民航信息化和電子商務(wù)概論分析-閱讀頁
2025-03-08 13:23本頁面
【正文】 Eliminates powerful channels or improves bargaining power over traditional channels. b. Shifts bargaining power to end consumers. c. Reduces switching costs. a. Reduces differences among petitors as offerings are difficult to keep proprietary. b. Migrates petition to price. c. Widens the geographic market, increasing the number of petitors d. Lowers variable cost relative to fixed cost, increasing pressures for price discounting. a. Reduces barriers to entry as the need for a sales force, access to channels, and physical assets – anything that inter technology eliminates or makes easier to do reduces barriers to entry. b. Inter applications are difficult to keep proprietary form new entrants. c. A flood of new entrants has e into many industries. a. Procurement using the inter tends to raise bargaining power over suppliers, though it can also give suppliers access to more customers. b. The inter provides a channel for suppliers to reach end users, reducing the leverage of intervening panies. c. Inter procurement and digital markets tend to give all panies equal access to suppliers, and gravitate procurement to standardized products that reduce differentiation. d. Reduced barriers to entry and the proliferation of petitors downstream shifts power to suppliers. How the Inter Influences Industry Structure (Porter, Michael 2023) SUPPLIER TRADITIONAL TRAVEL AGENT ONLINE TRAVEL AGENT COMPETITIVE INTENSITY (Based on volume) (Based on realtime information) SELECTIVE BARGAINING POWER COLLECTIVE BARGAINING POWER BUYER 議價(jià)能力的轉(zhuǎn)移 不透明 完全透明 “價(jià)格” 是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上最容易被傳遞和比較的參數(shù)。 電子商務(wù)的最終目的： 降 低 成 本 提 高 服 務(wù) McGrawHill/Irwin 169。 (Poon 1993, quoted by O’Connor,1999) 顧客消費(fèi)的五個(gè)步驟 For those reasons, “airlines were the leader in developing high volume, transactionbased puter systems and they were the first to feel the need for distribution systems on an international scale.” 基于以上原因，航空業(yè)在世界上最先開發(fā)出大規(guī)模計(jì)算機(jī)處理系統(tǒng)，并最早把分銷系統(tǒng)推向國際市場(chǎng)
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