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初二年級下學期語法總結-文庫吧

2024-11-04 02:01 本頁面


【正文】 給別人提出建議和意見Why don’t you do sth.?為什么不做某事呢?表示商量或給對方的建議,否定式疑問顯得更委婉,更容易為對方所接受。通常也可以用Why not do sth.?來表達。如:How about a scarf? 一條圍巾怎么樣? How about?? =What about?? ??怎么樣? 提出一種可能性,詢問對方意見。十、語法點撥——反意疑問句The pictures are beautiful, aren’t they? Yes, they ’s a nice day, isn’t it? Yes, it like sports, don’t you? Yes, I looks like rain, doesn’t it? No, it doesn’,為了可靠或出于禮貌發(fā)問,以求得確切答案,稱為反意疑問句。反意疑問句由兩個部分組成:陳述句+附加疑問句。第二篇:初二年級下學期語法總結初二年級下學期語法總結 一.一般將來時表示一般將來時在八年級中我們已經學習了以下幾種表現形式: 1.用現在進行時表將來時(表示按計劃安排要發(fā)生的事件。)What are you doing this weekend? I’m playing soccer with you visiting the aquarium tomorrow? Yes, we .用be going to do表將來時(表示明確的打算或用來表示必然,很可能發(fā)生的事或自然現象。)It is going to rain this ’re going to have a new subject this .用will do表示將來時(表示單純的將來概念或表示“意愿”。)I will see you you please open the door?二.交際用語——尋求/提出建議 Ask for advice 尋求建議(1)What shall I do?(2)Can you help me?/Can you give me a hand?(3)What should he do?(4)Could you give me some advice?(a piece of advice, some pieces of advice)Give suggestions 提出建議(1)You should say you are sorry.(2)You could write him a letter.(3)They shouldn’t argue.(4)Maybe you should call him up.(5)I think Evin should tell her friend to get different clothes.(6)Why don’t you tell him the truth?(7)Why not borrow one?(8)Let’s go shopping.(9)Shall we play soccer?(10)How about /What about seeing a movie?(11)You’d better not go out now.(12)It’s best to wear warm 、語法點撥—過去進行時的用法1.過去進行時的構成:動詞be的過去式was /were+動詞的現在分詞構成。(1)過去進行時的否定式是在動詞be后加not構成。例如: He wasn’t watching TV when his mother came 。We weren’t playing basketball when he 。(2)過去進行時的疑問句是將動詞be(were, was)移至句首。例如: Were you playing the puter games at 10 last night? 昨天晚上10點你在玩電腦游戲嗎?Was your brother doing his homework at this time yesterday? 你哥哥昨天這個時候在做作業(yè)嗎? 注意:①I was 不能縮寫成I’s。They were, We were不能縮寫成They’ere, We’ere②有些表示感情知覺和狀態(tài)的動詞一般不用于進行時態(tài),如:see, hear, love, like,know, remember, understand,have等。2.過去進行時的用法:表示在過去某一時間內正在進行的動作。例如: I was watching TV at that 。He was cooking at 12 o’clock 。When I came in, she was writing a 。The students were talking about the movie when the teacher came 。3.過去進行時還可以用來表示在過去某階段正在進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。例如: They were waiting for you 。He was studying in a middle school at that 。4.過去進行時行時與一般過去時的區(qū)別:過去進行時表示在過去某時間里正在進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài),一般過去時則表示一個發(fā)生在過去的動作或狀態(tài),一般說來該動作已完成。例如: They were writing a letter to their penpals last night.(表示他們在昨晚某時刻正在做的動作,但不強調信是否寫完)They wrote a letter yesterday.(表示一個完整的動作)辨析:when與while(1)when adv.(關系副詞)當??時;(疑問副詞)什么時候,何時 When will he e? 他什么時候來?It was raining when they 。We’ll start when the team leader ,我們就出發(fā)。(2)while ??的時候,和??同時 While he was eating, I asked him to lend me $ ,我請他借給我2美元。when=at that time 當??的時候,其動作可以是延續(xù)性動作,也可以是瞬間的動作。 I came in, he was I was a child, I liked soccer very =during the time that?在??期間,與其連用的動作通常是延續(xù)性的動作,不與瞬間的動詞連用(其引導的從句通常用過去進行時)。While her children were doing their homework, she was doing some ,她在做家務活。While the students were reading the new words, the teacher walked around in the 、語法點撥——直接引語與間接引語(Direct speech and Indirect Speech)1.直接引語與間接引語當我們引用別人的話時,我們可以用別人的原話,也可以用自己的話把意思轉述出來。如果是引用原話,被引用的部分被稱為直接引語(Direct Speech)。如果轉述別人的話,就被稱為間接引語(Indirect Speech) said,“I’m not going to her house on Friday night.”(直接引語)Lana said(that)she was not going to her house on Friday night.(間接引語)直接賓語通常都用引號“”括起來,間接引語多數情況下都構成一個賓語從句。如果引用的句子原來是個陳述句,我們在間接引語中就要注意以下幾點:(1)在引語的開頭用連詞that:(2)根據句意改變人稱:(3)注意引語中的謂語與主句的謂語在時態(tài)上的一致:※這個句子中因為有明顯的過去時間狀語,可以不改。(4)根據句意將指示代詞、地點、時間狀語等作必要的改動:一般情況下,通常有以下的變化:在直接引語中 在間接引語中指示代詞 this these that those表時間的詞 now todaythis week(month, etc)yesterdaylast week(month, etc)three days(a year etc)ago tomorrownext week(month, etc)then that daythat week(month, etc)the day beforethe week(month etc)before three days(a year, etc)before the next(fallowing)day the next(following)week表地點的詞 here there動詞 e bring go take2.當直接引語為一般疑問句時,間接引語由if或whether引導。其人稱、時態(tài)、時間狀語、地點狀語等的變化與陳述句的變化相同,另還要注意將疑問句的語序變成陳述句?!谶@種情況下,通常將say改成ask,在后面可以加上一個間接賓語(me, him, us等)。3.當直接引語為特殊疑問句時,將其改成由原來的特殊疑問詞引導的賓語從句,將其語序改變成陳述句的語序。(其它變化與前面的兩種句型相同。)4.當直接引語為祈使句時,我們通常用一個簡單句來轉述,這個請求或命令通常由一個復合賓語來表示;其動詞通常用tell, ask, order等。五.if引導的條件狀語從句:If you go to the party,you’ll have a great 。主句用將來時或含有情態(tài)動詞的句子,從句的將來時用現在時表示。如:If you study hard, you can pass the ,你就能通過考試的。If you wait a minute, I shall go and find ,我就去把他找來。if引導的條件狀語從句是本單元的重點語法項目,也是中考的考點,請同學們多加注意。六、語法點撥——現在完成進行時 ※構成:have/has+been+現在分詞※用法:用來表示某一動作在過去開始,一直延續(xù)到現在,有可能剛剛結束,也有可能還要繼續(xù)下去。※與其連用的時間狀語:現在完成進行時常與for 2 hours, since 1
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