【正文】 ：pensate /5kCmpEnseit/ （補(bǔ)償，賠償）看作+pens+ate，前綴“一起”，pens鋼筆，ate動(dòng)詞后綴，“把鋼筆全都給你”→賠償；名詞形式為pensation /kCmpen5seiFEn/ ←+pens+ation名詞后綴。True tragedy may be defined as a dramatic work in which the outward failure of the principal personage is pensated for by the dignity and greatness of his ：一部劇作，劇中主人公的表面失敗由其人格的高貴偉大予以補(bǔ)償。misfortune /mis5fC:tFEn/ （不幸；災(zāi)難）←mis+fortune，mis否定前綴，fortune（運(yùn)氣；財(cái)產(chǎn)）見2003年Text 3。No misfortune can be as great as the loss of 。misfortune — the gift you receive after you criticize your superior in public 不幸——當(dāng)眾批評(píng)上司后收到的禮物。anticipate /An5tisipeit/ （預(yù)料，期望）即anti+cip+ate，anti前綴“先前的”（如antique→anti+que后綴→古老的；古玩），cip詞根“抓”（參participation，2001年P(guān)assage 1），ate動(dòng)詞后綴，于是“在事情發(fā)生之前就在腦子里將其抓住”→預(yù)料。What we anticipate seldom occurs。 what we lest expected generally ，最預(yù)料不到的事卻往往出現(xiàn)。stepladder /5steplAdE/ （一種通常在頂端有個(gè)小平臺(tái)的活動(dòng)梯子）←step臺(tái)階+ladder梯子。interaction /7intEr5AkFEn/ （互相作用）←inter互相+act作用+ion名詞后綴。It is the interaction of his personality and period that results in the formation of a poser’s ，是其個(gè)性與時(shí)代相互作用的結(jié)果。regulation /re^ju5leiFEn/ （調(diào)整；校準(zhǔn)；規(guī)章）即regul+ation，regul詞根“規(guī)則”=rule（如regular→定期的；規(guī)則的），ation名詞后綴；動(dòng)詞形式為regulate（調(diào)整；校準(zhǔn)；管制）←regul+ate。The use of travelling is to regulate imagination by reality, and instead of thinking how things may be, to see them as they ，目睹事物的本來面目，而非臆想它們可能如何。regulation — the substitution of error for chance 規(guī)則——用錯(cuò)誤代替變化。 defendant /di5fendEnt/ （辯護(hù)的；被告）←defend（防衛(wèi)；辯護(hù)）+ant后綴。I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say ，但我愿誓死捍衛(wèi)你說這話的權(quán)力?！@是18世紀(jì)法國(guó)啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)袖伏爾泰(Voltaire)的名言。remendation /7rekEmen5deiFEn/ （推薦）即re+mend+ation，re反復(fù)，mend稱贊，ation名詞后綴，聯(lián)想記憶：考研輔導(dǎo)班上某名師反復(fù)(re)稱贊(mend)某本輔導(dǎo)書，這一定是不懷好意的“推薦”(remendation)。A good presence is letters of 。guideline /5^aidlain/ （指導(dǎo)方針）←guide+line。 tort /tC:t/ （民事侵權(quán)行為）與torture（；拷問）一起記，“折磨拷問別人是一種民事侵權(quán)行為”。bombard /5bCmbB:d/ （，攻擊）為象聲詞。triviality /trivi5Aliti/ （瑣事）←trivial瑣碎的+ity名詞后綴。In important matters, we expose our best sides。 in trivial matter, we disclose ourselves as we really ，在無(wú)關(guān)緊要的小事中露出自己的本來面目。mention /5menFEn/ （）看作men+tion，“提起了男人”。One measure of friendship consists not in the number of things friends can discuss, but in the number of things they need no longer ，而在于他們無(wú)須再提及的事情的數(shù)量。oblige /E5blaidV/ （，責(zé)成）。My ideal of a picture is that every part of it should oblige the lookeron who has any real sense for a whole to see the ：它的每個(gè)部分都會(huì)促使具有任何真正整體感的觀者去看其余的部分。indifferent /in5difErEnt/ （冷漠的；不積極的）即in+different，in否定前綴，different不同，“無(wú)論怎樣都感覺不到什么不同”→漠不關(guān)心的。The worst sin towards our fellow creatures is not to hate them, but to be indifferent to them。 that’s the essence of ，而是漠不關(guān)心，那是不近人情的本質(zhì)。The true secret of giving advice is, after you have honestly given it, to be perfectly indifferent whether it is taken or not, and never persist in trying to set people ：誠(chéng)心誠(chéng)意地提出之后，就不再關(guān)注它是否被采納，并且決不固執(zhí)己見地要求別人按自己的意見行事。 