【正文】 ovement 顧客的需要在變化customer requirements are changing社會(huì)在進(jìn)步the society is progressing技術(shù)在發(fā)展technology is development競爭對手不斷增強(qiáng)petition is increasingFormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining品質(zhì)改進(jìn)的層面quality improvement interface高層的品質(zhì)改進(jìn)項(xiàng)目senior management quality improvement projects管理上決策問題及技術(shù)上的設(shè)計(jì)問題management decisions and technical design problemsFormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining品質(zhì)改進(jìn)的層面quality improvement interface中層的品質(zhì)改進(jìn)問題middle management quality improvement projects方針目標(biāo)的落實(shí)、策略上制定及指導(dǎo)和組織改進(jìn)的進(jìn)行充分發(fā)揮資源整體的效用quality policy and objectives planning, implementation preparation and instruction, overall effective deployment of resourcesFormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining品質(zhì)改進(jìn)的層面quality improvement interface基層的品質(zhì)改進(jìn)問題front level quality improvement projects操作層的改進(jìn)，重點(diǎn)是提高過程實(shí)現(xiàn)的產(chǎn)品及日常工作品質(zhì)shopfloor level improvements, focus at process improvement and daily quality work FormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining改進(jìn)的目標(biāo)The objective of quality improvementQUALITY 提升品質(zhì)COSTING 降低成本DELIVERY 準(zhǔn)時(shí)交付SERVICE 優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)MANAGEMENT 有效管理FormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining品質(zhì)改善目標(biāo)的準(zhǔn)則A guide to quality improvement objective S (Specific) : 目標(biāo)明確M(Measurable) : 目標(biāo)可量性A (Attainable) : 目標(biāo)經(jīng)努力可達(dá)成 R (Relevant) : 目標(biāo)需具價(jià)值性T (Time Table) : 目標(biāo)需以時(shí)間衡量 結(jié)果FormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining持續(xù)改進(jìn)的對象Continual improvement Objects MAN 人員 MACHINE 設(shè)備 MATERIAL 物料 METHOD 方法 ENVIRONMENT 環(huán)境 FormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining3M 與 3K3M and 3KMUDA 無馱 (浪費(fèi) )MURA 無穩(wěn) (不規(guī)則 )MURI 無理 (過勞性 )Gemba kaizen checkpoints改善現(xiàn)場的查核點(diǎn)FormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining3M 與 3K3M and 3KKIKEN 危險(xiǎn)KITANAI 髒污KITSUI 勞累mon faults are the reverse of ideal現(xiàn)場慣見現(xiàn)象，是理想現(xiàn)場的反面The Step Of QIT QIT 的步驟管理循環(huán)管理循環(huán) –持續(xù)改進(jìn)持續(xù)改進(jìn)managementcyclecontinualimproving行動(dòng)Action計(jì)劃Plan執(zhí)行Do檢討CheckDEMING CYCLE 戴明循環(huán)圖戴明循環(huán)圖行動(dòng)Action計(jì)劃Plan執(zhí)行Do檢討Check行動(dòng)Action計(jì)劃Plan執(zhí)行Do檢討CheckPDCA 四個(gè)階段，八個(gè)步驟4 stages 8 steps P 分析現(xiàn)狀找出問題analysis分析產(chǎn)生問題的原因find causes找出主要原因find root causes制定計(jì)劃擬定措施plan and scheduleD執(zhí)行計(jì)劃、實(shí)施措施執(zhí)行計(jì)劃、實(shí)施措施implementC 檢查工作、檢查工作、調(diào)查效果調(diào)查效果check, inspectA 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化standardize穩(wěn)固成績穩(wěn)固成績ensure results遺留問題遺留問題next problem轉(zhuǎn)到下期轉(zhuǎn)到下期go to next stageFormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining品質(zhì)改善專案法quality improvement task force method團(tuán)隊(duì)選定 select team現(xiàn)況調(diào)查 check present status現(xiàn)況分析 analysis題案確定 define project要因分析 causeandeffect analysis制定日程表 scheduling方案實(shí)施 implement結(jié)果跟進(jìn) followup標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 standardize尋找改善的根源find sources of improvement自我的突破self breakthroughFormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining改善的原則principles of improvement管理突破原則the breakthrough principle:對舊的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)水平作出衡量，從而追求較 高的品質(zhì)水平要求measure the existing standard level, pursue higher standard level?FormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining改善的原則principles of improvement過程原則process principle品質(zhì)改進(jìn)可以是全過程或某一過程的改進(jìn)，目的在追求更高過程效益及效率quality improvement can be whole series of processes or any one process. Aiming at higher efficiency and effectiveness FormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining改善的原則principles of improvement預(yù)防原則the principle of prevention 品質(zhì)改進(jìn)應(yīng)致力經(jīng)常性尋找改進(jìn)機(jī)會(huì)，而不只是等待問題暴露再去找機(jī)遇，預(yù)防及糾正措施是品質(zhì)改進(jìn)的關(guān)鍵問題quality improvement is continual looking for opportunities to improve, not to wait until problems surfaced. Corrective and preventive actions are criticalFormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining尋根方法 QC 七工具Getting to the root QC seven tools現(xiàn)場問題，現(xiàn)場解決 Gemba problem, Gemba solve實(shí)例分析 case anlaysis收集數(shù)據(jù) data collection以七工具分析 analysis by 7 tools訂立解決方案 plan the solutionFormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTrainingQC 七工具 (計(jì)算及實(shí)踐 )7tools(calculate and implement)典型流程standard flowFormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTrainingQC 七工具 7tools特性characteristics簡單易用 (管制圖除外 )simple(except control chart) 特別合用於現(xiàn)場改善very suitable for gemba kaizen主要用於處理數(shù)值資料 (魚骨圖除外 )mainly used in handling nume