美國(guó)文學(xué)主要流派及其代表作-在線瀏覽
2024-09-19 16:04本頁(yè)面
【正文】 ontrol and none of which they fully understand. Here are three major concepts of literary naturalism in the broad abstract way:(1) Humans are controlled by laws of heredity and environment.(2) The universe is cold, godless, indifferent and hostile to human desires.(3) The literary naturalists have a major difference from the realists: the difference is restraint, not action itself。Theodore Dreiser: Sister Carrie (1899), An American Tragedy (1925)Modernism From 1890s to early 1940s, modernism became an international tendency against positivism and representational art and literature. The essence of modernism is a break with the past and it also fosteres a belief in art and literature as an avenue to selffulfillment. Modernism takes shape in a convergence of tendencies in modern culture, accidental circumstances and concerts efforts on the past of influential writers, some politically conservative and some radical. It includes a wide range of artistic expressions such as symbolism, impressionism, postimpressionism, futurism, imagism, vorticism, expressionism, dada, and surrealism. Its major features are:(1) Modernism dramatizes discontinuity and imminent severance from the past while making determined efforts to use the past, its values and artistic forms, lay emphasis on incorporating them in new literary production.(2) Modernists have a sense of fragmentation in social munities and the fragmentation within the individual himself.(3) The distinctive feature of literary modernism is its strong and conscious break with traditional perceptions and techniques of expression, and its great concern with language all aspects of its medium.Its representatives and their major works are:Thomas Stearns Eliot: The Hollow Men (1922) Ash Wednesday (1930)。 Updike: The Centaur (1964)Postmodernism 1963 is identified as the beginning of Postmodernism. It is characterized by a multiplicity of individual voices. And postmodern fiction shares a mon sense that a crisis is at hand for society and for literature and that all forms of dogma, con
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