【正文】 different.irritateds one plus two?t know.idiot?Whether these stories are cartoons or jokes, told by a[N]PUNSThey use the technique of similar sounding words or alternative meanings of the same word.For example, the riddle or trick question often uses a pun in the setup, the story line, or, more often, the punch line.One person asks, What is black and white and red all over?Thereplies, A newspaper.This is the obvious answer if one knows that red is pronounced the same as read in English, but the meanings are clearly different.[12](French for double meanings) are special variations of puns in which words or phrases have double the two meanings are very different, and one is quite proper while the second is often, but not always,I like the somewhat mild story of a school teacher and aof a high school who are concerned because some boys and girls have been seen kissing on the school playground.Hearing someThislaughable.Some professional humorists think too much of today39。They dislike theor vulgar language used too frequently, and they feel that most humorists are not very creative.s humor is rather shocking, but I don39。for that.and well, and it will persist simply because there are funny things happening every day.entertaining(1,346 words)On my first job as sports editor for the Montpelier (Ohio)t get a lot of fan mail,intrigued[2]It was signed by Don Wolfe, the sports editor.columnt have been more[N]rageared.Don39。[3]made a[N]writing a quick, encouraging word[N]walks of life.Not surprisingly, he had a body of friends as big asLake Erie[N].When he died last year at 75, the paper was flooded with calls and letters[N]recipientsspiritlifting[5]ve tried to copy the example of Don and other friends who care enough to write uplifting ments, because I think theyimportant.unresponsive, such notes bring warmth and reassurance.[6]upbeatMy guess is that many whothe practice are too selfconscious[N].re afraid they39。sentimentalinsincere. it39。[7]drawbackt last.moreourIt is a matter of record[N], and our words can be read more than once,and treasured.Even though note writing may take longer, some pretty busy people do it, including George Bush.much of his success in politics to his everready[N]Throughout his career he hasvirtuallyevery contact with aresponse—a pliment, a line of praise or a nod of thanks.[N]a warm pat on the back[9]characterizedtough, cold andliftup.[N]Former Ford chairman Donald Peterson, who is largely credited forthe panyin the 1980s, made it a practice to write positive messages to associates every day.[N]d justthem on apadpassalong, he says. The most important ten minutes of your day are those you spend doing something to boost the people who work for you.Too often, he observed, people we genuinely like have no idea how we feel about them.t said anything critical。We forget that human beings need positive reinforcement—in fact, weon it![11]Only a willingness to express our appreciation.practitionersinclude what I call the four S39。[12]They are[13]They are usually short.t say what you want to say in three sentences, you39。[14]They are specific.vague。great story about Warren Buffet39。investmentstrategy is[15]They areThis gives them theand enthusiasm that will linger in the reader39。[16]s difficult to be spontaneous when you have to hunt for letterwriting materials, so I keep paper,envelopes and stamps close at hand, even when I travel.stationeryt necessary。s the thought that counts.So, who around youA neighbor, your librarian, a relative, yourYou don39。poetic.milestone, the anniversary of a special event you shared, or a birthday or holiday.ve prepared an annual Christmas letter forfriends, and I often add a handwritten word of thanks or congratulations.[18]Superlatives like greatest, smartest, prettiest make us all feel good. Even if your praise is a little ahead of reality, remember that expectations are often the parents of dreams fulfilled.[N]Today I got a warm,letter from my old boss andmentor, Norman Vincent Peale.typewriteroverdueI don39。make anybody else39。As my friend Don Wolfe said, making others feel good about themselves makes me feel good too.innumerableconstituteand feminine are patterned by both heredity and culture.culturallygenderSome of this learning takes place directly.feminineOther details of gender behavior are taught unconsciously, or[2]biasAccording to the researchers, the bias isand unconscious, but it is there and it is influencing the lives of millions of schoolchildren every year.nonsexistbiasedFrom nursery school[N]courses, teachers were shown tomales in class far more than on female students.more positive attitudes and go on to higher achievement.s colleges[N]northeasternthe classroom discussions and that activeparticipationnoticeably.of female to male students has also been observed in law and medical school classrooms in recent years.Research done by the Sadkers showed that sometimes teachersunknowinglythem different tasks in accordance with stereotyped gender roles.nurseryputtingaway.with classroom materials is a very important aspect of early education, the girls were thus being deprived of alearning experience that would affect their entire lives.Another dimension ofeducation is the typical American teacher39。As an example of a selffulfilling prophecy, American boys do, indeed, develop reading problems, while girls, who are superior to boys in maththe age of nine,from then on.[N]geneticpatterns.are considered masculine, and it is girls who develop reading problems.[5]One study, for example, showed that whenpreschoolersapprovedThese lessonsfrom the home to the classroom, where girls are generally observed to be more dependent on the teacher, more concerned with the form andof their work than with its content, and more anxious about being right in their answers than in being intellectually independent, ana