【正文】 （英語）高一英語閱讀理解(社會文化)解題技巧(超強)及練習題(含答案)及解析一、高中英語閱讀理解社會文化類1．閱讀理解 In India, one of the most significant festivals is Diwali, which falls between October and November. It39。s a fiveday celebration that includes good food, fireworks, colored sand, and special candles and lamps. In honor of Lakshmi, the Hindu goddess of wealth, people make special prayers on the first day to obtain blessings for welfare, succcss, and wellbeing. People wele the goddess into their homes by decorating entrances with colorful lanterns and traditional designs. In addition, many people treat themselves to fine jewelry, praying for good fortune. Those who cannot afford so much, seek out cheaper items such as clothes or household goods. The second day of the festival is called Kali Chaudas. For some, the day provides an opportunity to drive away misfortune from homes and businesses. They decorate their homes with clay lamps and create design patterns called rangoli on the floor using colored powder or sand. The third day is when the biggest celebrations occur, which begin early in the morning with a visit to a temple to seek the blessings of the goddess. As the sun sets, festival observers light up their homes with small lamps and enjoy delicious traditional foods with their loved ones. The festival39。s fourth day is celebrated in many different ways. Friends and relatives visit with gifts, sweets and best wishes for the season. And the final day of the festival is called Bhai Oooj It honors the close bond between brothers and sisters and is observed with traditional ceremonies and more delicious food. For children in India, Diwali is similar to Christmas. They get all entire week off from school and are treated to gifts, new clothes, amazing food, and, in the past at least, a large number of fireworks. It is no wonder that the festival ranks high among the country39。s favorite celebrations.（1）People celebrate the first day of Diwali mainly for______. fortune. lanterns jewelry designs（2）What39。s the probable purpose of creating rangoli on the floor? design traditional patterns. produce colored powder or sand. help get rid of bad luck. produce an opportunity in business.（3）What is a man likely to do on the last day of the festival? gifts and best wishes with his loved ones. busy decorating his home during the day. together with his sisters and brothers. up his home with small lamps.（4）Which of the following may not be a reason for children39。s love of Diwali? a week off. Christmas gifts. amazing food. off fireworks.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了印度最重要的節(jié)日之一——排燈節(jié)。 （1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“In honor of Lakshmi，the Hindu goddess of wealth，people make special prayers on the first day to obtain blessings for welfare，succcss，and wellbeing.”印度人慶祝排燈節(jié)第一天是為了獲得生活，成功，為人方面的好運。故選A。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“For some，the day provides an opportunity to drive away misfortune from homes and businesses. They decorate their homes with clay lamps and create design patterns called rangoli on the floor using colored powder or sand. ”在排燈節(jié)為了驅(qū)散家里和生意的霉運，印度人會在地上用彩色粉或沙子創(chuàng)造出rangoli形狀。故選C。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“And the final day of the festival is called Bhai Oooj. It honors the close bond between brothers and sisters and is observed with traditional ceremonies and more delicious food. ”排燈節(jié)最后一天是紀念兄弟姐妹親密紐帶的日子。可知這天男子會和自己的兄弟姐妹在一起。故選C。 （4）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“For children in India，Diwali is similar to Christmas. They get all entire week off from school and are treated to gifts，new clothes，amazing food，and，in the past at least，a large number of fireworks. It is no wonder that the festival ranks high among the country39。s favorite celebrations.”印度孩子們喜歡排燈節(jié)因 為他們可以放假一周，吃美味食物，還有大量煙花，沒有說收到圣誕節(jié)禮物。故選B。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解 A PG13 rating is a stricter warning by the Rating Board to parents to determine whether their children under age 13 should view the film. A PG13 film may go beyond the PG rating in theme, violence, nudity (裸露), language, adult activities or other elements, but does not reach the restricted R category. The theme of the film by itself will not result in a rating greater than PG13, although activities shown in the film related to a mature theme may result in a restricted rating for the film. Any drug use will initially require at least a PG13 rating. More than brief nudity will require at least a PG13 rating, but such nudity in PG13 rated film generally will not be sexually oriented. There may be violence scene in a PG13 movie, but generally not both realistic and extreme or persistent violence. A single use of one of the rude words in a film, though only as an expletive (感嘆語), initially requires at least a PG13 rating. More than one such bad word requires an R rating, as must even one of those words used in a sexual context. The Rating Board nevertheless may rate such a film PG13 if, based on a special vote by a twothirds majority, the Raters feel that most American parents would believe that a PG13 rating is appropriate because of the context or manner in which the words are used or because the use of those words in the film is easily neglected.（1）What is the main goal of this passage? discuss various movie ratings. explain various movie ratings. explain the difference between PG13 and R movie ratings. explain the PG13 movie rating.（2）According to PG13 rating, the theme of the movie __________. little impact on its rating a large impact on its rating be entertaining be suitable for children（3）From Paragraph 2, we can learn that drug usage __________. not be allowed in movies dangerous a PG13 rating necessary not appropriate for children under 13（4）What does a movie with two or more uses of bad words require? PG rating. PG13 rating. R rating. NC17 rating.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）C（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。PG13級是電影分級委員會對家長發(fā)出的更嚴格的警告，目的是決定13歲以下的孩子是否應該看這部電影。文章介紹了PG13電影分級。 （1）考查推理判斷?？v觀全文可知，本文從主題、暴力、裸體、語言、成人活動方面解釋了PG13的電影分級。全文目的在于解釋PG13。故選D。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“The theme of the film by itself will not result in a rating greater than PG13, although activities shown in the film related to a mature theme may result in a restricted rating for the film.”，電影的主題本身不會導致評級大于PG13，盡管在電影中出現(xiàn)的與成熟主題相關的活動可能會導致對電影的限制評級。此可知，電影的主題對PG13評級影響不大。故選A。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Any drug use will initially require at least a