【正文】 as a visitor and a guest !分析后各知。“二者為選擇關(guān)系，而非并列關(guān)系，故應(yīng)將 and改為or.關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞誤用。限定詞誤用。詞義辨析誤用。因此“在家里”應(yīng)用at home. 短文改錯中“一致性”問題主謂一致時態(tài)與語態(tài)的一致代詞先后指代一致名詞數(shù)的一致平行結(jié)構(gòu)中的一致全文寫作邏輯語義一致高考英語短文改錯解題指導(dǎo)由于其綜合了對于高中生英語語法、閱讀和寫作能力的綜合考察，所以一直以來都是學(xué)生們頗感棘手的難題?！　∫?、高考英語改錯題的命題特點(diǎn)分析　　從上個世紀(jì)九十年代開始出現(xiàn)以來，高考短文改錯題的考察方式基本已經(jīng)穩(wěn)定下來，其設(shè)疑方式不外乎：無錯（1處）、多詞或少詞（3到4處）以及錯詞（56處）?！　∪?、高考英語改錯題的常見錯誤類型　　根據(jù)對近十年全部高考改錯題的統(tǒng)計分析，我們認(rèn)為，短文改錯題所涉及到的高頻考點(diǎn)，恰好也是中學(xué)生在寫作中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的錯誤。這些錯誤類型主要為：　　動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)　　句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句子完整性　　名詞單復(fù)數(shù)及主謂一致問題　　上下文語意和指代　　介詞　　固定（習(xí)慣）用法　　詞性　　冠詞　　連詞和從句引導(dǎo)詞　　動詞不定式　　四、實(shí)例分析　　接下來，我們以考題為例，分析短文改錯題的具體解題流程。 這是一篇議論文，探討學(xué)生是否應(yīng)該打工。第2）小題的局部時態(tài)和主體時態(tài)發(fā)生沖突，而且經(jīng)過進(jìn)一步判斷，屬于時態(tài)錯誤。 文章的第一句是這篇議論文的論點(diǎn)，它明確了全文的立足點(diǎn)：打工有好處。　　第10）小題的代詞“our”有錯誤嫌疑。通過閱讀下文，我們得出至少有兩個層面的“好處”，因此把a(bǔ)dvantage改為advantages；　　第2）小題，studying at school. One of them was that中，我們已經(jīng)解釋過了，時態(tài)錯誤，應(yīng)將was改為is；　　第3）小題，they can earn money. For the most part,中，沒有錯誤，for the most part為習(xí)慣表達(dá)，表示“最主要的原因是”，且語法無誤；　　第4）students working to earn money for their own中，working是非謂語形式，導(dǎo)致該句沒有謂語，是一個典型的不完整句，因此要將working改為work，還原其謂語功能。將by改為with；　　第9）小題，the money. Some students may also to save中，情態(tài)動詞和不定時的語法問題，應(yīng)該將to去掉；　　第10）小題，up for our college or future ，我們解釋過了，這里的代詞our與全文的敘述角度發(fā)生沖突?！　〈笾律希涛母腻e涵蓋面較廣，本文只是總結(jié)了數(shù)年考試題型做了歸納，總之這類題十分注意細(xì)節(jié)。Exercise 2　　Dear students,　　The Students’ Union was going to hold an English Speech 1. _______　　contest in the evening of December 30. The purpose 2. _______　　is increase the students’ interest in learning English and 3. _______　　improve their spoken English. Which is going to be held in4. _______　　the school main hall and will begins at 7:30. And the 5. _______　　best five students of this English contest will be given6. _______　　prizes. Someone in Grade Three will be 7. _______　　wele to take part in it. Those would like to take part 8. _______　　in this contest should go to the office of the Students’9. _______　　Union and sign it up your names and the topics of your 10. ______　　English Speech.　　Wele to this great fun!　　答案及解析　　1. was改為is。指具體某一天的晚上， 要用介詞on。此處為不定式作表語。此處應(yīng)用it指代前文的an English Speech contest， 如用which指代則無主句。will后需用動詞原形與will共同構(gòu)成謂語部分?！　?. Someone改為Everyone?！　?. Those后加who?！　?. go改為e。所以要用e而不用go。此句中已有賓語your names， 不需用it。此處應(yīng)構(gòu)成“主語+系動詞+表語”句型。about是介詞， 后面應(yīng)接名詞、 代詞、 動名詞作賓語。　　4. contains改為contain。主語programs為復(fù)數(shù)形式。information為不可數(shù)名詞。because后面應(yīng)接一個句子； 而because of后面應(yīng)接名詞、 代詞、 動名詞。be ready to do ， 意為“準(zhǔn)備做某事”。have time to do “有時間做某事”。主謂一致錯誤?！　?0. discuss改為discussed。此處動詞discuss與其邏輯主語subjects應(yīng)為被動關(guān)系， 故用discussed作定語。此處depend為不及物動詞， 應(yīng)與on連用， 表示“依賴， 依靠”。warm為形容詞， 在its后應(yīng)用名詞warmth作feel的賓語。此處consider為及物動詞， 直接接賓語?！　?. their改為its。　　6. spend改為take。　　7. by改為in。　　8. satellite改為star。　　9. make改為makes?！　?0. 刪去to。