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中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí):動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)講解-文庫吧

2025-04-01 12:35 本頁面


【正文】 meeting.(8).Hurry __________the train if you don39。t. n 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一、中考要求:   英語的動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)共有十六種,但是中考??嫉闹饕邪朔N,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去 進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),過去完成時(shí)等時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成和用法。其中難點(diǎn)是一般過去時(shí)和過去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別。二、知識(shí)要點(diǎn):                  時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成  (以speak為例)   式 時(shí)一  般進(jìn)  行完  成現(xiàn)  在speak / speaksam/ is/ are speakinghas / have spoken過  去spokewas / were speakinghad spoken將 來shall/ will speakis/ am/ are going to speakshould / would speakwas/ were going to speak\amp。1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法(1)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者經(jīng)常存在的狀態(tài)。經(jīng)常和表示時(shí)間的狀語often,always,usually,sometimes,every day等連用。例如: My sister usually goes to school on foot.  我姐姐經(jīng)常步行去上學(xué)。 We often e to school at six in the morning. 我們經(jīng)常在早上六點(diǎn)到學(xué)校。(2)表示某種習(xí)慣或者能力,也可以表示職業(yè)、特征等。例如:     My mother often gets up very early in the morning. 我的媽媽經(jīng)常在早上起床很早?!   ?This kind of car runs very fast. 這種小汽車跑得非常快。(3)表示客觀事實(shí)、客觀規(guī)律或者客觀真理。例如:     This kind of trees never grows in the desert. 這種樹從來不在沙漠里生長?!   ?Do you know that knowledge is power? 你知道知識(shí)就是力量嗎?(4)在時(shí)間、條件、讓步等狀語從句中,表示將來的動(dòng)作。例如:     They’ll be so happy when I tell them. 我告訴他們時(shí),他們會(huì)很高興的?!   ?If you aren’t here on time tomorrow, I’ll write to your parents.      如果你明天不準(zhǔn)時(shí)到,我就給你父母親寫信。  注意:(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱單數(shù):在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中,如果句子的主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式,謂語動(dòng)詞用其 第 三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如:  My father often watches TV after dinner at home. 我的爸爸經(jīng)常在晚飯后在家看電視。(2)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的謂語如果是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,其否定句和一般疑問句要用助動(dòng)詞do,第三人稱單數(shù)用does,doesn’t 來構(gòu)成。例如:  My little brother doesn’t do his homework at school. 我的小弟弟不在學(xué)校做家庭作業(yè)?!局锌兼溄印俊。? )1. Mum, _______ shall we have lunch?   We will have it when your dad_________.(2007年連云港)   A. when。 returns B. where。 returns C. where。 will return D. when。 will return( )2. Tomorrow will be Father39。s Day. What will you do for your father?   I will say I love you, Daddy as soon as he _______ up. (2007年南通)   A. will wake B. is waking C. wakes D. woke( )3. Our teacher said light________ faster than sound. (2007年宿遷)   A. travelled B. has travelled C. is travelling D. travels( )4. Let39。s go fishing if it _______ this weekend.   But nobody knows if it_______.(2006年揚(yáng)州)   A. is fine, will rain B. will be fine, rains C. is fine, rains D. will be fine, will rain( )5. Is your father a doctor?    Yes, he is. He________ in Town Hospital. (2006年武漢)   A. has worked B. had worked C. works D. workedamp。2. 動(dòng)詞一般過去時(shí)的用法: (1)表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者過去經(jīng)常存在的狀態(tài)。常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語yesterday,just now,a moment ago,last week/ year/ night,in 1985,in those days,when I was at middle school等連用。例如:   They went to college last year. 他們是去年上大學(xué)?! ?We had a good time in the park yesterday. 我們昨天在公園玩得很高興。(2)表示過去接連發(fā)生的一系列動(dòng)作。例如:     We played football first,then went boating and fishing,,and at last had a piic there.      我們先踢足球,然后去劃船、釣魚。最后我們在那里野餐。(3)在時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語從句中,表示過去將來的動(dòng)作?!   ?She told me that she would not leave until I came back. 她告訴我我回來她才會(huì)離開?! ∽⒁猓海?)表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)的動(dòng)作,而現(xiàn)在卻不這樣做了,也可以用used to +動(dòng)詞原形來表示。例如:     I used to get up very late. 我過去總是起床很晚。(2)如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句用一般過去時(shí)。例如:     We have made a lot of friends since we came here.      自從我們來到這里以來已經(jīng)交了很多的朋友。(3)談?wù)撃橙说某錾掌诮?jīng)常用一般過去時(shí)。例如:     —When were you born? 你是什么時(shí)候出生的?      —I was born in 1983. 我出生于1983年。amp。3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法: (1)表示說話的時(shí)候正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,經(jīng)常與時(shí)間狀語now,at present,at this time/ moment等連用。例如:     The boys are playing football over there now. 這些男孩子們正在那邊踢足球?!   ?My father is watching TV with my mother now. 我的爸爸正在和媽媽一起看電視。(2)表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行著的動(dòng)作,但不一定在說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行。經(jīng)常與now,these days等時(shí)間狀語連用。例如:     I am learning French in Beijing these days.  這些天我正在北京學(xué)法語。(3)一些瞬間動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示一般將來時(shí)表示“即將……”,常有表示將來的時(shí)間狀語。常用的這類 動(dòng)詞有g(shù)o, e, leave, start, arrive, work, have, stay, play, return等。例如:     Hurry up! The bus is ing. 快點(diǎn)!公共汽車馬上就要開了?!   ?He is ing back tomorrow. 他明天會(huì)回來。 注意:表示狀態(tài)和感覺的動(dòng)詞如果指現(xiàn)在情況的話,一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí),而要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。這樣的動(dòng)詞有:love, like, hate, want, hope, need, wish, know, understand, remember, belong, hear, see, seem, have(有), sound(聽起來), taste(嘗起來)等。【中考鏈接】 ?。? )1. Where39。s your mother, Helen?   She________ the flowers in the garden. (2007年鎮(zhèn)江)   A. waters B. watered C. is watering D. has watered ?。? )2. Hurry up! It39。s time to leave. OK, ________.(2006年孝感)   A. I39。m ing B. I39。ll e C. I39。ve e D. I e ?。? )3. Shall we invite Tom to play football now?   Oh, no. He his clothes.(2006年瀘州)   A. is washing B. washes C. has washed D. washedamp。4. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法: 表示說話的過去某個(gè)時(shí)候或某一階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。這一特定時(shí)間除了有上下文暗示外,經(jīng)常和表示過去 時(shí)間的狀語then,a moment ago,at this time yesterday,at ten last
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