【正文】
first Steps 可行的具 體下一步 Actionable first Steps 持續(xù)力 Sustained Momentum 持續(xù)力 Sustained Momentum 持續(xù)力 Sustained Momentum 改變的能力 Capacity for Change 可行的具 體下一步 Actionable first Steps 持續(xù)力 Sustained Momentum 清楚的遠(yuǎn)景 Clear Shared Vision 不是優(yōu)先處理的事 Bottom of the priority list 隨意發(fā)生的事 Random haphazard efforts 焦慮和挫折 Anxiety Frustration 只有熱情別無他物 Hot air not much else 頭重腳輕 , 見光死 A fast start that fizzles and dies + + + + = + + + + = + + + + = + + + + = + + + + = 購買者 Buyers 供應(yīng)商 Suppliers 新進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)的威脅 Treat of new entrants 購買者的議價(jià)能力 Bargaining power of buyers 供應(yīng)商的 議價(jià)能力 Bargaining power of suppliers 替代品的威脅 Threat of substitute products or services 行業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者 Industry petitors 替代品 Substitutes 潛在的進(jìn)入者 Potential entrants 決定行業(yè)獲利的五大要素 現(xiàn)存競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者密集度Intensify of Rivalry O M Ref: TN/SM/STRMKTOL/rc Buyers Suppliers Treat of new entrants Bargaining power of buyers Bargaining power of suppliers Threat of substitutes Industry petitors Substitutes New entrants Intensify of Rivalry Entry Barriers Economics of scale Proprietary product differences Brand identity Switching costs Capital requirements Access to distribution Absolute cost advantages proprietary learning curve access to necessary inputs proprietary lowcost production design Government policy Expected retaliation Rivalry Determinants Industry growth Fixed (or storage) costs / value added Intermittent overcapacity Product differences Brand identity Switching costs Concentration and balance Informational plexity Diversity of petitors Corporate stakes Exit barriers Entry Barriers Differentiation of inputs Switching costs of suppliers and firms in the industry Presence of substitute inputs Supplier concentration Importance of volume to supplier Cost relative to total purchases in the industry Impact of inputs on cost or differentiation Threat of forward integraion relative to threat of backward integration by firms in the industry Bargain leverage Buyer concentration versus firm concentration Buyer volume Buyer switching costs relative to firm switchi