apushreviewkeyconcept61-文庫吧
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【正文】 nantly Southern and Eastern Europe。 China as well ? Impact of workforce expansion? ? Diverse workforce, lower wages, more child labor ? Huge supply of workers led to lower wages ? Labor vs. Management: ? Battles over wages, working conditions ? Local and national unions emerged to confront businesses ? Knights of Labor – Terrance Powderly, skilled AND unskilled workers, women and African Americans。 downfall was the Haymarket Square Riot ? American Federation of Labor – Samuel Gompers, skilled workers only。 “bread and butter issues” ? The South had some areas of industrialization ? Leaders called for a “New South” – Henry Grady, editor of the Atlantic Constitution, called for increased industrialization in the South。 textile factories began to appear in the South ? Sharecropping and tenant farming remained dominant ? Payment in land in the form of cash (tenant) or crops (sharecropping) ? Many African Americans were stuck as sharecroppers throughout the 1800s Key Concept ? “Westward migration, new systems of farming and transportation, and economic instability led to political and popular conflicts.” – pg 61 of the curriculum framework ? Government agencies and conservationist anizations sought to extend public control over natural resources: ? . Fish Commission – created in 1871 to promote and preserve fisheries in the US ? Sierra Club – founded by John Muir in 1892, advocate the protection of wild places on earth ? Farmer anizations to resist corporate control of agricultural markets: (RRs) ? The Grange (1860s): sought to bring farmers together to share techniques ? Hoped to elect state legislators favorable to their programs ? Granger laws – state laws that regulated RRs ? Southern Farmers? Alliance: mostly a local anization ? Established stores and banks ? Excluded blacks….. Key Concept , cont. ? Creation of the People?s (Populist Party) ? Mostly farmers ? Causes: ? Growth of corporate power ? (RRs) – high rates often hurt farmers ? Economic instability ? Panics of 1873 and 1893 hurt farmers ? Goals: ? Political reform – direct election of senators。 government ownership of RRs, telephones, and telegraphs ? Stronger government role in American economic system ? Graduated ine tax。 inflation of currency, :free silver”。 abolishment of national banks ? Business interests vs. conservationists ? Establishment of national parks and other conservationist and preservationist measures ? National Reclamation Act (Newlands Act) – federal $ for construction of dams, canals, and reservoirs ? Park system grew under Teddy Roosevelt ? Roosevelt used executive powers to restrict development of land Test Tips ? MultipleChoice and Short Answer Questions: ? Changes in business structure and their effects ? Role of government during the Gilded Age ? Plight of farmers
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