【正文】 Project Y FP method 23% 16% analogy 27%(project5: Z) 10% (project3: Y) This illustrates that no one estimating method can be assumed to be the most accurate in all cases. The analogy estimate for Project X might have been improved by adjusting for the fact that Project X is to be written in programming language y while Project 5 was written in programming language z 六、 1. 題目： Activity Depends on Duration (days) A 5 B A 7 C B 6 D A 5 E D 10 F B 15 G B 8 H G 8 I C 4 J G 4 K E,F 5 L I,H 3 (a) Create a PERT activity work using the following details: refer to figure 616 (b) Calculate the earliest and latest start and end dates and the float associated with each activity. From this identify the critical path. 11 開 始A 5005505B55771 21 20D 551 21 271 01 7E 1 01 01 72 02 771 7C 61 21 91 82 51 3 7G 81 21 32 02 19 1F 1 51 21 21 5 02 72 7I 41 82 52 22 91 1 7H 82 02 12 82 99 1J 42 02 82 43 21 2 8K 52 72 73 23 25 0L 32 82 93 13 24 1結(jié) 束 八、 第七章 風險管理 1． In the case of Fiona’s project, the risks might include: P150 ? Lack of client mitment – as this could be regarded as ‘only a student project’ it may be difficult to get the client to spare adequate time for such things as the clarification of requirements ? Conflicts between university and business requirements – the business might want, for example, the project to pleted to a timescale that does not fit in with the time when the university expects the project to be done ? Technical problems – including: o Fiona’s placement was spent as a support analyst and then as a work manager. She may have had little recent systembuilding practice and may find that as a consequence that she runs into technical problems o The hardware/software environment at the university may be different from that of the business where the application is actually going to be used. 2． a) Provide an estimate of the risk exposure (as a financial value) for the risk that the senior fire fighter might not be able to attend at the times needed. The cost of an adverse oute would be 163。2020. There is a 20% () probability of the adverse oute. The risk exposure is therefore 20% of 163。2020, that is 163。400. b) Suggest possible risk mitigation actions. Given the risk exposure of 163。400, there would be a case of paying someone overtime to cover for the firefighter/trainer who is being interviewed. Alternatively, appointments could be made with two trainers at different times within the same week. This would not pletely eliminate the risk, as it is possible for emergencies to happen at the times of both arranged interviews. 12 5． ? Lack of awareness of the approach ? Unwillingness to spend additional time and resources on risk management ? Development managers may want projects to go ahead and do not want project sponsors to be deterred by consideration of possible failure 九、 第 7 章 P150 3． In Exercise you were asked to identify risks under the four headings of Actors, Technology, Structure and Tasks for the IOE maintenance group accounts and the Brightmouth College payroll scenarios. Now identify risks for each scenario that relate to pairs of domains, for example, ActorsTechinology, ActorsTasks and so on. ? ActorTechnology . Pc23 pe28unfamiliarity with the new technology. This could be caused by the technology being genuinely novel, or by the fact the developers have simply not had the opportunity to use it previously. ? Actor Task pc23 pe27 test group not available ? For example, a particular task might be too demanding for the novice developer who happens to be the only one who is available at the required time. ? ActorStructure. Organizational barriers may make it difficult for people who need to municate to do so. Pc30 pe36 ? TechnologyStructure. (Pc24 pe29) Pc22 pe24 no machine available An example here might be where software for a control system has to be tested on an expensive hardware configuration, which is used by more than one team. There could be clashes over the use of this valuable resource if an appropriate process was not in place to allocate user in an orderly and rational manner. ? TechnologyTask. ? Pc24 pe29 mercial package available Pc29 pe35 estimate cost while using mercial package The example immediately above concerning the shared use of a testing facility could also apply here to the task of testing a software ponent in the shared technological environment. ? points on Pc21 pe25 amp。 extra work For example, the management process might dictate that a particular task can only be carried out when approval to start had been provided by higher management （只分析該項目的主要存在的問題） lack of staff experience use of contractors novel technology realtime performance shortfalls lack of monitoring 13 lack risk management lack necessary checkpoints lack clear requirements bad feasibility evaluation lack costprofit / business case evaluation bad schedule/bad time cost estimation 十、 第 8 章 P166 1. 需要提交的作業(yè) A. 3 The following might be discussed. The concern of a team leader could be locked onto the successful acplishment of the project. There are however anizational concerns to be considered. Several projects, all important, might be running in parallel and using the best staff on one project might be the expense of some other. Other concerns might be for staff development: sometimes risks have to be accepted so that staff can be developed in new roles. Allocating the most capable staff member to the most critical activities all the time might lead, in the longer term, to burnout