【正文】 here the subjectmatter insured is mortgaged, the mortgagor has an insurable interest in the full value thereof, and the mortgagee has an insurable interest in respect of any sum due or to bee due under the mortgage. (2) A mortgagee, consignee, or other person having an interest in the subjectmatter insured may insure on behalf and for the benefit of other persons interested as well as for his own benefit. (3) The owner of insurable property has an insurable interest in respect of the full value thereof, notwithstanding that some third person may have agreed, or be liable, to indemnify him in case of loss. 14．（1）在保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的被抵押之場合，抵押人對抵押物的全部價(jià)值有保險(xiǎn)利益，而抵押權(quán)人對抵押貸款合同下其所付的或應(yīng)付的有關(guān)金額有保險(xiǎn)利益。 （2）抵押權(quán)人、收貨人或?qū)ΡｋU(xiǎn)標(biāo)的有利益的其他人，除為了自已的利益外，得代表和為其他有利害關(guān)系的人的利益進(jìn)行保險(xiǎn)。 （3）盡管在發(fā)生損失的情況下，某些第三者可能已同意或有義務(wù)賠償其損失，保險(xiǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)的所有人對其財(cái)產(chǎn)的全部價(jià)值有保險(xiǎn)利益。 第15條 利益轉(zhuǎn)讓（Assignment of interest） 15．Where the assured assigns or otherwise parts with his interest in the subjectmatter insured, he does not thereby transfer to the assignee his rights under the contract of insurance, unless there be an express or implied agreement with the assignee to that effect. But the provisions of this section do not affect a transmission of interest by operation of law. 15．被保險(xiǎn)人若轉(zhuǎn)讓或以其他方式放棄其保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的利益，他并不因此將其保險(xiǎn)合同下的權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)讓給受讓人，除非與受讓人訂有轉(zhuǎn)讓保險(xiǎn)權(quán)益的明示或默示協(xié)議。 但本條規(guī)定不影響因?qū)嵤┓啥l(fā)生的利益轉(zhuǎn)讓。 保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值（Insurable Value） 第16條 保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值的確定（Measure of insurable value） 16. Subject to any express provision or valuation in the policy, the insurable value of the subjectmatter insured must be ascertained as follows: (1) In insurance on ship, the insurable value is the value at the mencement of the risk, of the ship, including her outfit, provisions and stores for the officers and crew, money advanced for seamen’s wages, and other disbursements (if any) incurred to make the ship fit for the voyage or adventure contemplated by the policy, plus the charges of insurance upon the whole: The insurable value, in the case of a steamship, includes also the machinery, boilers, and coals and engine stores if owned by the assured, and, in the case of a ship engaged in a special trade, the ordinary fittings requisite for that trade: (2) In insurance on freight, whether paid in advance or otherwise, the insurable value is the gross amount of the freight at the risk of the assured, plus the charges of insurance: (3) In insurance on goods or merchandise, the insurable value is the prime cost of the property insured, plus the expenses of and incidental to shipping and the charges of insurance upon the whole: (4) In insurance on any other subjectmatter, the insurable value is the amount at the risk of the assured when the policy attaches, plus the charges of insurance. 16．除保險(xiǎn)單的明文規(guī)定或定值外，保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值，必須按下列規(guī)定確定： （1）在船舶保險(xiǎn)中，保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值是風(fēng)險(xiǎn)開始時(shí)的船舶價(jià)值，包括船舶的裝備、全體船員的食物與其他物料、預(yù)付給船員的工資以及為使船舶適合航行于保險(xiǎn)單載明的航程或海上冒險(xiǎn)所可能產(chǎn)生的其他墊付費(fèi)用加上全部保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用。 對蒸汽機(jī)船舶，船舶的保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值還應(yīng)包括機(jī)器、鍋爐、被保險(xiǎn)人擁有的燃料煤和機(jī)艙物料，而如果船舶用于特殊貿(mào)易，則還需包括適合該貿(mào)易的通常裝備。 （2）在運(yùn)費(fèi)保險(xiǎn)中，無論運(yùn)費(fèi)是否預(yù)付，保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值是指被保險(xiǎn)人處于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)中的總運(yùn)費(fèi)加上保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)。 （3）在貨物或商品保險(xiǎn)中，保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值是該保險(xiǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)的成本價(jià)格，加上海運(yùn)費(fèi)和與海運(yùn)有關(guān)的費(fèi)用，及全部海運(yùn)過程中的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用。 （4）在其他保險(xiǎn)中，保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值是保險(xiǎn)單生效時(shí)被保險(xiǎn)人處于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)中的金額加上保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用。 告知和陳述（Disclosure and Representation） 第17條 保險(xiǎn)是最大誠信（Insurance is uberrimae fidei） 17．A contract of marine insurance is a contract based upon the utmost good faith and, if the utmost good faith be not observed by either party, the contract may be avoided by the other party. 17．海上保險(xiǎn)合同是建立在最大誠信基礎(chǔ)上的合同，如果任何一方不遵守最大誠信，他方可以撤消該合同。 第18條 被保險(xiǎn)人的告知（Disclosure by assured） 18.(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, the assured must disclose to the insurer, before the contract is concluded, every material circumstance which is known to the assured, and the assured is deemed to know every circumstance which, in the ordinary course of business, ought to be known by him. If the assured fails to make such disclosure, the insurer may avoid the contract. (2) Every circumstance is material, which would influence the judgment of a prudent insurer in fixing the premium, or determining whether he will take the risk. (3) In the absence of inquiry the following circumstances need not be disclosed, namely: (a) Any circumstance which diminishes the risks。 (b) Any circumstance which is known or presumed to be known to the insurer. The insurer is presumed to know matters of mon notoriety or knowledge, and matters which an insurer in the ordinary course of his business, as such, ought to know。 (c) Any circumstance as to which information is waived by the insurer。 (d) Any circumstance which it is superfluous to disclose by reason of any express or implied warranty. (4) Whether any particular circumstance, which is not disclosed, be material or not is, in each case, a question of fact. (5) The term “circumstance” includes any munication made to, or information received by, the assured. 18.(1)根據(jù)本條的規(guī)定，在訂立合同前，被保險(xiǎn)人必須向保險(xiǎn)人告知其所知的一切重要情況。被保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)視為知道在通常業(yè)務(wù)過程中他應(yīng)當(dāng)知曉的每一情況。若被保險(xiǎn)人未作此種告知，保險(xiǎn)人可以撤消合同。 (2) 影響謹(jǐn)慎的保險(xiǎn)人確定保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)的決定或決定是否承保該項(xiàng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的每一情況，即屬重要情況。 (3) 對下列情況如果保險(xiǎn)人未問及，被保險(xiǎn)人無需告知： (a) 減少風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的任何情況； (b) 保險(xiǎn)人知道或被認(rèn)為應(yīng)該知道的情況；保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)該知曉眾所周知的事情，以及他在通常業(yè)務(wù)中應(yīng)該知曉的一般情況； (c) 保險(xiǎn)人不要求被保險(xiǎn)人告知的情況； (d) 由于明文或默示的保證條款，被保險(xiǎn)人無需告知的事項(xiàng)。 (4) 在每一案件中，未告知的任何特別情況是否重要，屬事實(shí)問題。 (5) “情況”一詞包括送給被保險(xiǎn)人的通知和其收到的消息。 第19條 投保代理人的告知（Disclosure by agent effecting insurance） 19．Subject to the provisions of the preceding section as to circumstances which need not be disclosed where an insurance is effected for the assured by an agent, the agent must disclose to the insurer (a) Every material circumstance which is known to himself, and an agent to insure is deemed to know every circumstance which in the ordinary course of business ought to be known by, or to have been municated to, him。 and (b) Every material circumstance which the assured is bound to disclose, unless it came to his knowledge too late to municate it to the agent. ,除按前條各款規(guī)定無需告知的各有關(guān)事項(xiàng)外,該代理人必須向保險(xiǎn)人告知: (a) 他所知道的每一重要情況,保險(xiǎn)代理人視為知曉其在通常業(yè)務(wù)中應(yīng)當(dāng)知曉或被保險(xiǎn)人已通知他的每一情況。 (b) 及被保險(xiǎn)人有義務(wù)告知的每一重要情況,除非他得知該情況過遲,無法及時(shí)通知該代理人. 第20條 協(xié)商合同時(shí)的陳述（Repres