【正文】 沒領(lǐng)會(huì)我說的意思。 I’m surprised that I didn’t see all that before. 我好奇怪，我以前沒看到過。 Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams. 媽媽為她的女兒通過了考試而感到高興。 4．連詞 whether (…or not)或 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 if 和 whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可以互換使用，但 whether 常和 or not 連用， if 一般不與 or not 連用。如： I wonder whether it is true or not. 我不知它是真是假。 用 if 引導(dǎo)賓語從句如果會(huì)引起歧義，應(yīng)避免使用 if 而用 wheter。試比較： Please let me know if you want to go. Please let me know whether you want to go. if 從句可理解為賓語從句，意為 ―請(qǐng)告訴我你是否想去 ‖；此句又可理解為條件狀語從句意為 ―如果你想去的話，請(qǐng)告訴我一聲 ‖。 5．賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。在 think, believe, suppose, expect 等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句，有時(shí)謂語盡管是否定意思，卻不用否定形式，而將 think 等動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问?。如? I don’t think you are right. 我認(rèn)為你錯(cuò)了。 I don’t believe they have finished their work yet. 我相信他們還未完成他們的工作。 I don’t suppose he cares, does he? 我想他不在意，是嗎？ 6． 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)變化規(guī)律： (1) 當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句可根據(jù)需要用任何時(shí)態(tài)。 (2) 當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句只能使用過去范圍內(nèi)的任何時(shí)態(tài)。但客觀真理除外。如： The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 老師說地球繞著太陽運(yùn)行。 （ 4）同位語從句 1． 定義：用作同位語的從句叫做同位語從句。 2． 用法：同位語從句的先行詞多為 fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark 等，關(guān)聯(lián)詞多用從屬連詞 that。如： They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick. 對(duì)你生病這件事，他們都很焦慮。 Where did you get the idea that I could not e? 你在哪兒聽說我不能 來？ Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia. 德國已對(duì)俄國宣戰(zhàn)的消息一大早就傳來了。 注：同位語從句偶爾由從屬連詞 whether 引導(dǎo)。如： I have no idea whether he’ll e or not. 我不知道他是否來。 連接代詞 who, which, what和連接副詞 where, when, why, how亦可引導(dǎo)同位語從句。 The question who should do the work requires consideration. 誰該干這項(xiàng)工作，這個(gè)問題需要考慮。 We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 到哪兒去度暑假，這個(gè)問題我們還沒有決定。 It is a question how he did it. 那是一個(gè)他如何做了此事的問題。 解釋： 1． that 引導(dǎo)的同位語從句與定語從句之區(qū)別 that 引導(dǎo)的同位語從句 that 引導(dǎo)的定語 從句 句法功能上 that 只起連接從句的作用，無意義。在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分。不可省。 that 替代先行詞在從句中不僅起連接作用，還充當(dāng)一個(gè)句子成分。如在從句中作動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí)可省略。 意義上 從句是被修飾名詞的內(nèi)容。 從句起限定作用，是定語 如： The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位語從句，that 不可省。 ) 李先生將是我們的新英語老師這個(gè)消息是真的。 The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定語從句， that 在從句中作 told的賓語，可省。 ) 他昨天告訴我的消息是真的。 2．一些表示 ―建議、命令、要求 ‖的名詞后所跟的同位語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞用虛擬語氣 should+動(dòng)詞原形表示。 should 可省。如： This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. 這就是我們唯一的請(qǐng)求：盡快解決這個(gè)問題。 測試： A. 用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空： 1． It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray. 2. I have no idea we can do with these waste materials. 3. the doctor really doubts is my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 4. It is hoped nature will never be destroyed. 5. do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow? 6. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that you had a few days off? 7. Word came I was wanted at the office. 8. Do you know of them will be our new headmaster? 9. The teacher didn’t tell me we were wrong. 10. It’s generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants. B. 單項(xiàng)選擇： 1． It was true Alice did surprised her mother. A. that B. what C. that, what D. what, that 2. Does matter much he can’t e to the meeting. A. it, if B. that, if C. it, whether D. this, whether 3. What are you anxious about? . A. How can we succeed B. Whether we can succeed C. When can we succeed D. That we can succeed 4. The reason the little actress has been such a success is she is both clever and hardworking. A. why, why B. why, that C. that, because D. for, because 5. leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. The person 6. I really don’t know ____________ I had this photo taken. A. where it was that B. it was that C. where it was D. it was why 7. Dr. Black es from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can’t remember . A. where B. there C. which D. that 8. What do you think of China? different life is today from it used to be. A. How, what B. What, what C. How, that D. What, that 9. Give this to you think can do the work well. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever 10. troubles me is I can’t learn all these English idioms by heart. A. That, that B. What, what C. That, what D. What, that 答案 : A. 1. that 2. what 3. what, whether 4. that 5. who 6. why 7. that 8. which 9. where 10. whatever B. 1—5 CABBB 6—10 ACACD （ 5）定語從句 （一）定義及相關(guān)術(shù) 語 1．定語從句：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。 2．先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。 3．關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。 關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有 that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；關(guān)系副詞有 when, where, why 等。 關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個(gè)作用： A、引導(dǎo)定語從句； B、代替先行詞； C、在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 該句中， who is shaking hands with my father 是定語從句，修飾先行詞 the man， ―who‖是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞，代替先行詞 the man，在定語從句中作主語。 （二）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 1． who 指人，在定語從句中作主語。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物館的人必須在明晨 7 點(diǎn)到大門口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我?guī)椭艘晃幻月返睦先恕? That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我們物理的老師。 2． whom 指人，在定語 從句中做賓語，?？墒÷?。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 劉先生就是你們?cè)诠财嚿险務(wù)摰哪莻€(gè)人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要見的男孩。 Th