【正文】 is violent, explain the magic poles to have no short circuit on steel saw of the magic poles39。t flap, explain the magic poles short unloading the magic poles, check the fault to click, is shortcircuit degree, adopt local to mend or re round to make. (2) Power supply voltage over supply voltage over low, result in the strong Li link of the device of Li magic belt incapability working, make the motor incapability lead long into synchronousnization thus, the concrete way is to raise power supply voltage appropriately. (3)The fault of Li magic belt as throw Li over speedy(namely throw in Li magic belt, motor rotor revolving speed over low), will make the motor can not lead long into synchronization, should check to throw if the Li link exists fault at this Li magic belt device fault, the output39。 Compress tightly spring ageing lapse, make brush and gather to give or get an electric shock ring of indirectly touch badly, effect the starting of motor thus。 For thin trace, use many fettle shagging rings of sandpapers surface, is ring surface roughness to hit ums, if the slot scar obviously needs to get on the car bed transform, turning, enter amount of knife to take every time 1 mm as proper, in the ms/s, the turning speed control39。t shut down in time, will result in the damping take off soldering to split etc. damper winding is weaker link in the synchro motor parts, the damper winding familiar fault has:The damping takes off soldering and split, the damping ring discharges wildfire, damping ring the strain is faults will effect the starting of synchro motor. The damping takes off soldering and chooses silver actinium welding rod and adopts oxyacetylene welding to weld, the dynamo after taking out the core heats into rotor 200 Celsius degrees set rotor vertical in the oven, after taking out and adopt 750 Celsius degrees to or soly weld temperature, damping and the blind side of of damping ring plete solderings are full, clear a soldering dirt again, 。t enough to result in. Damping ring the strain seriously is mainly a damping to fix anticoincidence in the slot, the damping plugs into damping ring while welding hole falsely, appear additional stress after welding, at plus damping ring intensity not enough to, treatment is loose open all connectivity bolts of damping rings, vs strain anti big of damping ring, after oxyacetylene welding heating adjust with the exclusive use fixture even, vs strain serious replace a new damping of ring. Conclusion When the synchronousny motor appears fault, cautiously analytical possible reason, gradually expel, look into related data when it39。本文主要分析并介紹了永磁同步電機的常見啟動故障 ,如 同步電動機通電后不能起動 、同步電動機不能牽入同步的故障及 電刷和壓緊彈簧、集電環(huán)故障，并提出了及 時排除故障的方法。熟悉同步電動機的起動故障，并及時排除故障，對電動機本身及生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)都有重要的意義。 常見故障 1．同步電動機通電后不能起動 同步電動機起動后不能運行一般有以下幾個方面的原因： （ 1）電源電壓過低。 11 （ 2）電動機本身的故障。 （ 3）控制裝置故障。此時應檢查勵磁裝置的輸出電壓電流及其波形是否正常，熔斷器是否熔斷，接觸不良；電路板插件是否插牢或對準；檢查回路電阻，滅磁鐵晶閘管是否燒斷或擊穿。 同步電動機常用的異步起動法，在電動機轉子轉速達到 95%同步轉速時投放勵磁，使之牽入同步。由于勵磁繞組、存在短路故障，因而不可能產(chǎn)生額定磁場強度，導致電動機只能 在低于同步轉速下穩(wěn)定運行而不能牽入同步。卸下該磁極后，檢查該故障點，是短路程度，采取局部修理或重新繞制。電源電壓過低，造成勵磁裝置的強勵環(huán)節(jié)不能動作，從而使電動機不能牽入同步，具體辦法是適當提高電源電壓。如投勵過早（即投入勵磁時，電動機轉子轉速過低），會使電動機無法牽入同步， 此時應檢查投勵環(huán)節(jié)是否存在故障。 、集電環(huán)故障 電刷過短，壓緊彈簧壓力不足，使得電刷和集電環(huán)之間接觸不良，從而產(chǎn)生火花或電弧，電弧或火花一方面易引起短路，另一方面會使電弧燒得更短，從而引起斷路，造成勵磁裝置只有勵磁電壓而無勵磁電 流；壓緊彈簧老化失效，使得電刷和集電環(huán)之間接觸不良，從而影響電動機的起動；集電環(huán)表面有油垢、條痕或溝痕，會使電刷和集電環(huán)之間接觸不良，產(chǎn)生火花，火花進一步灼傷集電環(huán)，也會造成接地短路，火花從而影響電動機的起動。 同步 電動機轉子的阻尼繞組供同步電動機起動用，同時消除運行中由于負載變化而引起的失步振蕩。阻尼繞組是同步電動機部件中較為薄弱的環(huán)節(jié)，阻尼繞組常見的故障有：阻尼條脫焊、斷裂，阻尼環(huán)間放電大火，阻尼環(huán)變形嚴重。阻尼條脫焊，選用銀銅焊條，采 用氣焊焊接，電機抽心后，將轉子在烘箱內加熱至 200 攝氏度，取出后，將轉子垂直放置，采用 750 攝氏度左右的焊接溫度，將阻尼條和阻尼環(huán)之間的縫隙全部焊滿，再清除焊渣，；對于斷裂的阻尼條，取下原來的阻尼條后，選用材質相同的材料，裝好阻尼條后采用上述方法焊接。阻尼環(huán)變形嚴重主要是阻尼條在槽中固定不一致，在焊接時阻尼條插入阻尼環(huán)孔不正，焊接后出現(xiàn)附加應力，在加上阻尼環(huán)強度不夠所致，處理方法是松開所有阻尼環(huán)的連接螺栓，對變形不大的阻尼環(huán)，經(jīng)氣焊加熱后用專用夾具調 平，對變形嚴重的更換新阻尼環(huán)。分析電機故障不僅需要有扎實的理論知識和豐富的維修經(jīng)驗，還要針對具體故障，深思熟慮，勇于創(chuàng)新，確保故障排除后的電機能長期穩(wěn)定