【正文】 物業(yè)管理英語(yǔ)課程PropertyManagement物業(yè)管理英語(yǔ)第一講：PropertyManagementPropertymanagementistheprocessofoverseeingtheoperationandmaintenanceofrealpropertytoachievetheobjectivesofthepropertyowner.Sometimesownersmanagetheirownproperty,particularlysmallpropertiesandparticularlywhentheythemselvesoccupypartofthespace.Butforlargerpropertiesorthosewhoseownersliveatadistance,managementisusuallyperformedbyapaidpropertymanager,eitheranindividualbuildingsonlongtermleases,wheretenantsmaintainthebuilding,paythetaxesandinsurance,andmailtheowneracheckeachmonth.Butmostresidential,office,retail,andmanyindustrialpropertiesofferservicesalongwiththespaceovertime.Propertymanagementhaslongbeenanunderratedfunctionintherealestateindustry.Theneedforprofessionalmanagementdidnotbeeapparentuntilthedepressionofthe1930s,whennumerousforeclosuresrevealedapatternofmanagementdeficiencies.Thisoversightmightseemstrange,sincerunningalargemercialorresidentialprojectinwhichhundredsorthousandsofpeopleresideorworkisahighlychallengingtask,callingfortraining,goodjudgment,varietyoftechnicalskills.Traditionally,however,emphasisintherealestateindustryhasbeenonthesopermanentelementsoftheinvestmentgoodlocation,construction,andreasonablelongtermfinancingthanonthedaytodayoperationoftheproperty.Ithassometimesseemedasifapropertyowner,havingmadeaverylargeinvestmentinthepermanentstructure,assumedthatthepropertywouldrunitselfwithaminimumamountofsupervision.Thisconceptofpropertymanagementhaschangedsubstantiallyinthepastdecade.Inaneraofrisingcosts,ithasdawnedonownersthatgoodpropertymanagementisthemajorcontrollableinfluenceonresidualcashflow(i.e.,thenumberofdollarsthatendupintheowner’spocket).Itistruethatbothrentratesandoperatingexpensesarelargelyshapedbymarketforcesbeyondthecontrolofanyonepropertyowner(witnesstheverysharpriseinenergycostsinthe1970s).Butitisalsotruethatparablepropertieswithinthesamegeographicareaoftenshowsignificantvariancesinrentalineandoperatingcosts.Why?Closeinspectionoftenshowsthat“aboveaverage”operatingexpensesandlowerthanaveragerentlevelsresultfrominadequatepropertymanagement.Theclassicmistakeofthestockandbondinvestormovingintorealestateinvolvesunderestimatingtheimportanceofmanagement.Someinvestorshavethefeelingthatrealestatemanagesitself.Thereisastoryabouttheimportanceofpropertymanagement.ASanFranciscorealestatebrokerrecentlynoticedaprojectthatwasonthemarketfor$1million.Heknewhowthepropertyhadbeenmanagedinthepastandthatthemilliondollarvaluationwasbasedonacapitalizationofhistoricinefigure.Heborrowedmoneytobuytheproperty,renegotiatedcertainleases,andestablishedmoreefficientoperatingprocedures.Insixmonthshesoldthepropertyfor$millionbasedonthecapitalizedvalueofthenew,highernetine.Hiscontributionwasmanagementexpertise.UsefulExpressions:atadistance在遠(yuǎn)處alongwith和，同，與……一道；加之callfor需要；要求ratherthan而不是dawnon開始（被人）理解，漸漸（使人）明白endup結(jié)束，結(jié)尾；停止resultfor由于，是……的結(jié)果bebasedon基于；以……為根據(jù)Notes:1.Propertymanagementistheprocessofoverseeingtheoperationandmaintenanceofrealpropertytoachievetheobjectivesofthepropertyowner.此句中，動(dòng)詞不定式toachievetheobjectivesofthepropertyowner作目的狀語(yǔ)。propertymanagement物業(yè)管理realproperty房產(chǎn)propertyowner業(yè)主2.…orthosewhoseownersliveatadistance,managementisusuallyperformedbyapaidpropertymanager,eitheranindividualoramanagementfirm.此句中，關(guān)系代詞whose在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)，該定語(yǔ)從句修飾指示代詞those.Either…or表示選擇，可以連接兩個(gè)并列的詞、詞組或獨(dú)立分句。在此句中，either…or連接的成分是apaidpropertymanager的同位語(yǔ)，作進(jìn)一步的解釋。3.thereareexceptions…buildings…，wheretenantsmaintainthebuildingonalongtermleases,paythetaxes…。此句中，關(guān)系副詞where在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，由它引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾buildings.onalongtermleases意為“長(zhǎng)期租賃”。4.Propertymanagementhaslongbeenanunderratedfunction…。Long在此句中是副詞，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，underrated是過(guò)去分詞，作function的定語(yǔ)。5.not…until意為“直到……才”。例如：Thebabydidnotgotobeduntilhismothercamebackhome.6.…sincerunningalargemercialorresidentialprojectinwhichhundredsorthousandsofpeopleresideorworkisahighlychallengingtask…。此句中，關(guān)系代詞which在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，由其引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾project,highly修飾challenging,意為“非常地”。ahighlychallengingtask意為“非常具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)”。7.…asifapropertyowner,havingmadeaverylargeinvestmentinthepermanentstructure,assumed…在此句中havingmadeaverylargeinvestmentinthepermanentstructure作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾apropertyowner。該短語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞的完成時(shí)形式，表示其動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。例如：Theidea,havingbeenputforwardbyTim,arousedmuchobjectionamongthestudents.8.inthepastdecade在過(guò)去的十年里9.themajorcontrollableinfluenceonresidualcashflow剩余現(xiàn)金流量的主要可控制的影響因素10.beyondthecontrolofanyonepropertyowner任何業(yè)主都控制不了11.“aboveaverage”operatingexpense超過(guò)一般水平的運(yùn)營(yíng)開銷12.lowerthanaveragerentlevels低于一般租金的租金水準(zhǔn)13.Someinvestorshavethefeelingthatrealestatemanagesitself.此句中，that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句修飾feeling,feeling意為“感覺，預(yù)感”。14.onthemarket(商品)上市15.insixmonths意為“六個(gè)月后”。在有介詞in引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子里，其謂語(yǔ)時(shí)誠(chéng)用將來(lái)時(shí)，例如：Iwillpaythebillinaweek.一個(gè)星期后我付帳。物業(yè)管理英語(yǔ)第二講：PropertiesRequiringManagementThelevelofmanagementapropertyneedsincreaseswiththelevelofservicesandwiththefrequencythattenantsturnover.Someexamplesofddifferentmanagerialresponsibilitiesandproblemsfollow,organizedbytypeofspace.Totheextentthatpropertymanagementinvolvestenantrelations,residentialpropertiespresentthegreatestchallenge.Thespaceleasedbytheresidentialtenantis“home”,wherethetenantandotherfamilymembersspendasubstantialamountoftheirfree