生產(chǎn)技術(shù)與利潤最大化(1)-文庫吧
2025-04-22 15:02 本頁面
【正文】 ?1 1 2 2 ? .y x x? ?1 23n a a n d a? ? ?2 1 31 2, .14 14 PerfectSubstitution Technologies 9 3 18 6 24 8 x1 x2 x1 + 3x2 = 9 x1 + 3x2 = 18 x1 + 3x2 = 24 y x x? ?1 2315 15 有限種投入比的技術(shù) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1x2xR1 X2:X1=8:1 R2 X2:X1=3:1 R3 X2:X1=1:1 R4 X2:X1=1:4 ?現(xiàn)有 6單位 x1和 3單位 x2 ?2單位 x1和 2單位 x2用于R3，生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品 50單位； ?4單位 x1和 1單位 x2用于 R4，生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品50單位 產(chǎn)量 100單位的等產(chǎn)量線 16 16 Marginal (Physical) Products The marginal product of input i is the rateofchange of the output level as the level of input i changes, holding all other input levels fixed. That is, y f x x n? ( , , )1 ?ii xyMP???17 17 Marginal (Physical) Products y f x x x x? ?( , ) /1 2 11/ 3 22 3MP yx x x1112 322 313? ????/ /MP yx x x2211/ 321/ 323? ???? .18 18 ReturnstoScale Marginal products describe the change in output level as a single input level changes. Returnstoscale describes how the output level changes as all input levels change in direct proportion (. all input levels doubled, or halved). 19 19 Constant returnstoscale If, for any input bundle (x1,…,x n), f kx kx kx kf x x xn n( , , , ) ( , , , )1 2 1 2? ??then the technology described by the production function f exhibits constant returnstoscale. . (k = 2) doubling all input levels doubles the output level. 20 20 Constant returnstoscale y = f(x) x’ x Input Level Output Level y’ 2x’ 2y’ Constant returnstoscale 21 21 Diminishing returnstoscale If, for any input bundle (x1,…,x n), f kx kx kx kf x x xn n( , , , ) ( , , , )1 2 1 2? ??then the technology exhibits diminishing returnstoscale. . (k = 2) doubling all input levels less than doubles the output level. 22 22 Diminishing returnstoscale
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