【正文】 temperature, F020406080100120Resperation per minuteA i r te m p e r a tu r e , F R e s p i r a ti o n s / m i n* * * * * * * ?Different from pretreatment, P .05 ?每個(gè)處理之間顯著不同 * 176。 F (30 C) Scrotal temperature is C higher than wk 1 陰囊溫度比一周前高 ℃ 氣溫(華氏) 氣溫 陰囊溫度 陰囊溫度(華氏) 天 15 Caution 注意 ? Keeping the floor too wet causes: 保持地板太濕將導(dǎo)致 : – Bacterial contamination of semen 細(xì)菌污染精液 – Soft pads on the feet of boars 過(guò)軟的墊子對(duì)公豬蹄了的影響 March 20, 2023 16 US Grains Council Seminar Does the duration of photoperiod influence sperm production? 光照時(shí)間影響精子的產(chǎn)量嗎 ? March 20, 2023 17 US Grains Council Seminar Influence of photoperiod and temperature on sperm production 光照時(shí)間和溫度對(duì)精子產(chǎn)量的影響 6 7 . 74 7 . 85 9 . 94 6 . 9010203040506070801 0 h r s 1 6 h r sPh o to p e r i o d , h r sSperm/ejaculate, billion1 5 C 3 5 C* * P .05 * 每次射精的精子數(shù)(十億) 光照時(shí)間 (小時(shí) ) March 20, 2023 18 US Grains Council Seminar Frequency of ejaculation 射精頻率 ? Balance between semen volume and sperm cell concentration ? 精液的體積和精子的密度之間平衡 – volume of seminal fluids important for extension –精清的體積對(duì)稀釋是非常重要的 – number of viable sperm important for fertility –活精子的數(shù)量對(duì)受精是非常重要的 March 20, 2023 19 US Grains Council Seminar Frequency of ejaculation 射精頻率 ? Two collections per week is near optimum for boar studs 對(duì)公豬站公豬 ,每周 2次采精較理想 – Monday and Thursday 周一和周四 – Tuesday and Friday 周二和周五 ? Some studs only collect one time per week 一些公豬站每周只進(jìn)行一次采精 March 20, 2023 20 US Grains Council Seminar The effect of interval between collection on sperm output 采精間隔對(duì)精子產(chǎn)量的影響 354250556368717375798201020304050607080901 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12Interval Between Collection, Days 2次采精間的間隔 (天 ) Sperm Cells/collection (billion) 每一次采精的精子總數(shù)(十億) March 20, 2023 21 US Grains Council Seminar Keep boars on a regular collection schedule! 保證公豬有規(guī)律的采精日程 ! ? 40 boars collected 1x/wk for 3 months 40頭公豬每周采精 1次保持 3個(gè)月 ? After the 3 months 3個(gè)月后 – Onehalf continued on 1 time per week 一半繼續(xù)保持每周采精 1次 – Onehalf collected randomly 另一半隨機(jī)采精 ? No more than 3 times per week 每周不超過(guò) 3次 ? Not less than 1 time in 3 weeks 在 3周內(nèi)不少于 1次 March 20, 2023 22 US Grains Council Seminar Results 結(jié)果 ? 1 time per week collection schedule 每次 1次的采精程序組 – 18 of 20 boars: Semen quantity remained constant 20頭公豬中有 18頭精液品質(zhì)保持穩(wěn)定 ? Random collection schedule 隨機(jī)采精的程序組 – 8 of 20 boars: Semen quantity remained constant 20頭公豬中 8頭精液品質(zhì)保持穩(wěn)定 – 3 of 20 boars: Semen quantity improved 20頭公豬中 3頭精液品質(zhì)有提高 – 9 or 20 boars: Semen quantity decreased 20頭公豬中 9頭精液品質(zhì)有下降 March 20, 2023 23 US Grains Council Seminar Feeding Program 飼養(yǎng)模式 March 20, 2023 24 US Grains Council Seminar Estimation of the daily energy requirements of breeding boars 使役公豬每天所需能量評(píng)估 BW, kg 體重 ,kg 100 150 200 250 300 Growth,kg/d 日增重 ,kg Energy requirements (MJ DE/day)能量需要 (消化能 ,MJ/天 ) Maint. 維持 B Gain 體增重 Mating 配種 Semen 精液 Total 合計(jì) March 20, 2023 25 US Grains Council Seminar Estimation of the daily feed requirements of breeding boars 使役公豬飼量評(píng)估 BW, kg 體重 ,kg 100 150 200 250 300 Growth kg/d 日增重 ,kg Feed requirements (kg/day) 飼喂量 (kg/天 ) Diet: MJ DE/kg 飼料 :消化能 MJ/kg Diet: MJ DE/kg 飼料 :消化能 MJ/kg March 20, 2023 26 US Grains Council Seminar Generalized relationship between heart girth and boar live weight 公豬心臟大小與活重之間總體相關(guān)關(guān)系 Heart girth, cm 心臟大小 , cm Body weight, kg 體重 , kg March 20, 2023 27 US Grains Council Seminar Semen collection, processing and storing 精液采集、處理和保存 March 20, 2023 28 US Grains Council Seminar A dose of semen should have: 一份精液應(yīng)當(dāng)有 : ? Sperm cells with greater than 70% motility 精子活力（率）大于 70% March 20, 2023 29 US Grains Council Seminar 精子活率 生育力指數(shù) March 20, 2023 30 US Grains Council Seminar Motility of sperm cells may not be a good indicator of fertilizing ability of sperm cells stored for greater than 3 days! 精子活率可能不是評(píng)定保存超過(guò) 3天的精子受精能力的理想指標(biāo) ! March 20, 2023 31 US Grains Council Seminar Changes in motility, acrosin activity, and number of sperm cells binding ova across time for boar semen (7day extender) 精子活率、頂體素活性、精子結(jié)合和穿過(guò)卵子時(shí)間變化情況 (7天稀釋粉 ) Number of sperm per ova Message: Use semen within 72 hours of collection! 所用精液為 72小時(shí)內(nèi)采集 ! 精子采集的天數(shù) 百分率 活率 頂體率活性 精卵結(jié)合率 每個(gè)卵子精子數(shù) March 20, 2023 32 US Grains Council Seminar Motility of sperm cells with or without caffeine added to slide (BTS extender) 有或沒(méi)有咖啡因加入玻片對(duì)精子活率的影響 (BTS稀釋粉 ) Do not use caffeine to estimate motility of sperm cells. 不要用咖啡因去評(píng)估精子的活率 . March 20, 2023 33 US Grains Council Seminar A dose of semen should have: 一份精液應(yīng)當(dāng)有 : Coiled tail 卷曲的尾巴 Proximal droplet 近端的原生質(zhì)滴 Distal droplet 遠(yuǎn)端的原生質(zhì)滴 Loosened acrosome 疏松的頂體 Less than 15 to 20% abnormal cells 低于 1520%畸形精子 Hairpin shaped tail 發(fā)夾形尾巴 March 20, 2023 34 US Grains Council Seminar A monitor is used to make a “subjective” evaluation as to the rate of abnormal