【正文】 唱的音程是二度、三度、四、五度 第十章學(xué)前兒童音樂經(jīng)驗（三）音色 1．音色經(jīng)驗的年齡目標(biāo)有日常音色；打擊樂器音色；人聲；樂器音色。 3．學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂器 音色所用的三類音樂材料是打擊樂器演奏的音響材料；能用打擊樂樂器模擬的生活中的聲音；即興創(chuàng)作打擊樂作品。 5．簡述日常音色經(jīng)驗的獲得機制。 6．簡述打擊樂器音色經(jīng)驗的獲得機制。 7．簡述人的音色經(jīng)驗的獲得機制。 8．簡述樂器音色經(jīng)驗的獲得機制。 第十一章學(xué)前兒童音樂經(jīng)驗（四）速度 1．速度經(jīng)驗的年齡目標(biāo)有快與慢；漸快與漸慢。 答：（ 1）通過身體肌肉感來理解速度的各種變化，累積有關(guān)音樂速度 的經(jīng)驗；（ 2）通過歌唱、身體動作制作方式體會速度的變化。 2．多聲部歌唱的四種音樂材料類型是唱與說的二聲部；輪唱式二聲部；第二聲部為象聲詞的二聲部；段落結(jié)構(gòu)變化的二聲部。 答：（ 1）意識到自己演奏的聲音與其他小朋友的聲音是不一樣的；（ 2）意識到身體打擊的層次。 答：（ 1）在歌唱與打擊樂制作活動中分辨出不同的聲音；（ 2）在打擊樂演奏活動 中意識到樂器種類的加入與退出；（ 3）用語言表達音層厚薄的表現(xiàn)性。 答：（ 1）在模仿教師歌唱的過程中學(xué)習(xí)多聲部合作歌唱；（ 2）在歌唱自己聲部時能夠聽到其它聲部的聲音。 2．音量表現(xiàn)性的特點是什么？ 答：強的音量往往傳達強烈的情緒情感；中等的音量可以表達溫和或深沉的情緒情感；弱的音量可以傳達特別安靜的心情，孤獨單一的情緒情感等。 第十四章學(xué)前兒童音樂經(jīng)驗（七）結(jié)構(gòu) 1．結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)驗的年齡目標(biāo)有。 2．句子結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)習(xí)的三種音樂材料類型是模仿句、重復(fù)句、喊答句。 4．簡述句子結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)驗的獲得機制。 5．副歌的音樂特征是什么？ 答：與主歌相比具有句式更為規(guī)整、旋律更容易上口、節(jié)奏更為簡單等音樂特征。 （ 1）在理解主副歌的前提下，分辨不同情緒或風(fēng)格的兩段樂曲；（ 2）用不同的身體動作去表現(xiàn)不同的段落；（ 3）用不同的節(jié)奏型與樂器去表現(xiàn)不同的段落。 2．進行曲的音樂特點是用偶數(shù)拍子、節(jié)奏鮮明、重拍突出、結(jié)構(gòu)整齊。 4．簡述搖籃曲風(fēng)格經(jīng)驗的獲得機制。 5．簡述舞曲風(fēng)格經(jīng)驗的獲得機制。 Visafree policy brings Chengdu biz, tourism boost. Making national headlines several times, Chengdu39。s level of internationalization. The policy will also bring direct economic revenue, Li said. Chengdu has many cultural legacies and is also a paradise for panda lovers with the world39。s ancient indigenous religion, while Du jiang yan is considered to be the oldes t functioning watercontrol project in the world. Chengdu ranked third in tourist facilities, management and services among 60 Chinese cities in a customer satisfaction survey released last year. But, Li added that efforts are still needed to develop more tourism products, improve English services and provide accurate translation of traffic signs and scenic billboards. Zhao Yun, chairwoman of British Chamber of Commerce Southwest China, told China Daily that his colleagues found the policy very convenient. A British client once flew here and stayed for just one day to check her ordered goods, she said. Zhao was born in Shanxi province, but she has lived in Chengdu for more than 10 years. My life was like a running race moving from place to place. I also lived in Beijing and Shanghai before, she said. But Chengdu is a place that you never want to leave once settling down. It is now my second hometown, she said. If the environment is further improved, the city will attract more people to visit and live, with the 72hour visafree policy and pelling conditions in transportation, culture, climate and cuisine, he said. Foreigners also gave positive feedback on the policy. A spokesman from Dell Inc said the pany has a global hub of operation in Chengdu, so the threeday visa has an immediate and positive influence on the pany39。s public security bureau shows some 100 foreign visitors enjoyed the 72hour policy by the end of March, most of them from the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany. Chengdu also reported robust growth in its overall tourist industry last year. Official statistics show that it received some 150 million tourists last year, an increase of 28 percent from 2021. Around million came from abroad, an increase of 12 percent. Total revenue from tourism surpassed 133 billion yuan ($). During his visit to Kazakhstan in September, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed that China and Central Asia join hands to build a Silk Road economic belt to boost cooperation. The idea has been w idely echoed in Central Asian countries, being an encouraging blueprint for Chinese areas along the Silk Road that has linked Asia and Europe for more than 2,000 years. In the next three weeks, China Daily reporters w ill travel through the belt in China and in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey. They will show the progress and expectations of the countries, businesses and peoples on the route. Shaanxi the start of the ancient Silk Road has positioned itself as the new starting point for the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt, w hich will strengthen China39。an. Lou held a joint interview with 27 media, including China Daily, the first in a series of interviews entitled Chinese Media A long the Silk Road. The interviews will be in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces and the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, as well as Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey. The media group held the first interview on Wednesday morning in