【正文】 ?不可濫用字面意義直譯法 ?盡量少用意譯法和直譯加注法 Translation Methods 習語翻譯的基本方法 ? 1. 直譯法 ： 在不違背譯文語言規(guī)范以及不 引起譯文讀者錯誤理解的情況下，在譯文中保留原文成語的形象、修辭手段和民族特色 ? 2. 同義習語借用法 : 有些習語在內(nèi)容形式和色彩上都符合 , 可借用 ? 3. 意譯法 : 無法直譯 , 也無法借用時 , 則意譯 ? 4. 直譯兼意譯 :部分直譯 ,部分意譯 ,直意參半法 ? 5. 省略法 : 四字重疊詞組因追求音韻美 ,前后兩部分意義相同或相近時 , 只需譯出一部分或只譯其意義 , 可以不考慮重疊的部分。 ? 7. 還原法： 有些習語源于外語，翻譯時可使之還原。 ? 9. 粗俗語回避法： 對于粗俗語，通常采用回避的方法，即借用英語同義習語或意譯等方法來處理。 小題大做 make a mountain out of a molehill （ 可借用 ） 班門弄斧： to teach a fish to swim（ 可借用 ） 謀事在人，成事在天 Man proposes, God disposes.（ 不可借用 ） 3)不借用形象或比喻的 , 可放心借用 迂回曲折 twists and turns 斷斷續(xù)續(xù) off and on 渙然一心 spick and span 亂七八糟 at sixes and sevens 挖空心思 to rack one?s brains 針鋒相對 to give tit for tat 歸化？異化？你來選擇 ?竭澤而漁 ? To drain a pond to catch all the fish ? Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs ?打草驚蛇 ? To stir up the grass and alert the snake ? Wake a sleeping dog ?易如反掌 ? As easy as turning over one?s hand ? As easy as falling off a log ?掌上明珠 ?A pearl in the palm ?The apple of one?s eye ?守口如瓶 ?To keep one?s mouth closed like a bottle ?To keep a still tongue in one?s head ?雪中送炭 ?To send charcoal in snowy weather ?To help a lame dog over stile ?畫蛇添足 ?To draw a snake and add feet to it ?To paint the lily 3. 意譯法 : 犧牲形象 , 割舍文化因子 胸有成竹 To have a wellthoughtout plan before doing sth 桃李滿天下 To have students all over the world 葉公好龍 Professed love of what one really fears 東施效顰 Crude imitation with ludicrous effect 南柯一夢 A fond dream or illusory joy/fond dream 四面楚歌 To be besieged on all sides 懸梁刺股 To be extremely hardworking in one?s studies 初出茅廬 At the beginning of one?s career 罄竹難書 (of crimes) too numerous to mention 傾城傾國 To be extremely beautiful 輜珠必較 To haggle over every penny 毛遂自薦 To volunteer one?s service 4. 直譯兼意譯 ?無親無故 without a single relative or friend to help her out ?斬草除根 pluck up the evil by the roots ?風餐露宿 braving the wind and dew ?賊眉鼠眼 to behave stealthily like a thief ?輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè) to toss and turn restlessly ?躍躍欲試 eager to have a try ?狼吞虎咽 to wolf sth. Down 5. 省略法 ?能工巧匠 skilled craftsman ?稱兄道弟 to call each other brothers ?赤手空拳 to be barehanded ?自吹自擂 to blow one?s own trumpets ?心慈手軟 softhearted ?安家落戶 to make one?s home ?拋頭露面 to make one?s own appearance ?愁眉苦臉 to pull on a long face ?長吁短嘆 ? Sighing deeply ?千真萬確 ? Quite true ?油嘴滑舌 ? Glib tongue ?斷子絕孫 ? Ah Q, may you die sonless. ?沉魚落雁之容，閉月羞花之貌。 Sweep the snow from your own front door。 poke not your nose into other people?s business. ? 木已成舟 The wood is already made into a boat what?s done is done. ? 井水不犯河水 Well water and river water leave each other alone stay out of things that don?t concern you. 7. 還原法 ? 牽著鼻子走 lead/be led by the nose ? 火中取栗 cat?s paw/to pull the chestnut out of the fire ? 武裝到了牙齒 be armed to the teeth ? 象沙丁魚罐頭一樣 packed like sardines/jammed together like sardines ? 夾著尾巴跑了 run away with their tails between their legs ? 戰(zhàn)爭販子 war monger ? 死硬派 diehards ? 強權政治 power politics 8. 直譯加注法 ?司馬昭之心，路人皆知。 ?班門弄斧 9. 粗俗語回避法 ?我要去就是王八蛋。 ? Blast it! What a heavy rain! ?真該死，我沒趕上末班車。 ? You can go to the devil! Exercise ? 下列成語性詞語多含有比喻，基本意思相同，但比喻的形象在中文和英文中有區(qū)別。 ? 緣木求魚 to seek a hare in a ?s nest. ? 大海撈針 to look for a needle in a stack. ? 一箭之遙 at a ?s throw. ? 守口如瓶 dumb as an . ? 面如土色 as white as a . ? 膽小如鼠 as timid as a . ? 一模一樣 as like as two . ? 蠢得像豬 as stupid as a . ? 甕中之鱉 like a rat in a . ? 犟得像牛 as stubborn as a . ? 睡得死沉 sleep like a . ? 對牛彈琴 to cast before . ? 一丘之貉 of a feather. ? 掌上明珠 the of one?s eye ? 像落湯雞 as wet as a drowned . ? 滿腹文章 have a crammed with knowledge. ? 高深莫測 as deep as a . ? 像沒頭蒼蠅 as blind as a . ? 無風不起浪 no without . ? 掛羊頭賣狗肉 cry up and sell vinegar. Key ? 緣木求魚 to seek a hare in a hen ?s nest. ? 大海撈針 to look for a needle in a hay stack. ? 一箭之遙 at a stone ?s throw. ? 守口如瓶 dumb as an oyster . ? 面如土色 as white as a sheet . ? 膽小如鼠 as timid as a hare . ? 一模一樣 as like as two peas . ? 蠢得像豬 as stupid as a goose . ? 甕中之鱉 like a rat in a hole . ? 犟得像牛 as stubborn as a mule . ? 睡得死沉 sleep like a log . Key