【正文】 178。 When defect appear, the probe should be move around defect, when F1/B1=50%, the distance of probe center moved is defect length, and the probe center is defect verge. 焊縫的超聲波檢測 Ultrasonic testing on welding. 1）利用 CSKIA試塊按深度 1﹕ 1調(diào)節(jié)掃描比例。 Use 5 wave method, the scan scale are 1： 1 depth. 2）檢測靈敏度以ф 5 平底孔確定，應計入靈敏度試塊與被探鋼板之間的表面耦合聲能的損失（ dB）。 transverse wave angle probe testing will be carried out on butt welding. ，探頭及系統(tǒng)性能 Equipment, probe and system capability. 1） UT 探傷儀；漢威數(shù)字超聲波 1臺， CTS22A 型超聲波 1臺，設備必須經(jīng)計量鑒定合格。 if any defects that will be rejected appeared, review rate will added。Material should have 20% UT random check. 球殼對接焊縫采用橫波 斜探頭接觸法進行 100％的超聲波檢測，母材厚度小于 46mm時采用單面雙側一次反射法進行檢測，母材厚度大于 46mm時采用雙單雙側一次波直射法進行檢測。室內(nèi)照明不應在底片上產(chǎn)生反射。 do inspection over again 36 hours after welding repair and the visual check is eligible. 3)返修片按返修次數(shù)分別在焊縫編號后加 R1， R2，以示區(qū)別。底片干燥 :底片水洗后在裝有活性劑的濕潤槽中過一遍，然后掛在涼片夾上，在涼片室內(nèi)自然涼干，或采用通風干燥柜強制干燥。 Dip in the develop liquid for 30s after developing. 178。顯影前應將膠片在濕潤槽中的清水中濕潤后在放入顯影槽。保證干燥，防止處理前粘上藥液。 shied on the dispread radial 1)暴光參數(shù)的選擇；射線檢測時暴光時間使用專用暴光尺或計算公式確定，因影響γ射線暴光時間的因素較多，以上僅作估算，在罐體下部放上實驗片 34張，暴光至計算值 90％ 11 時，取下一片，在規(guī)定條件下沖洗，濕片測黑度，當黑度不足時繼續(xù)暴光，直到母材處實驗片黑度均在 ； X射線檢測根據(jù)焦距透照厚度及暴光曲線確定，且管電壓不應超過射線機額定電壓的 90％，暴光量不應低于 。膠片在暴光期間應在受檢區(qū)域上固定穩(wěn)妥，必要時另外附加磁鐵 固定。 Lineation: Mark on the film location of each negative with marking pen, and sign the No of each negative. The line should be vertical with the edge of the weld, the interval of outboard should be 260mm, the inboard length can get according to the equation of 260*[（ RT） /R]. R means outside diameter。 should be put on the inspected weld, and the steel wire should be vertical with the inspected weld, the lay location should be 1/4 of the film length, the filament expose to the outer. When is on the outerwall of the spherical tank, lay F on the rightbelow or the leftbelow corner of the coarse thread, the should close up to the source side the whole way. Undefinition of geometry 對于 r射線全景暴光，無論單源還是雙源都能滿足 JB473094 標準 .采用局部 x 射線或γ射線透照返修片或重拍片時，為保證幾何不清楚，焦距不得小于 600mm. 9 For rray panorama exposure, both the single source and double source can meet with the JB473094 standards, and when adopt local xray or γ ray do inspection, the focus can’ t be less than 600mm in order to ensure the undefinition of the geometry. 定位標記，識別標記，劃線和布片 Orientation mark, identification mark, lineation and disposal of the film 1)定位標記：透照時焊縫透照部位應有塔接標記↑，塔接標記起確定有效評定長度的作用。 Use Fe6/12 Ⅱ 2)球罐外壁的赤道帶上每隔 90176。 Inspection occasion: Do RT 36 hours after welding and the shape, dimension and visual check is eligible. 2)檢測任務量及標準；球殼板所有對接焊縫，標準檢測等 級為 AB 級，符合 JB473094標Ⅱ級為合格。. 對于 3000 m179。作好工件上缺陷位置的標記。 Commitment can be valid only after the signal of deputy party and the checker of the installing party when the visual check result can be up to the surface requirement of the responding methods. 