【正文】 常州機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院 1 第 1 頁 共 54 頁 勤奮、和諧、求實、進(jìn)取 常州機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院 畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 作 者： 學(xué)號： 系 部： 模具技術(shù)系 專 業(yè)： 焊接及其自動化 題 目： 400m3 15CrMoV 球罐焊接工藝設(shè)計 指導(dǎo)者： 評閱者： 2020 年 10 月 常州機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院 2 第 2 頁 共 54 頁 勤奮、和諧、求實、進(jìn)取 畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）中文摘要 摘要 ：本次設(shè)計的 400m3 球罐用于儲存天然氣，其球殼板的材質(zhì)為 15CrMoV，本文對其母材的焊接性作了簡要的分析，并在此基礎(chǔ)上選擇了球罐焊前預(yù)熱的溫度，以及焊接方法和焊接材料。預(yù)熱溫度為 120 到 140℃，焊接方法為焊條電弧焊，焊條為 E5015。 根據(jù)工廠的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)驗和相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定了 400m3 球罐的生產(chǎn)工藝流程。在整個生產(chǎn)過程中，球殼板的壓制成形、球罐的組裝與球罐的焊接屬于生產(chǎn)過程中的重點與難點，在本文中都進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析和論述。 球殼板成形采用局部成形的方法。 球罐組裝分為零部件組裝和整體組裝兩部分整體組裝采用整球組裝的方法，需在現(xiàn)場進(jìn)行。并且根據(jù)球罐上每條焊縫的不同特點，制定了各條焊縫的具體焊接方法，并選擇了焊接工藝參數(shù)。 球罐組裝、焊接之后，需進(jìn)行焊后處理，包括無損檢測，焊后熱處理，以及耐壓力試驗等，本文也都進(jìn)行了簡要的分析和說明，并介紹了相應(yīng)的處理方法和注意事項。 關(guān)鍵詞： 球罐 成形 工裝 焊接工藝 常州機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院 3 第 3 頁 共 54 頁 勤奮、和諧、求實、進(jìn)取 畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）英文摘要 Abstract: The design of the 400m3 spherical container used for store Natural Gas, its spherical shell plate material is 15CrMoV. In this paper, the weldability of the base metal was analysed briefly, and on this foundation, the preheat temperature before the spherical container for welding, the welding process, and the welding material were selected. The preheat temperature is 120~140℃ , the welding process is the shield metal arc welding, the covered electrodes are E5015. The produce technologic course of the 400m3 spherical container was piled according to the experience of the manufacturing plant and related standards. In the entire production process, the press of forming spherical shell plate, the installation and welding of spherical container belong to important and difficult in the production. In this paper, they were carried out a detailed analysis and exposition. The methods of forming the spherical shell plate was part forming. The installation of the spherical container was divided two parts, they are the parts installation and the whole installation, the whole installation use of the entire of the ball installation method, and it should be conducted at the scene. According to the different character of each weld on the spherical container. in this paper, the concrete welding process of every weld was plied, and the welding procedure parameters were chose. After the installation and welding of spherical container. There need to conduct process when welding finished, which include nondestructive testing, postweld heat treatment, and the pressure test, and so on. In the paper, they were conducted a brief analysis and exposition, and were introduced the corresponding resolve methods and attention matters. Key word: Spherical container。 forming。 installation。 welding procedure 常州機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院 4 第 4 頁 共 54 頁 勤奮、和諧、求實、進(jìn)取 目 錄 Key word: Spherical container。 forming。 installation。 welding procedure ........... 3 第一章 引言 .................................................................................................................... 6 球罐的簡介 .......................................................................................................... 6 球罐的分類 .......................................................................................................... 6 第二章 400m315CrMov 球罐結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù) ............................................................................... 8 球罐的主要技術(shù)參數(shù) ........................................................................................... 8 球罐的結(jié)構(gòu)形式 .................................................................................................. 8 球殼板材料 .......................................................................................................... 9 化學(xué)成分與力學(xué)性能 ................................................................................. 9 焊接性分析 ............................................................................................. 10 焊接方法與焊接材料 ............................................................................... 10 第三章 400m3 15CrMoV 球罐材料成形與裝配 .................................................................11 球罐生產(chǎn)工藝流程 .............................................................................................11 球殼板的備料工藝 ............................................................................................ 12 材料的復(fù)驗、入庫 ................................................................................... 12 板材的預(yù)處理 .......................................................................................... 13 球殼板的成形工藝 ............................................................................................ 14 球殼板的排板 .......................................................................................... 14 樣板的制作 ............................................................................................. 15 一次號料與下料 ...................................................................................... 16 球殼板的壓形 .......................................................................................... 17 二次號料與下料 ...................................................................................... 18 球殼板的檢查與修形 ............................................................................... 19 第四章 400m3 15CrMoV 球罐的組裝與焊接 .................................................................... 20 球罐的組裝工藝 ................................................................................................. 20 零部件的組焊 ............................................................................................. 20 整球的組裝 ...........................................................................