【正文】 , stability good, it is extensively been applied to industrial production aim. Acquainting with the startingfault of synchronous motor, and debugging in time, it has very important meaning to the motor itself and the production order to getting rid of and dealing with the breakdown timely ang accurately,we have to analyse familiar breakdown about synchronousnous motor in detail. Familiar fault synchronous motor unable starts after be energized There several reasons about this as follow: (1)Power supply voltage over at the square of voltage, the starting torque direct of synchronous motor is direct ratio the square of voltage, the low power supply of voltage make the starting torque of synchronous motor drooping significantly,which is lower than load troque, thus it can not start therefore raise this power supply voltage to enlarge the starting torque of motor. (2)The fault of motor if motor settle, the rotor winding had no short circuit, open circtui, open soldering and link bad etc or not. These faults will make the motor can not start to create starting of rating of intensity of magic field, make thus the motor can not the motor bearing has already been destoryed, the port cap has have no loose, if bearing failure port shroud loose, result in bearing39。s necessary, absorb experience, propose corrective actions. Analytical the motor fault not only need to have firm theory knowledge and experience of prolific maintenance repairs, but also need to aim at concrete fault, deep consideration, brave creative, the motor after ensuring to break down removal can stabilize run time over a long period of time. 永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制系統(tǒng) 范成志 黃明星 摘要 同步電機(jī)具有諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中。查找勵(lì)磁繞組短路，可在轉(zhuǎn)子引出線上通入低電壓（約 30V），用一根手工鋼鋸條放在磁極面上，逐個(gè)檢查磁極，如果該磁極面上鋼鋸條振動(dòng)劇烈，說(shuō)明該磁極沒(méi)有短路，如果鋸條微振動(dòng)或不振，說(shuō)明該磁極短路。 結(jié)語(yǔ) 當(dāng)同步電動(dòng)機(jī)出現(xiàn)故障時(shí)，要仔細(xì)分析可能的原因，逐步排除，必要時(shí)查看相關(guān)資料，吸取經(jīng)驗(yàn)，提出改進(jìn)措施。如勵(lì)磁裝置故障，輸出的電流低于額定值，導(dǎo)致電機(jī)的電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩過(guò)小而無(wú)法牽入同步，此時(shí)應(yīng)仔細(xì)檢查勵(lì)磁裝置的投勵(lì)環(huán)節(jié)和移相環(huán)節(jié)，用示波器檢查投勵(lì)環(huán)節(jié)和移相環(huán)節(jié)的波形，還應(yīng)檢查滅磁環(huán)節(jié)滅磁晶閘管是否正常發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，及時(shí)處理，如不能及時(shí)處理，為了能快速恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)，應(yīng)更換備用電路板。由于同步電動(dòng)機(jī)的起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩正比于電壓的平方，電源的電壓過(guò)低使同步電動(dòng)機(jī)的起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩大幅下降，低于負(fù)載轉(zhuǎn)矩，從而無(wú) 法起動(dòng)，對(duì)此要提高電源電壓，以增大電機(jī)的起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩。 surface, if the vibrating of saw blade micro or don39。 PWM 控制技術(shù)大體上課分為三大類：正弦波形 PWM、優(yōu)化 PWM 和隨機(jī) PWM。 目前，國(guó)內(nèi)外永磁交流伺服系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品的廠家很多，如日本安川電機(jī)公司、 Fanuc公司、三菱公司、松下公司，德國(guó)西門子公司、 Rexroth 公司、 BOSCH 公司，美國(guó)Gettys 公司、 Kollmen 公司等。 上個(gè)世紀(jì)八十年代國(guó)外開始對(duì)逆變器供電的永磁同步電 動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行深入的研究。 1 一、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）內(nèi)容及研究意義（價(jià)值） 永磁同步電機(jī)具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、體積小、轉(zhuǎn)矩電流比高、易于散熱及維護(hù)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，特別是隨著永磁材料價(jià)格的下降、材料的磁性能的提高、以及新型的永磁材料的出現(xiàn)，在中小功率、高精度、寬調(diào)速范圍的伺服控制系統(tǒng)中，永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)引起了眾多研究與開發(fā)人員的青睞，其應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域逐步推廣，尤其在航空航天、數(shù)控機(jī)床、機(jī)器人等場(chǎng)合獲得廣泛的應(yīng)用。永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)的直接起動(dòng)是依靠阻尼繞組提供的異步轉(zhuǎn)矩將電機(jī)加速到接近同步轉(zhuǎn)速，然后由磁阻轉(zhuǎn)矩和同步轉(zhuǎn)矩將電機(jī)牽入同步 [13]。在這方面，運(yùn)用的較為成功的控制技術(shù)主要有：自適應(yīng)控制、變結(jié)構(gòu)控制、參數(shù)辨識(shí)技術(shù)等 [8]。 PWM 控制技術(shù) 電壓源型 PWM 技術(shù) 利用功率開關(guān)器件的開通和關(guān)斷把直流電壓變成一系列寬度不等的矩形電壓脈沖序列，通過(guò)改變脈沖寬度和輸出周期實(shí)現(xiàn)變壓和變頻。s starting, the rotor that moves motor in response to the pan at this time sees whether the slewing is vivid, machinery burden whether existence fault. synchronous motor incapability leads long into synchronousnization. Synchronous motor in mon use law of nonsynchronousnous starting, throw in Li magic belt when the motor rotor revolving speed hits synchronousnous revolving speed of 95%, make it leads long into synchronous motor incapability leads long into synchronousnous reason as follows: (1) The Li magic belt winding short the winding of Li magic belt, existence short circuit breaks down, as a result makes motor able to stabilize run time but incapability and lead long into synchronousnization while being lower than synchronousnous revolving to seek the Li magic belt winding short circuit, can open into low tension(about the 30 Vs) in the rotor derivation on line, put on the magic poles surface with a hand work steel saw, pursue inspection magic poles, if vibrating is violent, explain the magic poles to have no short circuit on steel saw of the magic poles39。 常見故障 1．同步電動(dòng)機(jī)通電后不能起動(dòng) 同