【正文】 re executable on mercial distinctlogic controllers can reduce programming leadtime and labor cost. In particular, the thesis is relevant with respect to the following aspects. In modern manufacturing, systems are characterized by product andprocess innovation, bee customerdriven and thus have to respond quickly to changing system requirements. A major challenge is therefore to provide enabling technologies that can economically reconfigure automation control systems in response to changing needs and new opportunities. Design and operational knowledge can be reused in realtime, therefore, giving a significant petitive edge in industrial practice. The PLC biggest characteristics lie in: The electrical engineering teacher already no longer electric hardware up too many calculations of cost, as long as order the importation that the button switch or the importation of the sensors order to link the PLC up can solve problem, pass to output to order the conjunction contact machine or control the start equipments of the big power after the electric appliances, but the exportation equipments direct conjunction of the small power can. At a lot of situations, the list is a smooth movement that can39。 But take data in the watch for an instruction procedure that controls the PLC, that had the difficulty very much, for example you have to control one pedestal robot to press the action work that you imagine, you will draw up for it the form that a procedure bine with the data sends out to pass by. When you are reading the book, you hear someone knock on door, you stop to start up of affair, open the door and bine to continue with the one who knock on door a dialogue, the telephone of this time rang, you signal hint to connect a telephone, after connecting the telephone through, return overdo e together knock on door to have a conversation, after dialogue plete, you continue again to see your book, this kind of circumstance we are called the interruption to it, it has the authority, also having sex of have the initiative, the PLC had such function .Its characteristics lie in us and may meet the urgently abrupt affairs in the operation process of the equipments, we want to stop to start immediately up of work, the whereabouts manages the more important affair, this kind of circumstance is we usually meet of, PLC while carry out urgent mission, total will keep the current appearance first, for example the address of the procedure, CPU of tired add the machine data etc., be like to stick down which the book that we see is when we open the door the page or simply make a mark, because we treat and would still need to continue immediately after book of see the behind. The CPU always does the affair that should do according to our will, but your mistake of give it an affair, it also would be same to do, this we must notice. Communications are vital to an individual automation cell and to the automated factory as a whole. We39。s PLCs don39。 PLC 控制具有 結(jié)構(gòu) 簡單 靈活、 抗干擾能力強、 安全可靠、安裝便利、 故障率低、 維護簡單、大幅度節(jié)約使用成本 的特點 ， 能 滿足各種中小規(guī)模過程控制、順序邏輯控制和數(shù)據(jù)采集任務(wù)需求 ， 已逐漸廣泛用于工業(yè)控制系統(tǒng)中 ，包括冶金、礦業(yè)、機械、輕工等領(lǐng)域，為工業(yè)自動化提供了有力的工具。在這次調(diào)查中，超過半數(shù)的人在未來的 12個月中將擴大其 PLC的投入。 PLC的應(yīng)用范圍十分廣泛。大多數(shù)直接用于工廠級（ 54%），用于 OEM的為 25%，兩者都是的為 17%。如果直接人工從事這種重復(fù)性的勞動，枯燥、無 味且勞動強度大，容易引起操作工人的疲勞，出現(xiàn)錯誤。 氣動機械手這種有規(guī)律的運動，采用 PLC來進行控制，可以方便的實現(xiàn)。氣動手爪是機器手與作業(yè)對象間的直接接口，仔細分析、選擇好氣動手爪直接關(guān)系到機器手的工作性能。 PLC的程序運行方式是循環(huán)掃描方式，而非順序執(zhí)行方式，因此任何一個機械手在其條件滿足后即開始動作。機器手是多自由度的開式串聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)．在空間和時間中的動力學(xué)參數(shù)隨其位形而不斷變化．系統(tǒng)要求的速度高 控制范圍廣 精度高，傳統(tǒng)的單自由度機構(gòu)的控制技術(shù)遠不能滿足這種控制對象 好在氣動機器手多勾點到點的多段定位控制，追求目標(biāo)點的定位精度和多軸同時協(xié)凋有序運動控制，但較少要求高的軌跡精度，從而簡化了對控制系統(tǒng)的要求。 由于氣壓傳動具有氣源使用方便、不污染環(huán)境、動作靈活迅速、工作安全可靠、操作維修簡便以及適于在惡劣環(huán)境下工作等特點，因而在沖壓加工、注塑及壓鑄等有毒或高溫環(huán)境下作業(yè)，機床上、下料，儀表及輕工行業(yè)中小零件的輸送和自動裝配等作業(yè)，食品包裝及輸送，電子產(chǎn)品輸送、自動插接，彈藥生產(chǎn)自動化等過程中被廣泛應(yīng)用。氣壓傳動是一種易于推廣普及的實現(xiàn)工業(yè)自動化的應(yīng)用技術(shù)。 物料搬運系統(tǒng)由左右移動氣缸、復(fù)位 進退氣缸、升降氣缸、夾手或真空吸盤、物料塊、傳感器、圓柱導(dǎo)軌、支架、底座、微動開關(guān)等組成。夾手采用電磁鐵吸合與斷開方式夾持物料。此系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)物料在一個平面內(nèi)的搬運。PLC可編程序控制器，電磁閥，真空發(fā)生器等均放置在電控箱里。另外，物料被夾手搬運完成以后，為滿足連續(xù)動作需要，還必須將此物料運送回原點位置，以供下次搬運需要。 單步：可實現(xiàn)上升 、 下降 、 左移 、 右移 、 夾緊 、 放松 、 推料進 、 推料退等八種點動操作；連續(xù)：按下 “ 啟動 ” 按鈕后，夾手從原點位置開始連續(xù)不斷地執(zhí)行搬運物料 。在這個系統(tǒng)中，我們只實現(xiàn)一個物料的循環(huán)動作，故在機械手回原點后，需將物料推回原來位置。系統(tǒng)上電后，通過旋轉(zhuǎn)按扭選擇是單動還是連動，如果是單動則執(zhí)行單動程序，否則執(zhí)行連動程序。連續(xù)：按下啟動按鈕，夾手從原點開始，按工序自動循環(huán)工作，直到按下停止按鈕，夾手在完成最后一個周期的工作后，返回原點，自動停機。此系統(tǒng)既可以使用夾手夾持物料，又可以使用真空吸盤吸附物料，具有多種用途功能；氣動系統(tǒng)的電磁換向閥采用匯流板集裝，減少了占用空間；在 PLC的控制下可以實現(xiàn)單動和連動兩種執(zhí)行方式，完成物料