6 安裝單位應提供檢測工程任務的施工網(wǎng)絡計劃，以便檢測單位γ源的預定及人員材料的準備。 All the inspector who engage on NDT of sphere tank should have responding certificates of boil pressure vessel that is issued by quality technique supervise bureau. The quantity of inspector who has level Ⅱ certificates for each inspection methods should be at least 2 personnel. Ⅰ級無損檢測人員可在Ⅱ級或其以上級別人員的指導下，進行相應的無損檢測操作并記錄檢測數(shù)據(jù)，整理檢測資料。 The butt welding of tank body plate, after back chipping, 100% PT inspection should be carried out。 and thickness is 30mm. The sort of spherical tank is pressure vessel Ⅲ , the coefficient of welding line is . 3．編制依據(jù) Workout gist CSPC南海石化球罐圖紙； Drawings of CSPC Nanhai Petrochemical Spherical Tank。厚度為 52mm；編號為T1956球罐球殼皮的材質為 SA537CL1，公稱容積為 1300M179。三種。 3000M179。厚度為 52mm；編號為 T1954，T1955， T1959球罐球殼皮的材質為 SA537CL2，公稱容積為 3000M179。 the lamella material of T1957, T1958 is 16MnR， the nominal volume is 1300M179。 if there is still overstandard, do 100% inspection. NDT inspection during welding 球殼板對接焊單面焊完，背面清根打磨后，應進行 100％滲透檢測；工裝、卡具拆除后焊疤修磨出進行 100％ PT 或 100％ MT。每項檢測方法的Ⅱ級資質人員不得少于 2人。 Commitment should include frondose inspection methods, grading, acceptance level, inspecting date and relative technique requirement. 委托書必須有安裝單位檢查員并經(jīng)外觀檢查達到相應檢測方法的表面要求后簽字及監(jiān)理單位簽字后才能有效。 the main practice operation of UT must be carried out by inspector who is level Ⅱ . 現(xiàn)場作業(yè)應及時，準確的做好檢測原始記錄。and1500m179。 The RT inspection should be done by inspector who has level Ⅰ or upwards certificates issued by quality technique supervision department and RT inspector certificate issued by sanitation supervision department. The inspector who has level Ⅱ certificate can do film review, produce report and do auditing. And the quantity of person who has level Ⅱ should be at least 2. ，檢測任務量及標準 Inspection occasion, task and standards 1)檢測時機；進行形狀尺寸和外觀檢查合格且焊接結束 36小時后進行射線檢測。 Oneoff peration length is 260mm, 象質計及放置位置象質計 and lay position 1)選用 Fe6/12Ⅱ號象質計。 . Lay at least two on the location of innerwall of below polar and do contrast experiment. 3)象質計應置于被檢焊縫上，且鋼絲與被檢焊縫垂直，放置位置在膠片有效長度的 1/4處，細絲朝外，當象質計處于球罐外壁時，在其最粗絲右下角或左下角放置 F標記，像質計應盡可能至于射源側。 R為球罐外徑；T為壁厚。為 1， 2， 3?→。為 1， 2， 3?→ for circle weld. The films should be fixed hardly in the inspected area during exposure time, append mag when necessary. Require about the weather before panorama exposure inspection on the spherical tank, pull on a plastic bag outer the cassette when meet with overcast and rainy. When dispose the films in lengthways, the peristome of the hatbox of the cassette should be gadarene.( Use the marking bag with mag in this project) ；散射線的屏蔽 Selection on the exposure parameter。 Bagging on the films: Fetch out the needed quantity of films with mounts, put the remainder films with the mounts into the leadbox. The operator should wear downy gloves and bagging with the mounts when operating, and should avoid the latex film rub with the mounts, screen or other rough material to be sensiti