【正文】 rt goals should be written goals should be clear and instance，the goal to win a research prize is clear and lifetime goals might include publishing a certain number of influential books or articles，earning a departmental chairmanship at a major university，successfully peting for a grant from the National Science Foundation or securing a consultantship with a big goals relate to outes during the next few the beginning doctoral student，intermediate goals may include pletion of course work and preparation of a doctoral research lifetime goals，these are measurable and clearly goals involve outes expected during the next 12 goals are more performance oriented，and they help with achievement of intermediate of shortterm goals are earning an A in a course，learning how to program a puter or performing an experiment.【點評】本文介紹了人生的三種目標：終生的、長期的和短期的目標。我們要了解并且要掌握的方法：(definition)定義法是用下定義的方式去揭示事物本質(zhì)特征或概念內(nèi)涵。此法的句型：① ? is a/the ? of ? which/that ?② ? relate to/involve/refer to ?【例】(1)Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols which is used for human 。專家提醒舉例時應(yīng)挑選具體、典型且有能力表達清楚的例子，并注意按照一定的順序編排。(classification)分類法就是把說明的對象，按一定的標準劃分成不同類別分別加以說明的方法。(parison)比較法是用一個事物和與其有聯(lián)系的其他事物加以對比的說明方法。如：上述范文對三種人生目標在時間上和實際操作上進行了比較，并闡明了彼此的聯(lián)系?！纠?1)Nearly half of all Americans over age 20 wear a bridge or denture，and more than 20 percent have plete upper and lower age 50，one out of every two persons has gum disease.(2)And it seems sensible to quarter of all marriages between people under twentyone end in Britain in 1972，there were 124，248 ，還有諸如分項法、列舉法、比喻法及引用法等，只有綜合運用多種說明方法，才能多角度、多層次地全面、清晰、準確地展示客觀事物的本來面貌。Locate some important departments in the hospital based on the picture and information given positions should be no less than 100 )the Emergency Department2)the Outpatient Department3)the Surgery Department4)Dispensary/Pharmacy5)Physician Department6)the Eye，Ear，and Throat Department7)the Dental Department8)the Laboratory9)the Xray Department10)the Administrative Building11)the Ward參考范文Near the gate，on the west side of the road is the Emergency the Emergency Department across the Main Road is the Outpatient building to the southwest of the lake is the Dispensary，which faces the Surgery Department lying on the other side of the the west wall，from south to north，stand three buildings： the Physician Department，the Eye，Ear，and Throat Department，and the Dental Laboratory is to the northwest of the round about，and beside the Laboratory，the Xray Department is located on the same side of the winding road by the lake leads to the the end of the main road，the Administrative Building is situated on the east hospital is nicely and conveniently laid out.第二篇：大學英語四級考試寫作輔導教程記敘文的思路與練習記敘文是以敘述人物的經(jīng)歷和事物的發(fā)展變化過程為主要表現(xiàn)形式的一種文體。寫記敘文要注意記敘文的“六大要素”即：時間(When)—— 何時發(fā)生，有沒有具體時間?地點(Where)—— 何地發(fā)生，有沒有地點變化?人物(Who)—— 何人參與，誰是主角?事件(What)—— 發(fā)生了什么，有何特點?原因(Why)—— 事件的起因?結(jié)果(How)—— 事件的經(jīng)過及結(jié)局?一般說來，在一篇記敘文中這六大要素是缺一不可的?！纠克募壙荚囍校怀霈F(xiàn)過一次專門的記敘文體裁的寫作，即“An Early Morning Walk”(.)，2003年6月出現(xiàn)過包含記敘文的作文，即“An EyeWitness Account of a Traffic Accident”。When：題目已規(guī)定了是“清晨”，在這個時候，“我”去散步。Who：在公園里看到晨練的人：中老年人、年輕人、小孩子。What：人們熱火朝天地做操，隨音樂跳舞，打球，等等。一日之際在于晨，背背書，讀讀單詞。參考范文An Early Morning WalkOne morning I got up very early，and everything around was very sun had just risen，shining brilliantly and everything seemed to be covered with a layer of golden were only some birds singing occasionally in the tall strolled along the street toward the park，breathing the fresh air and feeling extremely I arrived at the park，I found，to my surprise，that there were so many people and women，boys and girls，all were enjoying themselves in their various were doing morning exercises，some were playing badminton and some old people were having their tea while talking to each other wandered around the my delight，I found a few middleschool students talking to each other in English in one corner of the went up and spoke to them in soon became was very glad to find another opportunity to practice my spoken the way home，I realized that an early morning walk really was good and early morning walks makes one healthy and wise.【點評】文章按照時間順序(in chronological order)，第一句話點明時間(One morning)、人物(第一人稱“I”)，并簡要描述了早晨的特點(What was the setting)，接著第二段第一句話交代地點(in the park)，然后介紹公園里人們及作者的活動(What was happening)，最后在文章結(jié)尾點題，即，歸納中心思想——Taking early morning walks makes one healthy and “六大要素”，又有明確的中心思想和生動的細節(jié)，行文方式符合要求。注意：題目的中心詞是“unlucky”。根據(jù)自己的思路，寫一篇文章：參考范文A Most Unlucky DayI had a streak of tough luck ，it seemed to me，went I simply couldn’t understand why all the bad things happened to me in one single the morning，as luck would have it，my alarm clock didn’t ring，and with an aching head I woke up half an hour later than was in such a hurry that，when making an omelet，I got my fingers burnt and splashed the omelet all over the floor of the no time for my breakfast at that point，I rushed out of my house with an empty stomach and hurting had intended to catch the 7:30 subway，but somehow I couldn’t make became very nervous at the mere thought of being late for my English class，because my English teacher is very strict and demanding，and he gets angry whenever any student is late for his getting off the 7:40 subway，I raced all the way from the station to my school，thinking it would be impossible for me to flag a taxi at this hour of the the corner of the street near my school，I abruptly bumped into a man and，worse luck，broke the glasses I had bought for 500 yuan just last scarcely any time to receive or offer an apology，I just kept on running and long last，I arrived at the school only to find，with great sadness mixed with some relief，that the school was empty and the classrooms were all was ill luck showed no sign of ing to an I returned home greatly frustrated，I found myself locked my hurry I had forgotten to bring the key with my luck!【點評】這篇文章按照時間順序一氣呵成。故事從作者醒來開始，在慌慌張張中煎蛋卷、趕地鐵、急奔學校、撞破眼鏡、發(fā)現(xiàn)白忙乎了一場，最后猛然清醒——匆忙之中忘了鑰匙!整個故事描述得精彩生動，既有動作的細