reaction section, CO coupling reaction section, dimethyl oxalate hydrogenation section, ethylene glycol purification section, DMC MeOH separation section. Each section of the main reaction is as follows: (1) Carbonylation reaction section using the esterification reaction distillation technology, needed for the product of CO oxidation coupling methyl nitrite, the main raw material is O2, NO and methanol, inert gas N2 and methanol as raw materials, both for heat exchange with the loop material at the same time, due to the occurrence of adverse events, to add a certain amount of methanol, at the same time, a product of the reaction of H2O, therefore requires the molar content of methanol in more than 98%.2ROH+N2O3→2RONO+H2O (1)(2) CO coupling section with gas phase coupling technique, use of east China university of science and technology research and development of Pd/Al2O3 catalyst activity of catalysts are quite stable, MN conversion rate steady at 80%, DMO selectivity is more than 90%, DMO production rate is more than 3509 / kg/h. Using tubular columns, partition cooling type fixed bed reactor. Tube filling
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