【正文】
,有時(shí)是為了使英美人理解原文的精確含義 ,有時(shí)是 為了遵循英語(yǔ)的行文習(xí)慣。 交出翻譯之前,必須讀幾遍,看看有沒(méi)有要修改的地方。這樣才能把工作做好。 Before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and see if there anything in it to be corrected or improved. Only then can you do your work well. 他們一聽(tīng)說(shuō)有新任務(wù),就坐不往了。 When they learnt that they’d been given a new task, they just couldn’t sit still any longer. 四、 省略法 .(Omission) 漢語(yǔ)不怕重復(fù) ,英語(yǔ)中有相同的詞語(yǔ)??墒÷?,行文較簡(jiǎn)練。漢語(yǔ)中出于行文 需要而沒(méi)有實(shí)意的一些詞語(yǔ)在英譯時(shí)也要省略。 我們要培養(yǎng)分析問(wèn)題,解決問(wèn)題的能力。 We must cultivate the ability to analyse and solve problems. 中國(guó)人民歷來(lái)是勇于探索,勇于創(chuàng)造,勇于革命的。 The people of China have always been courageous enough to probe into things, to make inventions and to make revolution. 五、轉(zhuǎn)換 ( Conversion) 漢語(yǔ)中的某些詞類在英譯時(shí)常常要根據(jù)英語(yǔ)的句式轉(zhuǎn)換成英語(yǔ)的另一類詞, 更符合英語(yǔ)的慣用法。不僅如此,有時(shí)整個(gè)句式也要轉(zhuǎn)換。 警察把那個(gè)孩子的胳臂抓得更緊了,叫嚷道:“學(xué)規(guī)矩點(diǎn) !” Tightening his hold on the boy’s arm, the policeman yelled,“Learn some respect!” 口試時(shí)問(wèn)了她十個(gè)問(wèn)題 ,她一一答對(duì)了。 She was asked ten questions in the oral exam and answered every one correctly. Being asked ten questions in the oral exam, she answered every one correctly. 六、詞序調(diào)整。( Inversion) 每種語(yǔ)言都有自己的自然語(yǔ)序,翻譯時(shí)要注意入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。特別要注意英譯時(shí) 強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的詞序。 我們上星期天在她家盡情地吃了一頓。 We ate to our hearts’ content at her home last Sunday. 我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有看見(jiàn)過(guò)這樣光明的前途。 Never have we seen so bright a future before us. 七、正說(shuō)反譯,反說(shuō)正譯。( Negation) 英漢兩種語(yǔ)言都有自己的約定俗成的正反說(shuō)法,這在英譯時(shí)要時(shí)刻注意到。 英語(yǔ)中有些詞匯本身就有否定的意思,要善于利用,如 fail, without, beyond, until, unless, instead of 等; 1、我認(rèn)為他不對(duì)。他昨天沒(méi)有露面。 I don’t think he is correct. he failed to turn up yesterday. 會(huì)議開(kāi)得冷冷清清,有時(shí)甚至開(kāi)不下去了。 The meetings were marked by such an absence of lively discussions that at times they were almost on the point of breaking up. 八、長(zhǎng)句拆譯。 ( Division) 翻譯時(shí)隨意斷句是不足取的,但為了忠實(shí)并通順地轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)原意,仔細(xì)分 析后,在保持原文風(fēng)格特點(diǎn)的前提下,適當(dāng)?shù)財(cái)嗑涞癸@得更自然有力。