【正文】 ell or ifwe speak Chinese to each other, we can address him/her in the Chinese way. Just as the old sayinggoes, ―When in Rome, do as the Romans do‖, it‘s better for our friend to learn more about andbee better acquainted with the Chinese culture. In this way, when addressing him/her, we canadd ―xiao‖ (young) or ―lao‖ (aged) before his/her family name according to his/her age so as tocreate an amicable atmosphere. We can also address him/her by using his/her title in a humorous way,or by inventing some nickname for him or her in either English or Chinese, depending on the degreeof intimacy.SurveyConduct a survey among some Chinese students to find how much they know about the possiblecultural differences between Chinese and Englishspeaking people in the speech behaviors listedbelow.12Speech behaviorChinaEnglishspeaking countriesGreetingWhen greeting each other, theChinese often begin with ―Haveyou eaten?‖, ―Where are yougoing?‖, ―What are you doing?‖,―Long time no see.‖ and so on.People from Englishspeakingcountries usually say ―Hello.‖―Good morning/afternoon/evening‖ ―Nice to meet you./Glad to see you.‖ or ―How doyou do?‖ApologizingChinese people seem to apologizeless often than Englishspeakingpeople. The Chinese apologizeonly when they think it is aboutsomething that really matters.People from Englishspeakingcountries often apologize intheir daily life even for themost trivial things.Intercultural InsightExplorationTry to describe and explain the possible similar experiences in your use of English as a foreignlanguage in municating with native speakers.What a student tells us below can further illustrate the point that how we municateappropriately in intercultural encounters may not be as simple as we tend to assume:I remember in the first class of oral English when I was a freshman at university, westudents habitually addressed our amiable foreign teacher as ―teacher‖ as we did to the otherChinese teachers. But he asked us to call him by his first name instead. Since he seemed morethan fifty years old we were embarrassed but gradually we learned that was the suitable way toaddress a teacher in the United States, for teachers in the United States generally prefer to beseen as equal and like a friend to their students. However, when I was already a junior, to ourgreat surprise, one of our foreign teachers who taught us intensive reading told us that hepreferred to be called by us as ―Professor White‖ or ―Doctor White‖. The reason was simply13Making requestsChinese people tend to makerequests in indirect ways,especially when the peopleinvolved are not on intimateterms with one another.People from Englishspeakingcountries tend to makerequests directly and openly.Expressing gratitudeChinese people often expresstheir gratitude not just by whatthey say, but also by what they doand what they give to others whohave done them a favor.People from Englishspeakingcountries tend to show theirgratitude more verbally toothers who have helped them.Expressing disapprovalChinese people are reluctant toexpress their disproval openly forfear of making others lose face. Ifthey have to express disapproval,they often prefer to do it in a veryindirect way.People from Englishspeakingcountries are more likely toexpress their disapprovalfreely and directly.LeavetakingChinese people tend to excusethemselves by claiming that theothers must be tired or busy, etc,using the expressions that imputethe motive of tiredness orbusiness to the other party whenparting.People from Englishspeakingcountries would usually findreasons to part related tothemselves rather than toothers.that he wanted to be properly respected in China.Translation縱觀歷史，我們可以清楚地看到，人們由于彼此所處地域、意識形態(tài)、容貌服飾和行為舉止上存在的差異，而長久無法互相理解、無法和睦相處。值得注意的是，人類文明在發(fā)展過程中所遭受的許多挫折，既是個人的，又是全球性的；人類歷史進程總是充滿了個人間的直接沖突和民族間的誤解——從罵罵咧咧到孤立主義直至到武裝沖突，大大小小爭端不絕。通過加深認識和理解，我們能夠與生活方式、價值觀念不同的人們和平共處；這不但有益于我們周遭環(huán)境的安定，也是維護世界和平的決定性因素。 forthe English counterpart, ―Be my guest.‖ American and English people equally enjoy entertaining and14being entertained but they differ somewhat in the value of the distinction. Typically, the ideal guestat an American party is one who ―makes himself at home,‖ even to the point of answering the dooror fixing his own drink. For persons in many other societies, including at least this hypotheticalEnglish host, such guest behavior is presumptuous or rude.Case 2A mon cultural misunderstanding in classes involves conflicts between what is said to bedirect munication style and indirect munication style. In American culture, people tend tosay what is on their minds and to mean what they say. Therefore, students in class are expected toask questions when they need clarification. Mexican culture shares this preference of style withAmerican culture in some situations, and that‘s why the students from Mexico readily adopted thetechniques of asking questions in class. However, Korean people generally prefer indirectmunication style, and therefore they tend to not say what is on their minds and to rely more onimplications and inference, so as to be polite and respectful and avoid losing face through anyimproper verbal behavior. As is mentioned in the case, to many Koreans, numerous questions wouldshow a disrespect for the teacher, and would also reflect that the student has not studied hard enough.Case 3The conflict here is a difference in cultural values and beliefs. In the beginning, Mary didn‘trealize that her Dominican sister saw her as a member of the family, literally. In th