Exercise 5　　After I finished the school this year, I began to 1. _______　　look for work. Now several month later, I still hadn’t2. _______　　found the job that I was interested. Last Sunday morning3. _______　　I received a phone call from a man calling him Mr. Smith. 4. _______　　He said to me on the phone, “I hear you do very 5. _______　　well in your studies. I may provide a job for you.” I entered 6. _______　　his office with a beaten heart. How I hoped that I 7. _______　　will go through the job hunting talk today and he would8. _______　　take me on as a lab assistant. But to my surprised, 9. _______　　what he said disappointing. He only needed a model. 10. ______　　答案及解析　　1. 刪去the。finish school意為“完成學(xué)業(yè)， 畢業(yè)”， school為抽象名詞， 前不加冠詞。名詞單復(fù)數(shù)錯誤。　　3. interested后加in。be interested in是固定詞組。代詞錯誤， 根據(jù)文意應(yīng)為“自稱是”。動詞錯誤?！　?. 此行無錯。非謂語動詞錯誤。　　8. will改為would。主句是過去時， 賓語從句要用相應(yīng)的時態(tài)。to one’s surprise/joy為習(xí)語搭配， 只能是名詞。動詞謂語漏用錯誤。Exercise 6　　Once an old man saw a bag on his way to home. 1. _______　　In the bag there was a wolf. It was catching and put in 2. _______　　the bag by a shepherd(牧羊人) a few minutes ago.　　The wolf asked the old man to let him . _______　　The old man took pity on him and opened . _______　　When the wolf got out, said to the old man, “I am very hungry. 5. _______　　I want to eat you.” The other old man could do nothing 6. _______　　and cry for help. Just then the shepherd came and saw this. 7. _______　　He beat the wolf to death by a stick. Then he said to the 8. _______　　old man, “wolves want to eat men all the time. It’s nature 9. _______　　will never change. We should took this as a good lesson.” 10. ______　　答案及解析　　1. 刪去to。　　2. catching改為caught。　　3. 此行無錯。bag在此重復(fù)提到， 為特指。代詞漏用錯誤?！　?. 刪去other?！　?. and(cry)改為but(cry)?！　?. by改為with?！坝谩ぞ摺背Ｓ谩皐ith...”。同音詞混淆錯誤?！　?0. took改為take。Exercise 7　　Dear Sir,　　I’m glad to remend (推薦) to you my friend Li Ming.　　Li Ming was born on July 15, in 1974 in Beijing. 1. _______　　He graduated from Xisi Primary School in 1986. 2. _______　　When he was in the middle school, he did good in maths, 3. _______　　physics and chemistry and fond of art. After graduating 4. _______　　from High School, he entered into Beijing 5. _______　　University study physics. After four years of hard 6. _______　　work there, he went to the United States for farther7. _______　　study. Because of his excellent work, he get a doctor’s 8. _______　　degree in physics this year. He is now in good　　health but would like to make contributions to our 9. _______　　country. I should be most grateful if you would favorably　　consider my remendation.　　Looking forward to receive your early . ______　　Yours truly,　　Wang Li　　答案及解析　　1. 刪去1974前的in?！　?. 此行無錯。固定詞組be good at, do well in意為“在……學(xué)得很好”。動詞謂語殘缺錯誤。　　5. 刪去into?！　?. study前加to?！　?. farther改為further?！　?. get改為got?！　?. but改為and?！　?0. receive改為receiving。Exercise 8　　Sept. 10th Wednesday Fine　　Today is Teacher’s Day. I attended a celebration1. _______　　meeting hold by our school. At the meeting, 25 2. _______　　advanced teachers were praised and those had3. _______　　pleted 30 years of teaching were given . _______　　My the first English teacher was one of those . _______　　After