危險(xiǎn)性分析的原則及其在食品安全中的應(yīng)用(1)-在線瀏覽
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【正文】 28 例 1. HBsAg(＋ ) 1%。 10 危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)估程序 Risk Assessment 危害的確定 Hazard Identification 危害的特征描述 Hazard Characterization 暴露量評(píng)估 Exposure Assessment 危險(xiǎn)特征的描述 Risk Characterization 11 Hazard (CAC, 1997) 危害 ? A biological, chemical or physical agent in, or condition of, food with the potential to cause an adverse health effect. ? 食品中可能存在的影響人體健康的生物、化學(xué)、物理因素，或 狀況 。 8 Risk Management (CAC, 1997) 危險(xiǎn)性管理 ? The process, distinct from risk assessment, of weighing policy alternatives, in consultation with all interested parties, considering risk assessment and other factors relevant for the health protection of consumers and for the promotion of fair trade practices, and, if needed, selecting appropriate prevention and control options. ? 在危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)估的科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)上，為保護(hù)消費(fèi)者健康、促進(jìn)國(guó)際食品貿(mào)易而采取的預(yù)防和控制措施。【 WORKSHOP ON AGROFOOD SAFETY ISSUES 】 General Principle Application of Risk Analysis on Food Safety 危險(xiǎn)性分析的原則及其在食品 安全中的應(yīng)用 1 Food safety – a global concern ? Food ingredients and products sourced around the world ? 食物原料和產(chǎn)品來(lái)源于世界各地 ? Food control measures not the same everywhere ? 各地的食品安全控制措施不同 ? Food safety may be perceived differently in different parts of the world ? 不同地域?qū)κ称钒踩恼J(rèn)識(shí)不同 ? Can obstruct international trade ? 國(guó)際貿(mào)易受阻 2 CAC WTO ? SPS和 TBT協(xié)議是 WTO成員在國(guó)際貿(mào)易中必須遵循的多邊協(xié)定 ? 應(yīng)用衛(wèi)生與植物衛(wèi)生措施協(xié)定 , SPS Sanitary / Phytosanitary Measures Agreement ? 貿(mào)易技術(shù)壁壘協(xié)議 , TBT The Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade 3 WHO要求各會(huì)員國(guó)： ? 在食品安全行動(dòng)之下，重點(diǎn)制定和評(píng)估國(guó)家的控制戰(zhàn)略，支持發(fā)展評(píng)估與食品相關(guān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的科學(xué)，包括 分析與食源性疾病相關(guān)的高危因素 ；要最大可能利用發(fā)展中國(guó)家在食源性因素危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)估方面的信息以制定國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 4 Risk analysis – why ? 為什么要進(jìn)行危險(xiǎn)性分析 ? Food safety of increasing concern ? 食品安全被廣為關(guān)注 ? Move towards a risk based approach ? 趨向于對(duì)危險(xiǎn)性的研究 ? Decision making based on sound science ? 基于科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)上的決策 5 Risk Analysis what is it? A process consisting of 3 ponents: ? risk assessment 危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)估 ? risk management 危險(xiǎn)性管理 ? risk munication 危險(xiǎn)性信息交流 6 Risk Analysis Paradigm Risk Assessment Risk Management Risk Communication ? Science based ? Policy based ? Interactive exchange of information and opinions 7 Risk Assessment (CAC, 1997) 危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)估 ? A scientifically based process ? 科學(xué)評(píng)估的程序 ? The evaluation of the potential for adverse effects on human or animal health arising from the presence of additives, contaminants, toxins or diseasecausing anisms in food, beverages or feedstuffs. (WTO) ? 評(píng)估食品、飲料、飼料中的 添加劑、污染物、毒素或病原菌對(duì)人群或動(dòng)物潛在副作用的科學(xué)程序。 9 Risk Communication 危險(xiǎn)性信息交流 ? The interactive exchange of information and opinions throughout the risk analysis process concerning hazards and risks, risk related factors and risk perceptions, among risk assessors, risk managers, consumers, indus
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