氣候變化與清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制-在線瀏覽
2025-03-12 21:02本頁(yè)面
【正文】 overall emissions by at least 5 per cent below 1990 levels in the mitment period 2023 to 2023. Article 3 ? 到 2023年 12月 31日前，附件一締約方應(yīng)在履行這些承諾方面做出可予證實(shí)的進(jìn)展 Each Party included in Annex I shall, by 2023, have made demonstrable progress in achieving its mitments under this Protocol. 8 附件 一 國(guó)家： Annex I countries 附件一（工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家） 承諾減排溫室氣體。 A change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the position of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over parable time periods. 4 全球氣候變化： Change of Global Temperature 根據(jù)新的證據(jù)以及考慮到不確定因素的情況下，在過去 50年所觀察到的全球變暖是由于溫室氣體濃度的增加而導(dǎo)致 In the light of new evidence and taking into account the remaining uncertainties, most of the observed warming over the last 50 years is likely to have been due to the increase in greenhouse gas concentrations Source: IPCC Third Assessment Report 2023 5 氣候變化的影響 ： Climate Change Impacts 6 公約目標(biāo)： UNFCCC objectives 將大氣中溫室氣體的濃度穩(wěn)定在防止氣候系統(tǒng)受到危險(xiǎn)的人為干擾的水平上。氣候變化與清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制 Introduction to Climate Change and the Clean Development Mechanism 中國(guó) CDM能力建設(shè)項(xiàng)目培訓(xùn)講義 Training Material Building Capacity for the CDM in China 1 氣候系統(tǒng) : The climate system 大氣圈、水圈、生物圈和地圈的整體及其相互作用。 The totality of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and geosphere and their interaction. 2 溫室氣體效應(yīng)： Greenhouse Gas Effect 3 氣候變化： Climate change 指除在類似時(shí)期內(nèi)所觀測(cè)的氣候的自然變遷之外，由于直接或間 接的人類活動(dòng)改變了地球大氣的組成而造成的氣候變化。這一水平應(yīng)當(dāng)在足以使生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能夠自然地適應(yīng)氣候變化，確保糧食生產(chǎn)免受到威脅，并使經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展能夠可持續(xù)地進(jìn)行之時(shí)間范圍內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)。 Annex I countries (industrialised countries) mited themselves to reduce their GHG emissions Annex I 非附件一國(guó)家（發(fā)展中國(guó)家） NonAnnex I countries (developing countries) 9 對(duì) 工業(yè)國(guó)家 要求： The requirements for Annex I countries ?為發(fā)展中國(guó)家締約方提供新的和額外的資金 Provide new and additional financial resources to meet the agreed full costs incurred to developing country Parties in plying with their obligations ?幫助特別易受氣候變化不利影響的發(fā)展中國(guó)家締約方 Assist the developing country Parties that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change ?應(yīng)采取一切實(shí)際可行的步驟，酌情促進(jìn)、 幫助和資助向其他締約方特別是發(fā)展中國(guó)家締約方轉(zhuǎn)讓或使他們有機(jī)會(huì)得到環(huán)境友好技術(shù)和專有技術(shù) Take all practicable steps to promote, facilitate and finance, as appropriate, the transfer of, or access to, environmentally sound technologies and knowhow to other Parties, particularly developing country Parties 10 京都議定書附錄 B： Annex B of the Kyoto Protocol Redu ctio n mit men t f o r 2023 2 01 2 [% of ba s e y e ar ] 減 排 承 諾 EU 8 % G er m an y 21 % U ni t ed K i ng do m 12 . 5 % I t al y % S pa i n +15 % P or t ug al +27 % G r ee ce +25 % Jap an 6 % C an ad a 6 % N orw a y +1 %
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