【正文】 對(duì)于 RT，應(yīng)落實(shí)劃定安全范圍，并提前書面通知相關(guān)單位。 Do practice inspection according to the technics card and task guidance of responding inspection methods. Ⅱ級(jí)相應(yīng)檢測(cè)方法資質(zhì)的人員擔(dān)任，或由Ⅱ級(jí)資質(zhì)人員指導(dǎo)Ⅰ級(jí)資質(zhì)的人員進(jìn)行操作， UT作業(yè)必須由Ⅱ級(jí)資質(zhì)的人員進(jìn)行主要的實(shí)際操作。 the main practice operation of UT must be carried out by inspector who is level Ⅱ . 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)作業(yè)應(yīng)及時(shí)，準(zhǔn)確的做好檢測(cè)原始記錄。并及時(shí)反饋回安裝單位。 Put forward inspection report timely and hand it to installing party. For RT, although the intact inspection report can’ t be produced immediately, the inspection 7 results should hand to the installing party timely. 8 無(wú)損檢測(cè)方案及工藝 NDT inspection project and technics RT檢測(cè)方案 RT inspection project 對(duì)于 1300m179。的球罐，采用Ⅰ r192γ射線全景 暴光法對(duì)球罐焊縫進(jìn)行整體暴光。and1500m179。的球罐采用Ⅰ r192射線雙源全景暴光法，對(duì)球罐焊縫進(jìn)行整體暴光。spherical tank. 對(duì)于返修焊縫，如果返修片不多時(shí)，采用 x射線或γ射線進(jìn)行局部透照，如果返修片，補(bǔ)片超過(guò) 30張，應(yīng)進(jìn)行 2次全景暴光。 if the quantity of repair films and makeup films is more than 30, do twice panorama exposure. RT檢測(cè)工藝 RT inspection technics 該工程射線檢測(cè)工作由持有技術(shù)監(jiān)督局核發(fā)的射線檢測(cè)Ⅰ級(jí)及以上資質(zhì)且持有衛(wèi)生監(jiān)督部門核發(fā)的放射工作人員證的人員進(jìn)行操作，Ⅱ級(jí)以上人員進(jìn)行評(píng)片，出具報(bào)告和審核。 The RT inspection should be done by inspector who has level Ⅰ or upwards certificates issued by quality technique supervision department and RT inspector certificate issued by sanitation supervision department. The inspector who has level Ⅱ certificate can do film review, produce report and do auditing. And the quantity of person who has level Ⅱ should be at least 2. ，檢測(cè)任務(wù)量及標(biāo)準(zhǔn) Inspection occasion, task and standards 1)檢測(cè)時(shí)機(jī)；進(jìn)行形狀尺寸和外觀檢查合格且焊接結(jié)束 36小時(shí)后進(jìn)行射線檢測(cè)。 Inspection work and standards: For all the buttwelded seam, the normal inspection grade is AB, it is eligible if it accords with JB473094. 檢測(cè)方法 Inspection methods 采用Ⅰ r192γ源進(jìn)行全景暴光，全景暴光死角區(qū)及返修片 ,補(bǔ)片可使用 3005型 x射線機(jī)進(jìn)行檢測(cè)。 Use Ir192γ source to do panorama exposure. For the dead angle area, repair films 8 and makeup films, the x radiographic machine can be used to do inspection。 Instruments: 2 DLVA typeγ radiographic detect machine, 2 300KVX radiographic machine, 2 observe light, 1 dark gauge. The status of all the instruments should be well, and can accord with the regulation of responding standard, all the puter instruments should be used in the usefullife. 2)材料；該工程全部采用 AGFA C7型膠片，γ射線檢測(cè)使用 300*100*， X射線使用 300*100*，選用天津Ⅲ型套藥。 Oneoff peration length is 260mm, 象質(zhì)計(jì)及放置位置象質(zhì)計(jì) and lay position 1)選用 Fe6/12Ⅱ號(hào)象質(zhì)計(jì)。放置一個(gè)象質(zhì)計(jì)。放置一個(gè)象質(zhì)計(jì)。 Lay a on the equator of the outerwall of spherical tank per interval of 90176。 . Lay at least two on the location of innerwall of below polar and do contrast experiment. 3)象質(zhì)計(jì)應(yīng)置于被檢焊縫上，且鋼絲與被檢焊縫垂直，放置位置在膠片有效長(zhǎng)度的 1/4處，細(xì)絲朝外，當(dāng)象質(zhì)計(jì)處于球罐外壁時(shí)，在其最粗絲右下角或左下角放置 F標(biāo)記，像質(zhì)計(jì)應(yīng)盡可能至于射源側(cè)。中心全景暴光時(shí)，定位標(biāo)記置 于射線源內(nèi)外側(cè)均可。 Orientation mark: There should have mark of ↑ on the peration location of the weld, the mark can assess the effective length. When use central panorama exposure, orientation mark can be put on both the inner or outer side of the source. When do single peration with single wall single image, the orientation should put beside the source. 