【正文】 5) as though he were delivering a speech at an assembly (考點(diǎn)： as if / as though 引導(dǎo)的從句中用過去式表示和現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在情況有所懷疑 ) 6) Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now (考點(diǎn)：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的動詞所接的賓語從句通常用“ (that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式 ) 7) more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area (考點(diǎn)：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的動詞所接的主語從句通常用“ (that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式 ) 8) they (should) set up a special board/mittee to examine this problem (考點(diǎn)：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的名詞所接的表語從句通常用“ (that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式 ) 9) the midterm exams (should) be canceled (考點(diǎn)：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的名詞所接的同位語從句通常用“ (that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式 ) [表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的動詞及其名詞常見的有： advise (advice), agree (agreement), decide (decision), decree, demand, determine (determination), grant, indicate (indication), insist (insistence), order, prefer (preference), propose (proposal), request, require (requirement), resolve (resolution), stipulate (stipulation), suggest(suggestion), urge, vote。這類形容詞常見的有： advisable, anxious, appropriate, pulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, improper, natural, necessary, obligatory, preferable, proper, urgent, vital, willing 等 ) 11) everyone (should) be prepared for emergency (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 12) If he had booked tickets in the way I told him (考點(diǎn)：在非真實(shí)條件句中用過去完成式表示與過去的事實(shí)相反 ) 13) if I had not been interrupted (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 14) If it had rained, the ground would be wet (考點(diǎn)：在非真實(shí)條件句中，當(dāng)主句與從句表示的動作不是同時發(fā)生時，就根據(jù)情況用適當(dāng)?shù)闹^語動詞形式 ) 15) If I had been living in New York (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 16) he would be dead now (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 17) we could not have rent a house at such a low price (考點(diǎn)： but for 經(jīng)常作為非真實(shí)條件句中 if 的代用語 ) 18) otherwise, it would have taken me more time to work out this question (考點(diǎn)： otherwise 也經(jīng)常作為非真實(shí)條件句中 if 的代用語 ) 19) I would seize the opportunity without hesitation (考點(diǎn)：在非真實(shí)條件句中如果有 were, had, should 這三個詞，可以省去 if，采用主謂語倒裝的形式來表示條件 ) 20) this act would have been passed much earlier (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 21) the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 22) lest he should awaken the baby (考點(diǎn)： lest (以免 )引導(dǎo)的從句通常用 sb. should do 的形式表示虛擬 ) 六、不定式 1) to plete a 24story building in 10 months (考點(diǎn)：不定式作主語時常用 it 作形式主語放在句首代替不定式，而將不定式移到謂語后面 ) 2) for us to have a good night’ s sleep before the test (考點(diǎn)：有時用“介詞 for + 代詞 /名詞”來表示不定式的邏輯主語，這時整句的謂語描述的對象是事情，這種情況下謂語中常用的形容詞有： necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential 等 ) 3) of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area (考點(diǎn)：有時用“介詞 of + 代詞 /名詞”來表示不定式的邏輯主語，這時整句的謂語描述的對象是人，這種情況下謂語中常用的形容詞有： absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong 等 ) 4) not to punish those students who had been late for class (考點(diǎn)： 1. 用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作 decide 的賓語 。能以這種結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語的動詞通常有ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, fet, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, understand, wonder 等 ) 6) warned me just now not to water flowers at noon (考點(diǎn)：不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語 ) 7) invited him to give us a lecture on modern art (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) (能帶不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語補(bǔ)語的動詞有 advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, mand, pel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, feel, find, force, get, hate, have, hear, help, inform invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish 等。 it 是形式賓語，不定式是真正賓語 ) 9) to apply what we have learned in class to practice (考點(diǎn)：不定式作定語 ) (不定式常用作以下名詞 /代詞的定語： ability, ambition, anything, attempt, capability, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something, tendency, time, way, wish 等 ) 10) ruined our plan to show the film in the open air (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 11) the decision to build a nuclear power station in the suburbs (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 12) American woman to explore the outer space (考點(diǎn)：由 only, last, next，序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語 ) 13) only to drop it on their own feet (考點(diǎn)：不定式作結(jié)果狀語 ) 14) to meet a high school classmate in the mountain village (考點(diǎn)：不定式作原因狀語 ) 15) to have taken up so much of your time (考點(diǎn)： 1. 不定式作原因狀語 。 。動名詞經(jīng)常與以下詞組連用： be worth, have difficulty (in), it be no good/use/worthwhile, there be no need/no point in, how/what about, what’ s the point of, what’ s the use of) 5) having peeked at his neighbor’ s test paper (考點(diǎn)：動名詞的完成式 ) 6) being promoted to manager (考點(diǎn)：動名詞的被動式 ) 九、非謂語動詞用法區(qū)別 1) working very hard. (考點(diǎn)： mean 表示“意味著” ) 2) to drive there, but his car broke down (考點(diǎn)： mean 表示“打算” ) (類似需要區(qū)別的動詞還有 fet, remember, regret, go on, stop 等 ) 3) talking to his mother (考點(diǎn)：強(qiáng)調(diào)正在進(jìn)行 ) 4) talk to his mother for an hour (考點(diǎn)：強(qiáng)調(diào)整個過程 ) 5) only to break his own leg (考點(diǎn)：意料之外的結(jié)果 ) 6) breaking his legs (考點(diǎn)：意料之中的結(jié)果 ) 7) to see his parents in good health (考點(diǎn)：不定式作原因狀語位于句末 ) 8) Seeing his parents safe and sound (考點(diǎn)：分詞作原因狀語位于句首 ) 9) Following its footprints (考點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)主動 ) 10) followed by two body guards (考點(diǎn)：過去分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)被動 ) 十、名詞從句 1) Why they left their hometown for Yunnan (考點(diǎn)：主語從句 ) 2) What confused me most (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 3) That this was done on purpose (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 4) who should be responsible for this matter (考點(diǎn)：較長的主語從句可以后置，用 it 作形式主語 ) 5) whom Mary is engaged to (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 6) what can be done today (考點(diǎn)：賓語從句 ) 7) what I have been looking for (考點(diǎn)：表語從句 ) 8) whether/if robots will one day have vision as good as human vision (考點(diǎn)： whether/if 引導(dǎo)后置的主語從句 ) 9) Whether she likes the present (考點(diǎn)： whether 引導(dǎo)前置的主語從句 ) 10) whether I should ask for another loan (考點(diǎn)： whether 引導(dǎo)表語從句 )