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found that he______his ticket in the office.(2005) A has left B was leaving C had left D would leave分析:考查過去完成時。主句的行為發(fā)生在從句之前,時態(tài)就要提前?!揪渥哟笠狻縎mith 到達機場時才發(fā)現(xiàn)機票落在辦公室了。答案C?!揪渥哟笠狻孔詮牡郊~約以來,Thomas已經(jīng)有了15次的工作面試了。答案:D?!揪渥哟笠狻康?100年,將會有許多不同的交通方式發(fā)展起來了。這里只討論被動。最基本的表現(xiàn)形式是“be +過去分詞(+by)”其中be有時態(tài),人稱和數(shù)的變化,也可以構(gòu)成否定或疑問句;過去分詞作定語在一定的句式中或名詞前也表示被動的含義。下面通過部分例子進行說明。答案C。【句子大意】昂貴的家具加上仔細挑選的色系,使得這個房間看起來非常豪華。答案C?!揪渥哟笠狻磕銒寢屪龅娜髦畏浅:贸?。(2005)A are being painted B are painted C are painting D have been painting分析:考查被動語態(tài)。這里表示新房子正在被粉刷,并且是現(xiàn)在進行的動作,所以應(yīng)當用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。 虛擬語氣 語氣有三種,陳述、祈使和虛擬。虛擬語氣實際上是一種動詞形式。面對這類考題,考生需要熟記虛擬語氣規(guī)則??忌筛鶕?jù)所給的主句在選項中找與之相配的從句,或反之;根據(jù)所給的帶有命令、建議等含義的謂語動詞或名詞判斷其從句中的謂語動詞是否該用虛擬語氣等。 本句為虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu),主句為could have warned 引導的現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài),從句要用過去完成時態(tài)had done的形式。【句子大意】如果我們早點知道的話,就會警告人們有危險發(fā)生。 本句為虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu),remend后的賓語從句應(yīng)使用虛擬語氣,謂語動詞用(should)+動詞原形的形式,should可以省略。主謂一致與倒裝一、主謂一致 要點1就近原則:not only.......but also。 neither........nor?!?要點2 就遠原則:在主語與謂語之間插入短語 as well as ,together with, along with, with, except, but謂語動詞不受插入語的影響仍和主語保持一致。主謂一致是指句子的謂語動詞要與句子的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。三、 倒裝句:四、 要點1 only +副詞/ 介詞短語/狀語從句置于句首強調(diào)時,后面的主語與謂語必須部分倒裝。 倒裝句有疑問句、there be 句型、表愿望的句子、感嘆句等。如so neither nor等等。(2) 有些副詞和連詞引導的分句也需要倒裝。如as引導的分句需將被強調(diào)的詞前置到句首,即as前,但主謂語順序不變。(3) 有些副詞引導的句子,如here there now then out in down up away等等,需要主謂語倒裝。(4) 具有否定意義的詞或短語作句首時,主謂語倒裝。(5) Only作句首強調(diào)副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句時主謂倒裝,但強調(diào)主語時不倒裝。主語the relationship 是不可數(shù)名詞,且句子是對事實的一般性敘述,所以謂語動詞應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的單數(shù)形式。例2:Only by telling the truth ____ with the trust and support of your friends.(2014)A you did B you can you D can you說明:考查倒裝句式。結(jié)合句意可知,句子應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時?!揪渥哟笠狻恐挥刑拐\才能記你贏得朋友的信任與支持。當主語后跟有介詞短語together with時,謂語動詞的數(shù)與介詞短語前的主語一致?!揪渥哟笠狻块_始下雨時,那個老人和他的鄰居正在欣賞表演。但在試卷中往往是從連詞的辨析角度考查考生對從句掌握的情況。下面是??歼B詞的比較說明。 As表示非常明顯的原因,通常指因果關(guān)系,主句為重點,其引導的從句可放在所要說明的句子前或后。 For是并列連詞,表示推理、解釋,其引導的分句只能放在所要說明的分句的后面?!猋ou’ll see him, for he’s ing. 你會見到他的,因為他就要來了。(2) 表示時間的連詞:when \while\ as,表示“當。When 引導的從句可表示特定的時間或一段時間。As強調(diào)主句與從句的動作是在同一時間點或同一時間段的時間進行的,有表示“一邊,一邊”之意。注意:while有對比的意思,強調(diào)不同的狀態(tài)或情況。表示時間的連詞:since\ until \tillSince表示“自從”,從什么時候以來?!狧e hasn’t played football since he left 。Not until置句首時,主句要倒裝。表示時間的連詞:as soon as \no sooner…than\ hardly…when表示“一….就….”。No sooner A than B表示剛做完事情A就做事情B.Hardly A when B表示還沒來得及做完事情A緊接著就開始做事情B.—As soon as she entered the room she knew there was something 。注意:as soon as還有“盡可能”之意。(3) 表示目的、結(jié)果、原因的連詞:so that so…that such…that. So that 表示“以便”、“為了”、“能夠”,其引導的從句中的謂語通常與can may should等連用;也表示“因此”此時,不一定與情態(tài)動詞連用?!狧e didn’t plan his time well so that he didn’t finish his work on ,所以沒按時完成任務(wù)。以至”只是所修飾的詞不同。 