【正文】 分類號(hào) O29 論文編號(hào) 202140432021 本 科 生 畢 業(yè) 論 文 車道被占用對(duì)城市道路通行能力的影響 姓 名： 院 系： 數(shù)學(xué)科學(xué)學(xué)院 年級(jí)專業(yè)： 2021級(jí)數(shù)學(xué)與應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué) 指導(dǎo)教師： 陸美（講師） 2021 年 5 月 目 錄 摘要 ................................................................................................................................. I Abstract ..........................................................................................................................II 第一章 緒論 .................................................................................................................. 1 研究的背景 .................................................................................................... 1 研究的目的及其現(xiàn)實(shí)意義 ............................................................................ 1 國內(nèi)外研究動(dòng)態(tài) ............................................................................................ 1 本文見解簡(jiǎn)述 ................................................................................................ 2 第二章 建模前期工作和準(zhǔn)備 ...................................................................................... 3 問題內(nèi)容 ........................................................................................................ 3 分析問題 ......................................................................................................... 3 模型假設(shè) ........................................................................................................ 4 符號(hào)說明 ........................................................................................................ 4 第三章 模型建立與求解 .............................................................................................. 5 求解問題一 ..................................................................................................... 5 求解問題二 ..................................................................................................... 8 求解問題三 ..................................................................................................... 8 求解問題四 ................................................................................................... 10 第四章 模型應(yīng)用與改進(jìn) ............................................................................................ 12 參考文獻(xiàn) ...................................................................................................................... 13 致謝 .............................................................................................................................. 14 附錄 .............................................................................................................................. 15 I 摘要 車道被占用是指因交通事故、路邊停車、占道施工等因素，導(dǎo)致車道或道路橫斷面通行能力在單位時(shí)間內(nèi)降低的現(xiàn)象，被占用的情況種類繁多、復(fù)雜，正確估算車道被占用對(duì)城市道路通行能力的影響程度，將為交通管理部門正確引導(dǎo)車輛行駛、審批占道施工、設(shè)計(jì)道路渠化方案、設(shè)置路邊停車位和設(shè)置非港灣式公交車站等提供理論依據(jù)。 針對(duì)問題一 ：對(duì)附件一中的視頻 1進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)采集，將采集的數(shù)據(jù)用 Excel呈現(xiàn)出來，然后利用 MATLAB 軟件對(duì)數(shù)劇進(jìn)行定量分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)定量分析在這里存在缺陷，進(jìn)一步建立如下模型： 31 21 []) (scfQ VtBQ Q v t? ? ? ?? （ ）利用這個(gè)模型可以定性地分析出 交通事故發(fā)生至撤離期間 ,事故所處橫斷面實(shí)際通行能力的變化過程。 針對(duì)問題二：采集視頻 2中的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，利用問題一中建立的模型，觀察視頻 2 中的交通事故發(fā)生至撤離期間 ,事故所處橫斷面實(shí)際通行能力的變化過程，然后利用對(duì)比分析得方法說明同一橫斷面交通 事故所占車道不同對(duì)該橫斷面實(shí)際通行能力影響的差異。 針對(duì)問題三：參照藥物在體內(nèi)的分布與排除模型，利用微分方程的求解原理建立車輛排隊(duì)長(zhǎng)度的指數(shù)模型 6280 .1 4 0 .8 3 0cuQBCt e LL ??? ? ?，分析了長(zhǎng)度與時(shí)間、車流量，道路通行能力之間的關(guān)系。 針對(duì)問題四：利用第三問建立的模型，將相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)代其中，即可算得從事故發(fā)生開始車輛排隊(duì)長(zhǎng)度到達(dá)上游路口經(jīng)過的時(shí)間。 關(guān)鍵詞： 指數(shù)模型 實(shí)際通行能力 車輛排隊(duì)長(zhǎng)度 MATLAB 軟件 興義民族師范學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 II Abstract Lane occupied refers to in a traffic accident, the roadside parking ,roadway takingup factors such as construction ,lead to driveway or road crosssection capacity in unit time to reduce the phenomenon ,by the utilization of various kinds ,plex ,to correctly estimate the lanes occupied the influence degree of the urban road traffic presence of examining and approve construction highly channelizing scheme and design of the road ,roadside parking space and set the bus bay ,busstation ,and so on . In the view of the problem a: video in attachment 11 for data acquisition ,acquisition of data with Excel ,then carries on the quantitative analysis using MATLAB software logarithms series ,found the quantitative analysis of defects in here ,further model are as follows: 31 21 []) (scfQ VtBQ Q v t? ? ? ?? （ ）、 This model can be used to qualitatively analysis of the traffic accident happened to evacuate , accident in the changing process of crosssection actual capacity. For problem 2: collect the relevant data from video 2,question 1is used to establish model ,observation during the video 2 to evacuate the accident ,the accident of crosssectional the changing process of the actual capacity ,and then using the method of parative analysis to illustrate the same crosssectional lane of traffic accident different influence on the transverse section actual capacity difference. For question 3:refer to the distribution of the drug in the body to eliminate model ,the use of differential equation solving principle to establish the index of vehicle queue length model 6280 .1 4 0 .8 3 0cuQBCt e LL ??? ? ? analyses the length and the time ,the number of cars ,the relationship between the traffic capacity. For question 4:the model was established based on the third question ,the related data generation which can calculate since the accident vehicle queue length as the time arrived at the upstream intersection. Keywords: Exponential model The actual capacity Vehicle queue length MATLAB software 興義民族師范學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論