【正文】 . Yet, they like games that depend a lot on luck, so that their personal abilities cannot be directly pared. They also enjoyed games that move in stages, in which each stage, the choosing of leaders, the pickingup of sides, or the determining of which side shall start, is almost a game in itself. Grownups can hardly find children39。s game exciting, and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play such simple game again and again. However, it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinary afraid. He bees a leader when it es to his turn. He can be confident, too, in particular games, that it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a ball actually at someone, or to kiss someone he has caught. It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation under their control. Everyone knows the rules, and more importantly, everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that every child has a chance to win.（1）What is true about children when they play games? A.They can stop playing any time they like.B.They can test their personal abilities.C.They want to pick a better team.D.They don39。t need rules.（2）To bee a leader in a game the child has to _________. A.be a useful partnerB.wait for his turnC.be confident in himselfD.be popular among his playmates（3）Why does a child like playing games? A.Because he can be someone other than himself.B.Because he can bee popular among friends.C.Because he finds he is always lucky in games.D.Because he likes the place where he plays a game.（4）Which is the best title for this passage? A.Rules in Children39。s GamesB.Advantages of Playing Games for ChildrenC.Reasons for Children39。s GamesD.How to Be a Popular Game Player【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了孩子們在玩游戲時有自己的游戲規(guī)則，他們很少需要裁判，很少去記分．他們喜歡玩取決于運氣的游戲，這樣他們的個人能力就不能直接進行比較了．但是，成年人很難發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們的游戲令人興奮，他們常常對孩子們反復玩這么簡單的游戲感到困惑。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Children have their own rules in playing games．Theyseldom need a referee（裁判） and rarely trouble to keep scores．”可知，介紹了孩子們玩游戲的一些特點，比如孩子的游戲有自己的規(guī)則，也不需要裁判，而且可以隨時結(jié)束，故選A。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“He bees a leader when it es to his turn”可知，當輪到他時，他就成了領(lǐng)袖．所以要成為一個游戲的領(lǐng)導者，孩子必須等待輪到他才行，故選B。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person，and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinarily afraid．”可知孩子們喜歡玩游戲的重要原因之一是他們可以在游戲中假裝成別人，選A。 （4）考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，游戲在孩子們的生活中是必不可少的．他們無需裁判，也很少計分，他們甚至不在乎輸贏．盡管在成年人眼里這些游戲非常簡單，枯燥．但是孩子們對此卻是樂此不疲．作者認為通過游戲，孩子們學會了遵守規(guī)則，可知選B。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 There39。s a world of difference between a horror movie and a edy—the former scares you half to death while the latter leaves you rolling on the floor with laughter. But try watching them without the background music and you just might decide they39。re not so different after all. Music and movies have been closely connected since the beginning of the film industry—even before the voices of actors were recorded. In movies, music helps to provide a sense of time and place, convey ideas about the characters and, most importantly, draw emotions out of the audience. Studies have long shown that our heart rates and anxiety levels rise and fall depending on the speed of the music we hear. Using this knowledge, posers use sudden changes in film music speed to create fear among audiences. Slowing the speed of the music will have the opposite effect, bringing about a sense of peace or a dreamlike quality. The use of dissonant (不和諧的) tones and noises is another technique that heightens tension. Humans naturally bee unnerved when we hear dissonant sounds because such noises are usually associated with danger, like those that animals make to warn against predators (捕食者). As crucial as it is, the best film music is subtle. All that audiences are supposed to feel is a heightened sense of emotion—they shouldn39。t realize what39。s causing it. Only when the music is taken out of the film should audiences understand its effects. In keeping with this principle, some filmmakers are even using what39。s called infrasound (次聲波) to arouse fear. While we may not be able to hear it because its frequency is below the range of the human ear, infrasound has been proven to cause anxiety, tremble and even sorrow. For example, infrasound was used in the soundtrack of the 2007 horror movie Paranormal Activity, and audiences reposed extremely high fear levels despite the 1ack of action throughout the movie. It doesn39。t affect everyone equally, said British science writer Philip Ball, author of The Music Instinct, but he predicted that we will see more of it used in movies in the future.（1）What is the difference between a horror movie and a edy? A.Their history.B.Their background music.C.Their actors.D.Their time and place.（2）What causes fear among audiences? A.The theme of the music.B.The slow speed of the tangle.C.The knowledge of the music.D.The unexpected change of the music.（3）What does the underlined word subtle in the third paragraph mean? A.GentleB.Wonderful