【正文】 初中英語詞匯辨析1. clothes, cloth, clothingclothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語動詞永遠是復(fù)數(shù)， cloth指布，為不可數(shù)名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of2. incident, accidentincident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.3. amount, numberamount后接不可數(shù)名詞， number后接可數(shù)名詞 a number of students4. family, house, homehome 家，包括住處和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成員. My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingphoto用照相機拍攝的照片，picture可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing畫的畫Let39。s go and see a good picture.7. vocabulary, wordvocabulary詞匯，一個人擁有的單詞量，word具體的單詞He has a large vocabulary.8. population, peoplepopulation人口，人數(shù)，people具體的人 China has a large population.9. weather, climateweather一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況，climate長期的氣候狀況 The climate here is not good for you.10. road, street, path, wayroad具體的公路，馬路，street街道，path小路，小徑，way道路，途徑take this road。 in the street, show me the way to the museum.11. course, subjectcourse課程（可包括多門科目），subject科目（具體的學(xué)科）a summer course12. custom, habitcustom傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗，也可指生活習(xí)慣，后接to do， habit生活習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣成自然，后接of doing. I39。ve got the habit of drinking a lot.13. cause, reasoncause 指造成某一事實或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late14. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise運動，鍛煉（不可數(shù)），exercises練習(xí)（可數(shù)），practice（反復(fù)做的）練習(xí) Practice makes perfect.15. class, lesson作課解時,. 指班級或全體學(xué)生用class. lesson 6。 class 516. speech, talk, lecturespeech指在公共場所所做的經(jīng)過準備的較正式的演說，talk日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture學(xué)術(shù)性的演講，講課 a series of lecture on…17. officer, officialofficer部隊的軍官，official政府官員 an army officer18. work, job二者均指工作。work不可數(shù)，job可數(shù) a good job19. couple, paircouple主要指人或動物，pair多指由兩部分組成的東西 a pair of trousers20. country, nation, state, landcountry側(cè)重指版圖，疆域，nation指人民，國民，民族，state側(cè)重指政府，政體，land國土，國家 The whole nation was sad at the news.21. cook, cookercook廚師，cooker廚具 He is a good cook.22. damage, damagesdamage不可數(shù)名詞, 損害，損失。 damages復(fù)數(shù)形式, 賠償金 $900 damages23. police, policemanpolice警察的總稱，后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞，policeman 指某個具體的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house.24. problem, questionproblem常和困難連系，前面的動詞常為think about, solve, raise，question常和疑問連系，多和ask, answer連用25. man, a manman人類，a man一個男人 Man will conquer nature.26. chick, chicken二者均可指小雞，chicken還可以當雞肉 The chicken is delicious.27. telegram, telegraph當電報解時，telegram指具體的，telegraph指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph28. trip, journey, travel, voyagetravel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍長的旅途，voyage指海上航行a threeday trip29. sport, gamesport多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等；game指決定勝負的游戲，通常有一套規(guī)則 His favorite sport is swimming.30. price, prizeprice價格，prize獎，獎品，獎金 win the first prize The price is high/low. 31. a number of, the number ofa number of許多，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。the number of…的數(shù)目，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The number of students is increasing.32. in front of, in the front ofin front of范圍外的前面，in the front of范圍內(nèi)的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.33. of the day, of a dayof the day每一天的，當時的，當代的， of a day暫時的，不長久的 a famous scientist of the day34. three of us, the three of usthree of us我們（不止三個）中的三個，the three of us我們?nèi)齻€（就三個人）The three of usTom, Jack and I went to the cinema.35. by bus, on the busby bus表手段，方式，不用冠詞，on the bus表范圍 They went there by bus.36. for a moment, for the momentfor a moment 片刻，一會兒，for the moment暫時，一時 Thinking for a moment, he agreed. 37. next year, the next yearnext year將來時間狀語，the next year過去將來時間狀語 He said he would go abroad the next year.38. more than a year, more than one yearmore than a year一年多，more than one year超過一年（兩年或三年等）39. take advice, take the(one39。s) advicetake advice征求意見，take the advice接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again.40. take air, take the airtake air傳播，走漏，take the air到戶外去，散步 We take the air every day.41. in a word, in wordsin a word總之，一句話， in words口頭上 In a word, you are right.42. in place of, in the place ofin place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.43. in secret, in the secretin secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語；in the secret知道內(nèi)情，知道秘密，一般用作表語 My mother was in the secret from the beginning.44. a girl, one girla girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一個女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box?45. take a chair, take the chairtake a chair相當于sit down坐下，take the chair開始開會46. go to sea, by sea, by the seago to sea當海員，出航，by sea乘船，由海路， by the sea在海邊 go by sea47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacherthe doctor and teacher指一個人，既是醫(yī)生又是老師，the doctor and the teacher兩個人，一個醫(yī)生和一個老師 the doctor and teacher is48. in office, in the officein office在職的，in the office在辦公室里 He is in office, not out of office.49. in bed, on the bedin bed臥在床上，on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.50. in charge of, in the charge ofin charge of管理，負責(zé)照料， in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.51. in class, in