生物技術(shù)藥物,12。stemcell(已修改)
2025-01-20 02:16 本頁面
【正文】 Stem Cells amp。 Regenerative Medicine ? Transgenic Animals ? Cloning ? Stem Cells amp。 Regenerative Medicine Transgenic Animals Transgenic Animals Outline ? Why develop transgenic animals? ? How are heterologous genes introduced and expressed in animal systems? ? Can animals be cloned? ? What is the current technology in animal transgenesis? ? What are the applications of transgenic animal technology? Transgenic Animals Why? ? Selective breeding has been used over many generations to geically improve animals for desirable traits ? Breeding pure lines is timeconsuming and costly ? Introduction of a new trait into a pure breeding line is difficult ? Limited by naturally occurring traits Transgenic Animal Applications ? Geic engineering of desirable traits ? Rapid creation of pure breeding lines and identical offspring (clones) ? Animal model systems for research in human diseases ? Animal systems as bioreactors for production of heterologous biological molecules (“pharming”) How to Introduce Foreign Genes Basic Strategy ? Inject a cloned gene into the nucleus of a fertilized egg ? Implant the geically engineered egg into a receptive female ? Screen for animals with the gene integrated into their germ line cells ? Selective breeding to establish new geic lines Mouse Trangenesis Methodology ? Retroviral vectors that infect cells of early stage embryos followed by implantation and selective breeding ? Microinjection of DNA into the nucleus of a fertilized egg followed by implantation and selective breeding ? Introduction of geically engineered embryonic stem cells into early stage embryos followed by implantation and selective breeding Mouse Transgenesis Retroviral Vector Method Mouse Transgenesis Retroviral Vector Method ? Efficient mechanism of integrating the transgene into the recipient host cell ? Can transfer only small fragments of geic information ( 8 Kb) ? Random insertion of transgene in host genome ? Potential for retroviral contamination in transgenic animal Mouse Transgenesis Microinjection Method Transgenic animals “ A little bit of this, and a little bit of that?” Mouse Transgenesis Microinjection Method ? Low efficiency of transgenes
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