【正文】 tilt his/her head forward slightly. Don’t let your head back to stop the bleeding. (It may lead the blood into the throat and easily cause choking.) What has happened to the little girl? 1 Look at the picture . What is on the cupboard? The girl has pulled boiling water onto herself. She will get/have bad burns. Prereading 2 What kind of first aid would you perform in this situation? Make a list of your ideas. Cool the area of skin。 wash it under the cold running water. Cover the wound with bandage/clean cloth. See a doctor if necessary. 3 Now quickly read about “First Aid for Burns” taken from a book called First Aid for the Family. See whether you ideas were correct. FIRST AID FOR BURNS Reading Causes of burns First aid treatment Characteristics of burns Part 1: Part 3: Part 2: Part 4: Part 5: The functions of the skin Types of burns First aid for burns Part1: The functions of the skin us against diseases, poisons and the sun’s harmful rays. （保護 … 免受 … 之苦） us warm or cool. us from losing water.（阻止 … 免受 … 之苦） us sense of touch.（觸覺） Part2:What gets the skin burned? ○ hot liquids ○ chemicals ○ mild weather ○ steam ○ electricity ○ the sun ○ fire ○ radiation ○ spring (溫泉 ) Part34:types and characteristics of burns blister Mildly swollen Tissue under them often can be seen. second degree burns first degree burns third degree burns Mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan or iron Severe sunburnt and burns caused by hot liquid Electric shocks ,burning clothes or Severe petrol fires A B C 1. ________ clothing and jewelry near the burns. 2. ______ the burns with cool water. 3. ______ cool, clean wet cloths on the burns. 4. ______ the burned area gently. 5. ______ the burned area with a dry clean bandage. 6. ______ the burned area ______ than the heart, if possible. 7. ______ the victim ____the doctor or hospital, if possible. Part 5 Treatment Take off Cool Place Dry Cover Keep higherGet to 1 In which order are these topics covered in the text? Number them from 1 to 5. the three types of burns what to do if someone gets burned the functions of the skin the symptoms of burns how we get burns 3 5 1 4 2 Comprehending 2 Read the text again and then label these pictures first, second and third degree burns. second degree burn first degree burn third degree burn 3 Answer the questions 1. Why should you put cold water on a burn? 2. Why doesn’t a third degree burn hurt? Because the cold water stops the burning process, stops the pain and reduces the swelling. Because in the third degree burn the nerves have been damaged. If there are no nerves, there is no pain. 3. Why do you think clothes and jewellery near burns should be removed? 4. If someone has a third degree burn, why might you see tissue? Because bacteria from the clothes and jewellery could infect the burns. Because all the layers of the skin have been burnt showing the tissue underneath. 4 Read the first aid treatments for these burns. If the treatment is right, write R in the brackets. If it is wrong, write W in the brackets and explain why. Then give the correct treatment. 1 Wrong: Sam should not have broken the blisters because the burns could bee infected. He should have poured cool water, not icy water on the burn. 2 Right. 3 Wrong: Mr Casey was right to take his wife’s blouse off but he should not have picked bits of blouse off the burn. The correct first aid treatment for a third degree burn is to remove clothing and jewellery near the burn but not if the clothing is stuck to the burn. He should not have put butter on the burn because it would have stopped the heat from escaping. 4 Right. 1. First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. 1) Ellen has got a temporary job. 艾倫找到一份臨時工作。 Language points 短語聯(lián)想 give/offer aid 援助 e to sb’s aid 幫助某人 cut off aid （突然）終止援助 a hearing aid 助聽器 teaching aids 教具 medical aid 醫(yī)療救護 with the aid of 借助于 ,通過 …… 的幫助 in aid of 為了幫助 3） fall ill 生病，病倒，其中 fall 為連系動詞 fall + adj. 睡著了 ____________ 靜下來 _____________ His son suddenly ____ ___ last week. 他兒子上周突然生病了。 fall asleep fall silent fell ill been ill ? hurt ? injure ? wound ?肉體，精神上的傷害（一般用語），疼痛 ?意外或事故而受傷 ?指外傷（刀、槍、劍傷） ?He got _________ in the fighting. ?He was badly _______ in a car accident. ?Her words ________ me deeply. ?I _________ my back when I fell. ?My feet _______ . wounded injured hurt hurt injured 2 bleedbloodbloody (v.) (n.) (adj.) 他在流鼻血。 The smoke almost choked me. 煙嗆得我?guī)缀醮怀鰵鈦怼? 3. choke vi. amp。 阻塞 4. You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against diseases, poisons and the sun’s harmful rays. 1） There are several layers of meaning. 有幾層不同的含意。 the language barrier 語言的隔閡 3） Small quantities of poison were detected in the dead man39。 5 sense (n. amp。 ?Although she didn’t say anything, _____________________________________ . no mon sense made no sense I sensed that she didn’t like the idea sense of touch 觸覺 sense of sight 視覺 sense of hearing 聽覺 sense of taste 味覺 sense of smell 嗅覺 sense of humor 幽默感 sense of beauty 美感 sense of direction 方向感 歸納： sense of honor 榮譽感 sense of values 價值觀 sense of justice 正義感 sense of hunger 饑餓感