objective /Eb5dVektiv/ （客觀的；目標(biāo)）去e加ity即為objectivity（客觀性）。After many years I have reached the firm conclusion that it is impossible for any objective newspaperman to be a friend of a ，我得出了這個(gè)堅(jiān)定的結(jié)論：任何客觀的新聞工作者都不可能成為一個(gè)總統(tǒng)的朋友。objectivity — subjectivity, expressed statistically 客觀性——以統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字表達(dá)出來的主觀性。 難句解析：①While warnings are often appropriate and necessary — the dangers of drug interactions, for example — and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn’t clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. ▲在這個(gè)主從復(fù)合句中，前一個(gè)分句是由while引導(dǎo)的讓步從句，這個(gè)從句由兩個(gè)并列句組成，中間用and連接。破折號(hào)之間的部分是舉例說明warnings的內(nèi)容，and后面的many省略了warnings，state與federal共用regulations。主句部分本身也是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，主句用了一個(gè)形式主語(yǔ)it，真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的從句，注意這個(gè)從句中有個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)protect... from...，后面是一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件從句?！魇紫纫盐者@個(gè)句子的主旨，那就是主句中所闡明的warnings對(duì)manufacturers and sellers的保護(hù)作用還很不明朗。注意破折號(hào)之間的部分對(duì)warnings的解釋作用以及it作為形式主語(yǔ)的替代作用。②As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn’t have changed anything.▲在這個(gè)主從復(fù)合句中，前一個(gè)分句是由as引導(dǎo)的伴隨狀語(yǔ)從句，注意這里的claims是個(gè)名詞；主句的時(shí)態(tài)用的是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示的這種狀況正在開始。這個(gè)主句有一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的狀語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)，原因是cases后面跟了一個(gè)where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾cases，這個(gè)定語(yǔ)黑暗版考研英語(yǔ)歷年閱讀真題解析從句的主干是warning label not change anything，解釋的是什么樣的cases?！髦骶湟廊皇亲プ【渥哟笠獾年P(guān)鍵，該句所要表達(dá)的就是some courts beginning to side with defendants，再者要注意cases后面定語(yǔ)從句指出了哪類cases尤為如此。③In May, Julie Nimmons, president of Schutt Sports in Illinois, successfully fought a lawsuit involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while wearing a Schutt helmet.▲這個(gè)句子的主干是... president... successfully fought a lawsuit...。句子的主語(yǔ)是Julie Nimmons，后面逗號(hào)之間的部分是她的職位，賓語(yǔ)部分a lawsuit有一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞involving所引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)，involving的賓語(yǔ)是a football player，后面跟了一個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句中有一個(gè)while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，還原成句子就是while he was wearing a Schutt helmet。找出其中的關(guān)鍵部分：... president of Schutt... successfully fought a lawsuit involving a football player... paralyzed... while wearing a Schutt helmet。④At the same time, the American Law Institute — a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose remendations carry substantial weight — issued new guidelines for tort law stating that panies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones.▲這個(gè)看起來很長(zhǎng)的句子其實(shí)是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，主干是... the... Inst