【正文】 靈活結(jié)構(gòu)辦公自動化工作流的實現(xiàn)摘 要辦公自動化(Office Automation，簡稱 OA)一詞從八十年代中期在國內(nèi)提出，十幾年來，辦公自動化從以數(shù)據(jù)為處理中心的傳統(tǒng) MIS 系統(tǒng)發(fā)展為今天以工作流為中心的辦公自動化系統(tǒng),有了長足的進步。然而，在實際的應(yīng)用當(dāng)中，成功的案例卻并不多見。甚至到目前為止，很多單位在辦公自動化建設(shè)過程中，也常常陷入了“信息化陷阱”當(dāng)中。我們經(jīng)常會聽到用戶抱怨開發(fā)者開發(fā)幾年都沒有開發(fā)出一套完善的系統(tǒng)。而開發(fā)者卻抱怨用戶在開發(fā)前提不出明確的需求，在開發(fā)中途又頻頻地改變需求。于是，開發(fā)者便不斷地修改程序，以應(yīng)付不斷變化的需求。從而使 OA 的開發(fā)便陷入了“需求不斷變化、軟件不斷修改、周期不斷延長、效果難以預(yù)料”的尷尬局面。2022 年年底，我供職的包頭市財政信息中心為財政局局里建立了一套NOTES 版本的 C/S 架構(gòu)辦公自動化系統(tǒng)。經(jīng)過兩年的使用，效果并不是很好，主要是很難滿足復(fù)雜的公文流轉(zhuǎn)。因此決定重新開發(fā)一套能夠用以處理其內(nèi)部復(fù)雜繁重的公文處理業(yè)務(wù)的辦公自動化系統(tǒng)，并于 2022 年立項。此項目的總體實施由信息中心統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、協(xié)調(diào)，與清華同方公司共同進行軟件設(shè)計和開發(fā)實現(xiàn)。本人主要負責(zé)設(shè)計和實現(xiàn)軟件中的公文流轉(zhuǎn)的工作流定義。經(jīng)過對我局日常公文處理工作的充分調(diào)研，深入了解了業(yè)務(wù)處理流程、歸納總結(jié)各種需求后提出： 本軟件需要解決的主要內(nèi)容是對靈活結(jié)構(gòu)辦公系統(tǒng)的調(diào)研和開發(fā)，實現(xiàn)用戶對系統(tǒng)的適用性要求，并要求本軟件具有較好的通用性，并通過友好的 Web 界面實現(xiàn)軟件的所有操作。系統(tǒng)通過對關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫的操作實現(xiàn)了對辦公系統(tǒng)的靈活設(shè)置。本文首先1 / 69介紹了靈活辦公自動化系統(tǒng)開發(fā)的背景，接下來對其總體結(jié)構(gòu)、工作流程、工作模式進行了分析、說明，然后主要論述了工作流定義的分析、設(shè)計和實現(xiàn)，最后總結(jié)了開發(fā)軟件中的經(jīng)驗和不足，提出進一步調(diào)整、改進公文流轉(zhuǎn)軟件的一些設(shè)想。關(guān)鍵字：靈活結(jié)構(gòu), B/S 結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng),RBAC,OMG,RADIMPLEMENTATION OF FLEXIBLE STRUCTUREOFFICE AUTOMATION WORKFLOWABSTRACTIn the last decade, Office Automation (OA as the shortened form) has grow dramatically into processflowfocused system since the inception of office automation in china in the middle of 1980s39。 when office automation was widely accepted as MIS focus on data process. But there are few successful pletion of Office Automation in practical scene. Current effort in Office Automation development is struggling with “Information Chaos” .We all frequently heard of customers plaining about technicians who cannot have the system done in a matter of months or even years while engineers object that customers cannot address an definition of requirement in the first stage of requirements analysis, even cannot address it during system implementation the second stage of building an office automation solution. So programmers have to frequently add new technologies to meet customers39。 evolving needs and execution of office automation application is confronted with problemsof ever changing implementation due to rapidly changing needs of customers, extension of timeline, and unpredictable performance of application system.Baotou’s Finance Information Center which I work for set up an office automation system (NOTES Edition) based on C/S for Finance Bureau. This system 3 / 69can’t meet the plicated transfer of document. There is no well effect throughout two year’s use. So we decide to develop a new office automation system which can deal with the plex and heavy document operation and establish project at 2022. This project is led and corresponded by Information Center, designed and developed with Tsinghua TONGFANG Company. I take charge the design and implement of the transfer of document’s Workflow definition.Through the sufficient research of the Bureau’s daily document operation，we conclude all needs and then put forward the main problem which needs this system to solve. It is achieving user’s applicability need, having well currency, and implement all operation via friendly Web interface.Configuring agility to office system e true by operating the relational database. This paper anized as follows: fist part gives the background of flexible structure office system’s development. Then analyses and explains the architecture, work flow, work pattern, discusses the design and implement of Workflow definition and document transmittal. Last part we conclude the experience and shortage of software developing, and propose some imagination for improving the system.KEYWORDS： flexible structure, B/S structure system, RBAC, OMG, RAD目 錄第一章 緒論 ........................................................................................................................................11. 1 引言 ...........................................................................................................................................1 系統(tǒng)開發(fā)的背景和意義 ..........................................................................................................1第二章 靈活結(jié)構(gòu)辦公自動化平臺和工作流概述 ............................................................................4 靈活結(jié)構(gòu)辦公自動化平臺概述 ................................................................................................4 使用靈活結(jié)構(gòu)辦公的原因 ...............................................................................................4 靈活結(jié)構(gòu)辦公自動化的探索 ...........................................................................................5 現(xiàn)有的辦公系統(tǒng)的分析 ......................................................................................................6 系統(tǒng)構(gòu)架設(shè)計基本原則 ...................................................................................................8 工作流概述 ............................................................................................................................10第三章 軟件概論 ..............................................................................................................................12 軟件結(jié)構(gòu)和技術(shù)手段 ............................................................................................................12 軟件特點及軟件環(huán)境 ............................................................................................................14第四章 設(shè)計與實現(xiàn) ........................................................................................................................16 分析與設(shè)計 ..............................................................................................................................16 總體設(shè)計 ............................................................................................................................16 公文流轉(zhuǎn)控制方法 ............................................................................................................21 公文流轉(zhuǎn)流程的設(shè)定 ........................................................................................................22 公文流轉(zhuǎn)的訪問控制 ........................................................................................................32 公文流轉(zhuǎn)的監(jiān)控處理 ............