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,有時是為了使英美人理解原文的精確含義 ,有時是 為了遵循英語的行文習慣。 交出翻譯之前,必須讀幾遍,看看有沒有要修改的地方。這樣才能把工作做好。 Before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and see if there anything in it to be corrected or improved. Only then can you do your work well. 他們一聽說有新任務,就坐不往了。 When they learnt that they’d been given a new task, they just couldn’t sit still any longer. 四、 省略法 .(Omission) 漢語不怕重復 ,英語中有相同的詞語??墒÷?,行文較簡練。漢語中出于行文 需要而沒有實意的一些詞語在英譯時也要省略。 我們要培養(yǎng)分析問題,解決問題的能力。 We must cultivate the ability to analyse and solve problems. 中國人民歷來是勇于探索,勇于創(chuàng)造,勇于革命的。 The people of China have always been courageous enough to probe into things, to make inventions and to make revolution. 五、轉換 ( Conversion) 漢語中的某些詞類在英譯時常常要根據(jù)英語的句式轉換成英語的另一類詞, 更符合英語的慣用法。不僅如此,有時整個句式也要轉換。 警察把那個孩子的胳臂抓得更緊了,叫嚷道:“學規(guī)矩點 !” Tightening his hold on the boy’s arm, the policeman yelled,“Learn some respect!” 口試時問了她十個問題 ,她一一答對了。 She was asked ten questions in the oral exam and answered every one correctly. Being asked ten questions in the oral exam, she answered every one correctly. 六、詞序調整。( Inversion) 每種語言都有自己的自然語序,翻譯時要注意入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。特別要注意英譯時 強調句式的詞序。 我們上星期天在她家盡情地吃了一頓。 We ate to our hearts’ content at her home last Sunday. 我們從來沒有看見過這樣光明的前途。 Never have we seen so bright a future before us. 七、正說反譯,反說正譯。( Negation) 英漢兩種語言都有自己的約定俗成的正反說法,這在英譯時要時刻注意到。 英語中有些詞匯本身就有否定的意思,要善于利用,如 fail, without, beyond, until, unless, instead of 等; 1、我認為他不對。他昨天沒有露面。 I don’t think he is correct. he failed to turn up yesterday. 會議開得冷冷清清,有時甚至開不下去了。 The meetings were marked by such an absence of lively discussions that at times they were almost on the point of breaking up. 八、長句拆譯。 ( Division) 翻譯時隨意斷句是不足取的,但為了忠實并通順地轉達原意,仔細分 析后,在保持原文風格特點的前提下,適當?shù)財嗑涞癸@得更自然有力。