【正文】 own many miles away from the fruitbearing tree. There are also a large number of reptiles and mammals in the rainforest. Since the weather is so hoi and humid during the day, most rainforest mammals are active only at night, dusk or dawn. The many rainforest bat species are especially well adapted for this lifestyle. Using their sonar, bats navigate easily through the mass of trees in the rainforest, feeding on insects and fruit. While most rainforest species spend their lives in the trees, there is also a lot of life on the forest floor. Great apes, wild pigs, big cats and even elephants can all be found in rainforests. There are a number of people who live in the rainforests, as well. These tribes— which, up until recently, numbered in the thousands— are being forced out of the rainforests at an alarming rate because of deforestation. Deforestation In the past hundred years, humans have begun destroying rainforests at an alarming rate. Today, roughly acres of rainforest are destroyed every second. People are cutting down the rainforests in pursuit of three major resources: ? Land for crops ? Lumber for paper and other wood products ? Land for livestock pastures In the current economy, people obviously have a need for all of these resources. But almost all experts agree that, overtime, we will suffer much more from the destruction of the rainforests than we will benefit. The world39。re losing. If deforestation continues at its current rate, the world39。文章第一段綜述了“熱帶雨林是地球上最古老、最具多態(tài)性的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)?！睂?duì)照第一段第二句 “ but” 后面的“ they are home to over half of the pla’s plant and animal species與題目中的Virtually all plant and animal species on Earth can be found in tropical rainforests可以知道“ over half of”與“ virtually all”是有出入的。本題考查熱帶雨林的全年天氣情況。在第四段的結(jié)尾得出本段的總結(jié)句“ Consequently， the weather in these regions remains fairlv constant．’注意這兒又用了“ constant”，意為“持續(xù)不變的”?？焖贋g覽各小標(biāo)題可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，文中并沒(méi)有專門(mén)談到熱帶雨林在各大洲的分布情況。 4． N．細(xì)節(jié)題。不難找出在第五段倒數(shù)第二句出現(xiàn)了“ canopy”這個(gè)詞，閱讀此句會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)很重要的詞“ thinner”。第六段的最后一句話對(duì)此作出了解釋。 5． some older trees “ tree seedlings”可以定位到文中小標(biāo)題“ The Forest for the Trees”，此部分第一段第三句與此題一致，可以直接得出答案。文中第一次出現(xiàn)“ epiphytes(附生植物 )”這個(gè)詞在小標(biāo)題“ The Forest for the Trees”下面的第三段第一句話，再往下快速瀏覽，會(huì)找到“ water”，“ nutrients等詞，答案也就很容易找到了。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞在文中找到小標(biāo)題“ Stranglers and Buttresses”下面的內(nèi)容，此部分的第一段結(jié)尾處解釋了“ Stranglers”的摧毀作用與原因，尤其注意“ that the host tree dies”。 8． “ rainforest bacteria，“ trees，“ the relationship”可以在“ Stranglers and Buttresses”部分的第三段的第一、二句話中找到對(duì)應(yīng)的說(shuō)法“ Rainforest bacteria and trees have a very close， symbiotic(共生的 )relationship．” 9． insects and birds. 從本題的信息詞“ plant species”可以定位到文中小標(biāo)題“ All Creatures，Great and Small”部分去找答案，根據(jù)信息詞“ dispersed over a larger area”不難在本部分第二段最后一句和第三段首句找出答案，即“昆蟲(chóng)和鳥(niǎo)兒 在植物種子散布方面起到重要的作用。從倒數(shù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“ Destroying the rainforests is parable to destroying an unknown plawe have no idea what we’ re losing． 