【正文】 ion starts from the realization that the soldiers were always unevenly distributed across the country. Areas rapidly incorporated into the empire were not long affected by the military. Where the army remained stationed, its presence was much more influential. The imposition of a military base involved the requisition of native lands for both the fort and the territory needed to feed and exercise the soldiers39。 TPO19 閱讀 The Roman Army39。s Impact on Britain In the wake of the Roman Empire39。 animals. The imposition of military rule also robbed local leaders of opportunities to participate in local government, so social development was stunted and the seeds of disaffection sown. This then meant that the military had to remain to suppress rebellion and anize government. Economic exchange was clearly very important as the Roman army brought with it very substantial spending power. Locally a fort had two kinds of impact. Its large population needed food and other supplies. Some of these were certainly brought from long distances, but demands were inevitably placed on the local area. Although goods could be requisitioned, they were usually paid for, and this probably stimulated changes in the local economy. When not campaigning, soldiers needed to be occupied。s conquest of Britain in the first century ., a large number of troops stayed in the new province, and these troops had a considerable impact on Britain with their camps, fortifications, and participation in the local economy. 】 Assessing the impact of the army on the civilian population starts from the realization that the soldiers were always unevenly distributed across the country. Areas rapidly incorporated into the empire were not long affected by the military. Where the army remained stationed, its presence was much more influential. The imposition of a military base involved the requisition of native lands for both the fort and the territory needed to feed and exercise the soldiers39。 ，對象不對，原文中不是針對 local population） ○It created discontent and made continuing military occupation necessary（ so social development was stunted and the seeds of disaffection sown. This then meant that the military had to remain to suppress rebellion and anize government. ） ○It required local labor to construct forts and feed and exercise the soldiers39。s conquest of Britain in the first century ., a large number of troops stayed in the new province, and these troops had a considerable impact on Britain with their camps, fortifications, and participation in the local economy.【抽象的首句，同時(shí)是總起句，提示下文的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)， camps, fortifications, and participation in the local economy】 Assessing the impact of the army on the civilian population starts from the realization that the soldiers were always unevenly distributed across the country.【影響不均衡， P 那里強(qiáng)，那里弱，哪方面強(qiáng)】 Areas rapidly incorporated into the empire were not long affected by the military. 【影響弱】Where the army remained stationed, its presence was much more influential. 【影響強(qiáng)， P 哪方面強(qiáng)】 The imposition of a military base involved the requisition of native lands for both the fort and the territory needed to feed and exercise the soldiers39。 otherwise they represented a potentially dangerous source of friction and disloyalty. Hence a writing tablet dated 25 April tells of 343 men at one fort engaged on tasks like shoemaking, building a bathhouse, operating kilns, digging clay, and working lead. Such activities had a major effect on the local area, in particular with the construction of infrastructure such as roads, which improved access to remote areas. 5The wordfriction in the passage is closet in meaning to ○rebellion ○conflict ○neglect ○crime 6The author mentions 343 men at one fort engaged on tasks like shoemaking, building a bathhouse, operating kilns, digging clay, and working lead in order to ○describe the kinds of tasks soldiers were required to perform as punishment for disloyalty or misdeeds（ punishment 無中生有） ○illustrate some of the duties assigned to soldiers to keep them busy and wellbehaved when not involved in military paigns（ Hence 提示原因在前面，When not campaigning, soldiers needed to be occupied。 otherwise they represented a potentially dangerous source of friction and disloyalty. 【第二個(gè)影響，原因士兵閑置的危害】 Hence a writing tablet dated 25 April tells of 343 men at one fort engaged on tasks like shoemaking, building a bathhouse, operating kilns, digging clay, and working lead. 【解決危害的辦法，建設(shè)】 Such activities had a major effect on the local area, in particular with the construction of infrastructure such as roads, which improved access to remote areas.【產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果， access to remote areas 遠(yuǎn)程供給】 substantial adj. 堅(jiān)固的 。s auxiliary regiments of the Roman army? ○Membership in these regiments reached its highest point during the reign of the emperor Hadrian（ H的時(shí)間不在 peak 范圍內(nèi)） ○Most of the units recruited in Britain were sent to Morocco and other stations outside Europe （ most） ○Soldiers served in the regiments for many years and after retirement gengerally stayed where they had been stationed（此題提到兩個(gè)去處，選項(xiàng)只提到一個(gè)） ○Most of the regiments stationed on the frontier were new units transferred from a neighboring province（ Newly raised regiments were normally transferred to another province from whence it was unlikely that individual recruits would ever ） 10According to paragraph 4, all of the following changes could be seen in the frontier garrisons by the later Roman period EXCEPT ○Membership in the units passed from father to son（ service in units became effectively hereditary） ○Fewer soldiers were stationed at the forts（ only rarely transferred） ○Soldiers usually were not transferred to different locations （ only rarely transferred） ○Frontier units became more effective and proficient （ were no longer populated or main