【正文】 證明），refuse（拒絕），resolve（解決），seem（覺得好像），swear（發(fā)誓），tend（往往會），threaten（預(yù)示），undertake（承諾），volunteer（自愿做），vow（發(fā)誓），want（想要），wish（希望）舉例：The driver failed to see the other car in time.司機沒能及時看見另一輛車。I happen to know the answer to your question.我碰巧知道你那道問題的答案。2） 動詞+疑問詞+不定式decide,know,consider forget,learn,remember,show,understand,see,wonder,hear,find out,explain,tellPlease show us how to do that. 請演示給我們?nèi)绾稳プ觥here are so many kinds of taperecorders on sale that I can39。t make up my mind which to ，我都拿不定主意買哪一種。注意：疑問詞帶不定式在句中作成分時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The question is how to put it into practice.問題是怎樣把它付諸實施。3)當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語中的賓語是不定式時，先用形式賓語it代替不定式，把不定式置于補語之后，即：主語+動詞+it+補語+to do句式。如：We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.He feels it his duty to help the poor.I find it difficult to learn English well.作補語1) 動詞+賓語+不定式(to do)常見動詞：advise，allow，believe，cause，challenge，pel，declare，encourage，forbid，force，　find，hire，induce，instruct，invite，like，order，permit，persuade，remind，request，require，select，send，suppose，tell，train，urge例句：a.　Father will not allow us to play on the street.父親不讓我們在街上玩耍。b.　We believe him to be guilty.我們相信他是有罪的。2) to + be 的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，作補語的動詞。常見動詞：Acknowledge,　believe,　consider,　think,　declare(聲稱),　discover, fancy(設(shè)想),　feel,　find,　guess,　judge,　imagine,　know,　prove,　see(理解), show,　suppose,　take(以為),　understandWe consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.我們認(rèn)為湯姆是班上最好的學(xué)生之一。3) to be +形容詞常見動詞：Seem,　appear,　be said,　be supposed,　be believed,　be thought,　be known,　be reported,　hope, wish,　desire,　want,　plan,　expect,　mean…The book is believed to be uninteresting.人們認(rèn)為這本書沒什么意思。4)　there be+不定式常見動詞：believe,expect,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,want,wish,undrstandWe didn39。t expect there to be so many people 。有些動詞需用as 短語做補語，如regard,think believe,take,consider.We regard Tom as our best teacher.　我們認(rèn)為湯姆是我們最好的老師。Mary took him as her father .　瑪麗把他當(dāng)作自己的父親。5)禿頭不定式作補語禿頭不定式， 即不帶“to”的不定式，其語法功能一般在句子中作賓語的補語（賓語補足語）。用禿頭不定式作賓語補足語的常用動詞如下：口訣：“五看、三使役“，“兩聽、一感”要記住，若是“賓補”變“主補”，主補“to”字不能無。動詞let屬例外，其賓補/主補“to”均無。說明：五看see/watch/notice/observe/look at；三使役have/make/let；兩聽hear/listen to；一感feel。例句：I often see him go to school on foot.(禿頭不定式作賓語補足語) He is often seen to go to school on foot.(不定式作主語補足語，要帶“to”) Let him try He is let try again.(let的主補與賓補均用禿頭不定式)Find 特殊用法Find后可用分詞做賓補，或先加形式賓語，再加形容詞，最后加帶to 的動詞不定式。find后也可帶一個從句。此類動詞還有g(shù)et，have。I found him lying on the ground.I found it important to learn.I found that to learn English is important.作表語不定式作表語表示具體動作或?qū)韯幼?；動名詞作表語表示抽象的一般行為。①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter.③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.當(dāng)主語和表語都是不定式時，其含義一是條件，一是結(jié)果（例①）。當(dāng)主語是aim,duty,hope,idea,mista ke,plan,purpose,suggestion等為中心詞的名詞詞組（例②）時，或以what引導(dǎo)的名詞性分句（例③），不定 式說明主語的內(nèi)容。④Our work is serving the people.⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper.⑥The story told by is interesting.④⑤句動名詞作表語，與主語部分可以轉(zhuǎn)換，如Serving thepeople is our work,而⑥句中是現(xiàn)在分詞作表語，說明主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在分詞具有形容詞的各種特征，另外，動名詞作表語還應(yīng)與進行時態(tài)區(qū)別開來。作狀語（1）目的狀語To… only to (僅僅為了),　in order to,　so as to,　so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.　他飛快地跑以便趕上第一班車。I e here only to say goodbye to you.　我來僅僅是向你告別。（2）作結(jié)果狀語，表事先沒有預(yù)料到的，要放在句子后面。What have I said to make you angry.He searched the room only to find nothing.（3)　表原因I39。m glad to see you.典型例題The chair looks rather hard,but in fact it is very fortable to ___.A. sit　B. sit on　C. be seat　D. be sat on答案：B.　如果不定式為不及物動詞，其后應(yīng)有必要的介詞。當(dāng)動詞與介詞連用時，常位于“形容詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)的末尾。作定語⒈不定式作定語不定式在句中作定語，置于被修飾的名詞或代詞之后。如：①The next train to arrive is from Washington.②Do you have anything to be taken to your sister?③Do you have anything to say on the question?④Would you please give me some paper to write on?⑤My wish to visit France has e true at last.不定式短語作定語和被修飾詞之間表示以下關(guān)系：(1)表示將來的動作（例①）。(2)與被修飾詞之間有動賓關(guān)系，如是不及物動詞，則需加介詞（例④）。(3)與被修飾詞之間有動賓關(guān)系，同時與句中其它詞之間又有邏