2)識(shí)別標(biāo)記：識(shí)別標(biāo)記必須有工程（產(chǎn)品）編號(hào)，焊縫編號(hào)，底片號(hào)，球罐壁厚，焊工號(hào)，年月日等標(biāo)記，鉛字距離焊縫邊緣至少 5mm（識(shí)別標(biāo)記見下圖）： Identification mark: The identification mark must include the project No, weld No, negative No, thickness of spherical tank, welder No, date and else. The distance between the letter and the edge of the weld should be at least of 5mm(see identification mark as follows) 年y e a r 月m o n t h 日d a t e工程編號(hào)P r o j e c t N o .焊縫片號(hào)S e a m N o .返修號(hào)D e f e c t s N o .厚度T h i n c k焊工號(hào)W e l d e r N o . 10 說(shuō)明：由于是中心全景暴光，底片之間 均有塔接，每張焊縫上的底片只要有一張標(biāo)記是完整的，就能保證信息識(shí)別，所以要求每條焊縫的第一張底片的標(biāo)識(shí)的標(biāo)記是完整的，其它底片可以沒(méi)有年，月，日，及中心標(biāo)記，厚度。 Explain: As there is interface between the negatives when use central panorama exposure, and if there is one mark of the negatives on each weld is intact, the information can be identified out。 R為球罐外徑；T為壁厚。 T means the thickness of the wall. 4)布片：焊縫進(jìn)行射線檢測(cè)前，按圖樣和焊縫排版圖對(duì)受檢部位標(biāo)記，并畫布片示意圖?！? 90176?！?270176。為 1， 2， 3?→。球罐全景暴光檢驗(yàn)前應(yīng)到氣象部門咨詢氣候情況，如遇陰雨天氣必須進(jìn)行檢測(cè)時(shí)，暗盒外面套朔料袋進(jìn)行保護(hù)，上下方向布片時(shí)，暗盒的帽蓋開口部位朝下?！? 90176。→ 270176。為 1， 2， 3?→ for circle weld. The films should be fixed hardly in the inspected area during exposure time, append mag when necessary. Require about the weather before panorama exposure inspection on the spherical tank, pull on a plastic bag outer the cassette when meet with overcast and rainy. When dispose the films in lengthways, the peristome of the hatbox of the cassette should be gadarene.( Use the marking bag with mag in this project) ；散射線的屏蔽 Selection on the exposure parameter。 Selection on the exposure parameter: The exposure time can be confirmed by exposureruler or calculational equation. Because there are many factors to affect gamma expose, so give a rough estimate on the exposure time. Dispose 34 films at the bottom of the tank, take down one film when expose for 90% of the exposure time, develop under the regulated condition。 Shied on the dispread radial: Use the backing letter with thickness of at the bottom of the tank to shield the dispread radial. 暗室處理 Disposal in darkroom 1)對(duì)操作人員的要求：暗室操作人員應(yīng)經(jīng)專門人員培訓(xùn)，掌握暗室操作的基本知識(shí)和技能，認(rèn)真詳細(xì)的做好暗室操作記錄，發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題及時(shí)采取措 施，以避免因暗室處理不當(dāng)而出現(xiàn)廢片現(xiàn)象。操作者切裝膠片時(shí)，應(yīng)帶上細(xì)絨手套且?guī)бr紙裝切，要避免乳膠膜與襯紙，增感屏或其它粗糟物摩擦以防止靜電感光。 Bagging on the films: Fetch out the needed quantity of films with mounts, put the remainder films with the mounts into the leadbox. The operator should wear downy gloves and bagging with the mounts when operating, and should avoid the latex film rub with the mounts, screen or other rough material to be sensitive. Encase and take out the films with the screen, the films mustn’ t be encased or took out solely. 3)裝切膠片的工作臺(tái)在操作前擦拭干凈。 The table should be cleaned up before operating and keep dryness to avoid the films paste on the liquid medicine before disposal. 4)暗室安全燈應(yīng)在距膠片 1m外安放，安裝后要進(jìn)行測(cè)試以防膠片感光。 When there is suspicion on the films’ quality, do develop and fixation analysis. If there really has quality problem, stop to