公式:so+形容詞/副詞+that Such+(a/an)名詞+ that So+形容詞+(a/an) 名詞+ that Such+(a/an) 形容詞+名詞+ that So +many/much/few/little+名詞+ that—There were so many people in the shop that I couldn’t get into it. 商店里人太多,我都進不去了?!猄he is such a lovely girl that we all like ,我們都喜歡她。所謂非限制性定語從句是指只對所修飾的詞作一種補充說明,主句和從句在意義上相對獨立,如去掉從句不會對主句有影響,主、從句之間用逗號隔開。(5)表示條件的連詞:unless if…not only if。但這種互換不適于當if用在與事實相反的條件句中。—We will go outing tomorrow if it does not ,我們明天去郊游?!狾nly if I get a job will I have enough money to go to 。If only 但愿、要是。多好呀!表示期盼、遺憾等情感。Even if/ though即便、哪怕。—What if he tells a lie?他若是說謊怎么辦?—If only the alarm clock had !—Even if I have to sell my house I’ll keep my ,我也要堅持我的事業(yè)。答案:,且在從句中作狀語。例2:I did not notice that my dog was missing_____ a moment ago.(2013)A before B until C to D on 說明:考查not…until的用法。答案:B。例3:The little boy won’t go to sleep his mother tells him a story.(2005)A how B which C that D unless說明:考查表示條件的連詞。【句子大意】小男孩不肯睡覺,除非媽媽給他講故事。這也是對考生能否將語言的基本知識運用到實際的閱讀當中的一種考查方式。所以考生一定要明白發(fā)生了什么,才能選出正確的答案。完形填空的做題步驟通常為四步。文章開頭第一句和第二句很重要,它告訴讀者這篇文章是關(guān)于什么的。這一步要速度快、粗略,目的是了解文章大意,為選擇正確答案打基礎(chǔ)。這一步要求考生隨時顧及上下文,一定要根據(jù)上下文辨析所給四個選項的詞義,選擇答案。這次的通讀是將所有空填好后的通讀,檢查所選詞是否符合上下文的意思。完形填空的出題方式以詞為主,名次、動詞的各種形式,以及形容詞、副詞、介詞、連詞、代詞等。Ⅲ.Cloze(30 points)Directions:For each blank in the following passage,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Every woman dreams of receiving a huge priceless diamond.Now space scientists 21____ that they have discovered the largest diamond in the universe.But it’s well 22____ the reach of the most loves truck men because it39。 pounds,the rock Was found on Valentine’ s Day 24____ in the core of a white dwarf star, and it has excited the 25____ world.“It’s the mother of all diamonds,”said Travis Metcalfe,26____ led the team of researchers at the HarvardSmithsonian Centre,“and you would need a jeweler’S loupe(專用放大鏡),the size of the Sun,to 27____ this diamond.”The largest diamond 28____ on earth was the 3,106carat(克拉)Cullinan.It Was cut 29____ nine major stones,including the 530carat Star of Africa,now a part of the Crown Jewels.Diamonds were 30____ discovered in India more than 2,800 years ago.The Ancient Romans 31____ that the stones were broken pieces of stars that had 32____ to earth.In Ancient Egypt,diamonds were used in funerals. In the Middle Ages,men 33____ them to symbolize their courage and strength.The 34____ of giving them as presents dates from 1477,35____ Maximilian,the prince of Austria, gave a diamond ring to Mary of Burgundy.21.A.a(chǎn)dmit C.exploreReveal 透露,泄露正確22.A.under C.beyond【解析】考查介詞的區(qū)別,A.under“在……之下“ D.within。 B.certain D.correct【答案】A【解析】to be precise 精確的,確切的24.A.buried C.builtburied隱藏 。 blend混合25.A.physical C.material26.A.who C.that27.A.measure C.grade Grade鑒定,分等級。 B.drawn D.found【答案】D【翻譯】地球上發(fā)現(xiàn)的最大的鉆石是3,106克拉的“庫林娜”【解析】空格后的was是本句的謂語,說明空格中不缺謂語,缺少分詞作定語,然后根據(jù)句子意思可以選出D29.A.from C.byCut……into,“切割”,本題考查動詞短語的固定搭配。 B.last D.newly【答案】A【解析】鉆石最早是2800多年前在印度發(fā)現(xiàn)的。 B.believed D.confirmed【答案】A【翻譯】 古羅馬人相信大石頭被打成小星星,落到地球上。 C.suspected “懷疑” D.confirmed“證實”,根據(jù)翻譯可知應(yīng)選B32.A.fallen C.left B.viewed D.wore【答案】D【解析】人們佩戴鉆石,以此代表勇氣和力氣。 B.tradition D.culture【答案】B【解析】傳統(tǒng)上,把鉆石作為禮物始于1477年,當奧地利的王子把一枚鉆戒送給勃艮第的Ma