可以找到答案。因此，考生在做題時(shí)，可以按題號(hào)順序做題， 依次在文中尋找 答案。從題目類型看，快速閱讀題的 4道正誤判斷題，一般由主旨題、細(xì)節(jié)題和推論題構(gòu)成。推論題，就是對(duì)文章的結(jié)論、作者的態(tài)度和文章的邏輯進(jìn)行推理。另外 6道短句填空題，則是具體針對(duì)某一部分內(nèi)容出題，相對(duì)集中在某個(gè)小標(biāo)題下面的幾個(gè)段落。 1) 對(duì)號(hào)入座 正誤判斷題：如果題目使用的是原文的同義詞、同義表達(dá)法以及對(duì)原文的簡(jiǎn)單歸納或者題目表達(dá)的范疇小于原文范疇 (即原文內(nèi)容包含題目 )，應(yīng)判斷為 Y；如果題目使用的是原文的反義詞、反義表達(dá)法、信息與原文相矛盾或者題目表達(dá)的范疇大于原文范疇 (即原文內(nèi)容不包含題目 )，應(yīng)判斷為 N；如果是原文未提及的內(nèi)容、混淆了的事實(shí)和非事實(shí) (如愿望、想法等 )，應(yīng)判斷為 NG。所以做推論題時(shí)特別要小心判斷 NG的情況。大多數(shù)情況下，題．目的句子結(jié)構(gòu)與原文句子結(jié)構(gòu)幾乎一樣，只要確定了關(guān)鍵詞，就能快速定位答案。在做短句填空的時(shí)候，一定要注意填數(shù)字的題目別忘了帶上單位，比如“￥， $， mile， F， C， km／ h”等。不能憑空猜想或借助自己已有的知識(shí)。就算自己的知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備相當(dāng)全面，但是原文中沒(méi)有提及，也只能回答 NG，而不是 N。最常見(jiàn)的有： both， only， all，never， always， usually，等等。在回答細(xì)節(jié)題目的時(shí)候，往往不注意這些修飾性的小詞，導(dǎo)致判斷失誤。大部分的情況下，出現(xiàn)這些詞的細(xì)節(jié)題答 案是 N，當(dāng)然并非絕對(duì)。因?yàn)檫@兩類題目需要考生在原文基礎(chǔ)上適度地思考推理，才能得出正確答案。 5) 平時(shí)訓(xùn)練 在平時(shí)訓(xùn)練快速閱讀時(shí)，除了靈活運(yùn)用查讀和略讀技巧之外，還要有意識(shí)地訓(xùn)練自己的短期記憶能力和眼睛移動(dòng)的技能。如果我們短期記 憶不夠好，閱讀完了又忘了題目，再去看題定位，速度沒(méi)有了，準(zhǔn)確度更是談不上了。 6) 避免錯(cuò)誤情況 在進(jìn)行快速閱讀時(shí)，有些錯(cuò)誤情況需要避免。這些錯(cuò)誤方法都會(huì)影響我們的閱讀速度。新老試卷最大的區(qū)別就是由原來(lái)的四篇文章二 十道題變?yōu)閮善恼率李}。從樣題看，主要還是考察考生的兩大能力，即抓住主題和定位原文。 傳統(tǒng)閱讀題，在體裁上包含了常所用的各種文體，如記敘文、說(shuō) 明文、議論文、人物傳記、新聞報(bào)道等。而各類題目大都有自己的慣用句式。所以，熟悉一些慣用句式對(duì)我們是非常有益的。實(shí)際上，要做好傳統(tǒng)閱讀題，還是需要將查讀、略讀和細(xì)讀結(jié)合在一起。這兩段通常會(huì)概括文章的主旨，也就是文后主旨題的答案。在看完兩段話之后，可以先回答后面的主旨題。根據(jù)文后題目，在文中找尋關(guān)鍵詞。 d. 略讀文章。 2 篇章層次的詞匯理解 (Banked Cloze)或簡(jiǎn)答 (Short Answer Questions) 1)篇章選詞題 這種新題型，對(duì)于眾多考生而言，既陌生又有一定的難度，具有較強(qiáng)的區(qū)分度。該部分測(cè)試重點(diǎn)在于把握文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，主要考察考生對(duì)諸如連貫性、一致性、邏輯聯(lián)系等語(yǔ)篇、語(yǔ)段整體特征的把握以及單詞在實(shí)際語(yǔ)境中 的理解，即要求考生在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上了解文章的宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)，理解掌握具體的單詞。 篇章詞匯部分，與完型填空有些相似，都是從備選答案中選出一詞填入短文中。從這一點(diǎn)看，篇章詞匯理解題與快速閱讀的目的是一致的，即強(qiáng)調(diào)考生對(duì)閱讀篇章的整體理解。略讀是要抓住文章的中心思想，而查讀則是重點(diǎn)關(guān)注選擇項(xiàng)的詞性。 如以下練習(xí)： Nature has a perfect system for recycling water． Water is used again and again． It falls as rain． Then it goes to one of three places． It might seep___1__through the soil as it soaks through into the natural reservoirs underground． It might____2___into the air by evaporating quickly． It might run off into streams to rivers and to the oceans． There is a problem with this recycling system． It is a balance that can be easily upset by people． Nature’s__3__system can work well only if people work with the systemnot against it． Some ways that people interfere with nature are___4___to understand． Dirty sewage water from homes and factories must not___5___with drinking water． People would get____6__from drinking dirty water． There are other ways that people___7___ nature． Some of these ways are not SO easy to understand． For example， a marshy bog may not be good for everything， but it serves an important purpose． The soft， wet soil of a bog allows water to___8___the underground reservoirs． What happens to the balance of nature if the bog