【正文】 w 視點(diǎn)，視角 The book looks at college life from a student39。 vary from …to … 從 … 到 … 不同，因 … 而異 Salary scales vary from state to state. 工資級(jí)別因州而異。 We39。 contribute to 導(dǎo)致 Smoking is the main factor contributing to lung cancer. 吸煙是導(dǎo)致肺癌的主要因素。 Reciting passages is beneficial to improving oral English. 朗讀（背誦）短文段落對(duì)提高英語口語有利。 The reason for … is that 是一個(gè)常用的句子。 The reason why … 是另外一個(gè)常用的句子。 Thus the decisionmaking process is fundamental to management. Almost everything a manager does involves decisions， indeed， some suggest that the management process is decision making. Although managers cannot predict the future， many of their decisions require that they consider possible future events. Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance， but since uncertainty is always there， risk acpanies decisions. Sometimes the consequences of a poor decision are slight； at other times they are serious. manager does 是省略 that 的定語從句，修飾先行詞 everything 當(dāng)先行詞為 everything， something， anything， nothing等不定代詞時(shí)定語從句引導(dǎo)詞不可用 which， 此句的后半部分 some suggest that …… 是賓語從句 suggest v. 認(rèn)為，提出，建議（其后的賓語從句多用于虛擬語氣） conj.“雖然，盡管 ”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句 例如： Although my car is very old， it still runs very well . 雖然我的汽車很舊，但是仍然跑得很好。 as little as possible 盡可能少 I tried to be as friendly as possible. 我盡量地表示友好。 since uncertainty is always there 是一個(gè)原因狀語從句。 He was the first to draw a map that was based on all available knowledge， rather than guess or imagination. 他第一個(gè)畫出以當(dāng)時(shí)所有的知識(shí)為基礎(chǔ)的地圖，而不是基于猜測和想象。 例： He studied painting， music， English and the like. 他學(xué)習(xí)了繪畫、音樂、英語等等。 thorough a. 徹底的 through prep. 通過，穿過 though conj. 雖然，盡管 （ 同 although ） thought n. 思想 example， managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion ： either /or 意思是 “非此即彼；二者擇一 ”。t —— it39。 第三部分 At the managerial level， decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them， and the range is from highly limited to practically unlimited. the managerial level， decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them， and the range is from highly limited to practically unlimited. 在 as well as 結(jié)構(gòu)中，強(qiáng)調(diào)前者 limiting alternatives ，不強(qiáng)調(diào)后者 譯為：作決策包括限定選擇和識(shí)別選擇，或者譯成：不僅包括識(shí)別選擇還要包括限定選擇（除了包括識(shí)別選擇外還有限定選擇） practically ad. 實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上（在口語中譯為，幾乎，簡直）在本文中是幾乎的意思。 ， departments or units within an anization make decisions that are good for them individually but that are less than optimal for the larger anization. 兩個(gè) that 引導(dǎo)的都是定語從句，修飾 decisions less than 在此做狀語，表示否定的含義， less than optimal “不太理想 ” 例如： This job is less than perfect. 這份工作不十分理想（完美）。 例： The percentage varies from person to person. （稅收的） 比例因人而異。 為了表示明確的時(shí)間或條件，有時(shí)常在分詞前面加上 when， while， even if ， even though ， unless 等連詞作時(shí)間、條件、讓步等狀語。s values about acceptable degrees of risk and profitability cause disagreement about the correctness of decisions. ordering and importance of multiple objectives is also based， in part， on the values of the decision maker. be based on 基于，取決于 in part 部分地，在某種程度上 對(duì)于多項(xiàng)目標(biāo)的排序和重要性，部分地基于決策者的價(jià)值觀。s values about acceptable degrees of risk and profitability cause disagreement about the correctness of decisions. 兩個(gè) about 都是介詞短語作定語，修飾前邊的名詞 不同人關(guān)于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和收益可接受程度的價(jià)值觀，導(dǎo)致了對(duì)于決策正確性的不同意見。 附：重點(diǎn)句 reason for making a decision is that a problem exists， goals or objectives are wrong， or something is standing in the way of acplishing them. 三個(gè)表語從句并列 （第一段） managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance， but since uncertainty is always there， risk acpanies decisions. 主從復(fù)合句（第二段） managers， every decision has constraints based on policies， procedures， laws， precedents， and the like. （第三段） example， managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion； （第四段） individuals （ and anizations） frequently have different ideas about how to attain the goals， the best choice may depend on who makes the decision. 主從復(fù)合句（第六段） ， departments or units within an anization make decisions that are good for them individually but that are less than optimal for the larger nization. （第六段） of these objectives are more important than others， but the order and degree of importance often vary from person to person and from department to department. （第七段） presented with a mon case， sales managers tend to see sales problems， production managers see production problems， and so on. （第七段） Text B Secrets of Success at an Interview Words title 分析： Secrets：秘密 success n. 成功 succeed v. interview vt./n. 面談，采訪；面試，口試 criticism n. 批評(píng)；評(píng)論 candidate n. 候選人，候補(bǔ)者；應(yīng)試者 vague a. 含糊的；不明確的 notion n. 概 念；想法，看法 prospect n. 展望，景象；前景，前程 munity n. 社區(qū)；共同體 unattractive a. 無吸引力的；不引人注意的 indifference n. 冷漠；不感興趣 interviewer n. 接見者；面談?wù)? personality n. 個(gè)性；人格；品格 prospective a. 預(yù)期的；未來的 speechless a. 不會(huì)說話的；不說話的 clarification n. 澄清，闡明 correspondence n. 符合，一致；通信 photocopy vt./n. 復(fù)印，影??；照相復(fù)制本 resume n. 摘要，梗概；個(gè)人簡歷 inefficiency n. 無效；效能差 neat a. 整潔的；簡潔的；整齊的 conservative a. 保存的，防腐的；保守的，守舊的 punk n. （俚）阿飛；朋克（ 70年代以來英國、美國的年輕人中的頹廢派） miniskirt n. 超短裙 panel n. 專門小組 intimidate vt. 恐嚇，恫嚇 clutch vt./vi. 抓住，握緊 grip vt./n. 緊握，緊夾；掌握，控制 painful a. 痛苦的；費(fèi)力的 rephrase vt. 重新措辭，改用別的話表示 詞組： to apply for 申請(qǐng) day to day （ =daytoday） work 日常工作 to take the trouble to 不辭勞苦，費(fèi)力 to put oneself in somebody39。s advantage 對(duì) 某人有利 to ask for 請(qǐng)求，向 … 要；尋找 in hand 手頭上有 to make sure 查明，弄確實(shí)；確信 at a disadvantage 處于不利地位 to turn down 拒絕；調(diào)小或調(diào)低；翻下 重點(diǎn)詞匯詞組講解： ： vt./n. 面談，采訪 派生詞： interviewer（采訪者） ， interviewee（被采訪者） ， view （觀點(diǎn)、見解） /風(fēng)景）， interview（面試 /采訪）， preview（預(yù)習(xí)） ， review （復(fù)習(xí)）